盐胁迫对不同生境盐地碱蓬光合及离子积累的影响

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.06.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探讨盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)适应不同生境的生理机制, 研究了盐处理(1、200和600 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)对盐碱地和潮间带两种生境盐地碱蓬地上部分及根系有机干重、叶片叶绿素含量及光合放氧速率、叶片和根中离子积累的影响。结果表明: 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl对两种生境盐地碱蓬地上部分及根系的有机干重无显著影响, 说明两种生境盐地碱蓬均具有较强的抗盐性; NaCl处理显著降低了两种生境盐地碱蓬叶片的光合放氧速率; 各浓度NaCl处理下, 盐碱地生境盐地碱蓬叶片的光合放氧速率均高于潮间带生境的, 潮间带生境盐地碱蓬叶片中叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值均高于盐碱地生境的; 各浓度NaCl处理下, 潮间带生境盐地碱蓬叶片中的Cl^-含量均低于盐碱地生境的; 与叶片中情况相反, 高盐处理下, 潮间带生境盐地碱蓬根中的Cl^-含量均高于盐碱地生境的。说明与盐碱地生境盐地碱蓬相比, 潮间带生境盐地碱蓬的根系可能对Cl^-具有较强的积累或限制其向地上部分运输的能力, 这些特征可能是盐地碱蓬适应不同生境的结果。

关键词: 叶绿素, 离子积累, NaCl, 光合放氧, 盐地碱蓬

Abstract:

Aims Suaeda salsa can grow in the intertidal zone or on saline inland soil. The intertidal population is mainly affected by high salt concentration, hypoxia and low temperature, while the inland population is mainly affected by salt and drought. We hypothesized that S. salsa from the intertidal zone would have a greater ability to regulate salt accumulation or translocation compared with S. salsa in saline inland habitats. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the effects of salinity on growth, photosynthetic oxygen evolution and ion accumulation of two populations of S. salsa, i.e., to determine how two populations of S. salsa adapt to their different habitats.

Methods After pre-culture for 40 days, seedlings of both populations were treated with 1, 200 and 600 mmol·L^-1 NaCl. The experiment was terminated 20 days after final NaCl concentrations were reached. Then we determined the organic dry weight of shoots and roots, content of chlorophyll and the rate of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in leaves and contents of Na⁺ and Cl^- in leaves and roots of seedlings of the two S. salsa populations.

Important findings The organic dry weight of shoots and roots of both populations was not affected by 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl, indicating that both populations had high salt resistance. Under all treatments, the rate of photosynthetic oxygen evolution was higher in leaves of S. salsa from saline inland than that in the intertidal population, while the opposite trend was true in the chlorophyll a/b ratio. The Cl^-content in leaves of S. salsa from the intertidal zone was lower than that in the saline inland habitats, while the opposite trend was true in the Cl^- content in roots, which suggests that S. salsa from the intertidal zone may employ superior control of ion accumulation (especially for Cl^-) in roots or ion translocation from roots to shoots compared with S. salsa from saline inland. These traits may affect the distribution of S. salsa in natural saline environments.

Key words: chlorophyll, ion accumulation, NaCl, photosynthetic oxygen evolution, Suaeda salsa

高奔, 宋杰, 刘金萍, 隋娜, 范海, 王宝山. 盐胁迫对不同生境盐地碱蓬光合及离子积累的影响. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(6): 671-677. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.06.006

GAO Ben, SONG Jie, LIU Jin-Ping, SUI Na, FAN Hai, WANG Bao-Shan. Effects of salt stress on photosynthesis and ion accumulation patterns of Suaeda salsa under different habitats. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(6): 671-677. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.06.006

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I6/671

图/表 5

图1 盐处理对不同生境盐地碱蓬地上部分(A)及根系(B)有机干重的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。平均值上的字母不同表示在p < 0.05水平上差异显著。

Fig. 1 Effect of NaCl on organic dry weight of shoots (A) and roots (B) of Suaeda salsa under different habitats (mean ± SD). Different letters on the same column means significantly different at p < 0.05 level.

表1 两种生境盐地碱蓬地上部分及根系的有机干重、叶绿素a、b含量、叶绿素a/b比值、光合放氧速率以及叶片及根系的Na+、Cl- 含量等特征关于生境、盐度及其交互作用的双因素分析结果

Table 1 Results of Two-way ANOVA of organic dry weight of shoots and roots, chlorophyll a and b content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, the rate of photosynthetic oxygen evolution, and Na+, Cl- content in shoots and roots of Suaeda salsa under different habitats in relation to origin of population, salinity, and origin of population × salinity interactions

性状 Traits	生境 Habitat	盐度 Salinity	生境 Habitat ×盐度 Salinity
地上部分有机干重 Organic dry weight of shoots	137.68 ***	55.40 ***	5.5 *
根系有机干重 Organic dry weight of roots	16.19 **	15.07 ***	0.25 ^NS
叶绿素a含量 Chl a content	32.67 ***	86.29 ***	6.87 **
叶绿素b含量 Chl b content	6.89 *	22.05 ***	0.14 ^NS
叶绿素a/b Chl a/b ratio	70.32 ***	12.15 ***	1.8 ^NS
光合放氧速率 Photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate	11.99 **	73.98 ***	3.58 ^NS
叶片Na⁺含量 Na⁺content in leaves	63.75 ***	9 188.70 ***	39.26 ***
根系Na⁺含量 Na⁺content in roots	5.99 *	42.48 ***	1.8 ^NS
叶片Cl ^-含量 Cl^- content in leaves	88.12 ***	271.53 ***	1.54 ^NS
根系Cl ^-含量 Cl^- content in roots	11.10 **	37.19 ***	1.38 ^NS

图2 盐处理对不同生境盐地碱蓬叶片中叶绿素a (A)、叶绿素b (B)含量以及叶绿素a/b比值(C)的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 2 Effect of NaCl on the content of chlorophyll a (A)、chlorophyll b (B) and chlorophyll a/b ratio (C) in leaves of Suaeda salsa under different habitats (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig.1.

图3 盐处理对不同生境盐地碱蓬叶片光合放氧速率的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 3 Effect of NaCl on the rate of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in leaves of Suaeda salsa under different habitats (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

图4 盐处理对不同生境盐地碱蓬叶片及根系Na+ (A, C)和Cl- (B, D)含量的影响(平均值±标准偏差)。图注同图1。

Fig. 4 Effect of NaCl on the content of Na+ (A, C) and Cl- (B, D) in leaves and roots of Suaeda salsa under different habitats (mean ± SD). Notes see Fig. 1.

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