氮素对日光温室独本菊品种‘神马’干物质分配影响的模拟

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为定量研究氮素对日光温室独本菊(Dendranthema morifolium)干物质分配的影响, 该研究以独本菊品种‘神马’为试验材料, 于2005年10月~2006年7月在北京日光温室内进行了不同定植期和不同氮素水平的栽培试验, 以生理辐热积为发育尺度, 定量分析了氮素对独本菊品种‘神马’干物质分配指数动态的影响, 建立了氮素对日光温室独本菊品种‘神马’干物质分配影响的模拟模型, 并用与建立模型相独立的数据对模型进行了检验。结果表明, 独本菊品种‘神马’叶片累积氮含量最大值出现在现蕾期, 现蕾期叶片累积氮含量适宜值为1.62 g·m^-2。模型对日光温室独本菊品种‘神马’各器官干重预测结果较好, 茎、叶和花干重的预测值与实测值之间基于1:1线的决定系数分别为0.94、0.97和0.94, 相对预测误差分别为10.3%、5.76%和4.02%。该研究建立的模型可以根据温室内的气温、太阳辐射、日长和现蕾期叶片累积氮含量预测日光温室独本菊品种‘神马’各个器官干重随生育时期的动态变化, 从而为日光温室独本菊品种‘神马’生产中氮素的优化管理提供决策支持。

关键词: 独本菊, 日光温室, 叶片氮含量, 干物质分配, 模型

Abstract:

Aims Dry matter partitioning is the basis of external quality formation of ornamental plants. Nitrogen is the important nutrient affecting dry matter partitioning of plants. Our aim was to quantitatively investigate the effects of nitrogen on dry matter partitioning of standard cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema morifolium ‘Shenma’) grown in a solar greenhouse.
Methods We conducted our experiments using different planting dates and different levels of nitrogen application rates in a solar greenhouse in Beijing, China during October 2005 and July 2006. The integrated photo-thermal index, the product of thermal effectiveness, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and day length (PTEP), was used to describe changes of the partitioning indices of leaf, stem and flower with development stages. Effects of the accumulated leaf nitrogen content at bud-showing stage on the dynamics of the partitioning indices of leaf, stem and flower were quantified based on experimental data. Based on these quantitative relationships, we developed a model for predicting the effects of nitrogen on dry matter partitioning. Independent experimental data were used to validate the model.
Important findings The seasonal maximum accumulated leaf nitrogen content occurred at the bud- showing stage, and the optimal value at this stage is 1.62 g·m^-2. Based on the 1:1 line, the coefficients of determination (R²) between the simulated and measured dry weight of stem, leaf and flower were 0.96, 0.97 and 0.94, respectively, and the relative prediction errors (RSE) between the simulated and measured dry weight of stem, leaf and flower were 8.26%, 5.76% and 3.70%, respectively. The model we developed can satisfactorily predict dry weight of stem, leaf and flower using greenhouse air temperature, radiation, day length and the accumulated leaf nitrogen content at the bud-showing stage as inputs; hence, it can be used for the optimization of nitrogen management for standard cut chrysanthemum ‘Shenma’ production in solar greenhouse.

Key words: standard cut chrysanthemum, solar greenhouse, leaf nitrogen content, dry matter partitioning, model

米晓洁, 戴剑锋, 罗卫红, 丁琪峰, 陈永山, 赵春江, 乔晓军, 刘克信. 氮素对日光温室独本菊品种‘神马’干物质分配影响的模拟. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(1): 108-117. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.012

MI Xiao-Jie, DAI Jian-Feng, LUO Wei-Hong, DING Qi-Feng, CHEN Yong-Shan, ZHAO Chun-Jiang, QIAO Xiao-Jun, LIU Ke-Xin. QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ON DRY MATTER PARTITIONING OF STANDARD CUT CHRYSANTHEMUM ‘SHENMA’ IN SOLAR GREENHOUSE. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(1): 108-117. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.012

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.01.012

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I1/108

图/表 7

表1 供试土壤的营养状况

Table 1 Nutrient content of the experimental soil

项目 Item	全氮 Total N (%)	有机质 Organic C (%)	速效氮 Available N (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷 Available P (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available K (mg·kg^-1)	容重 Bulk density (g·cm^-3)	pH	EC (mS·cm^-1)
试验一Exp1	0.13	2.69	25.53	202.1	138	1.12	7.74	0.11
试验二Exp2	0.14	2.47	33.33	232.7	155.8	1.12	7.83	0.25

表2 当季土壤供氮量

Table 2 Nitrogen available in the soil during the experimental season

处理 Treatments	1	2	3	4
试验一 Exp1
施氮量N applied in the experimental season (kg N·hm^-2)	0	34	69	103
定植时土壤速效氮量N content of the soil at planting date (kg N·hm^-2)	57.2	57.2	57.2	57.2
当季土壤供氮量N available in the soil during the experimental season (kg N·hm^-2)	57.2	91.2	126.2	160.2
试验二 Exp2
施氮量N applied in the experimental season (kg N·hm^-2)	0	24	48	72
定植时土壤速效氮量N content of the soil at planting date (kg N·hm^-2)	79.1	79.1	79.1	79.1
当季土壤供氮量N available in the soil during the experimental season (kg N·hm^-2)	79.1	103.1	127.1	151.1

图1 测量点在日光温室内的分布

Fig. 1 Diagram of the locations where global radiation and air temperature were measured in the experimental solar greenhouse

图2 独本菊品种‘神马’不同氮素水平地上部干物质及其在地上部各器官间的分配指数与定植后累积生理辐热积的关系 A: 地上部干物质分配指数 The partitioning index of shoot B: 干物质在茎的分配指数 The partitioning index of stem C: 干物质在叶的分配指数 The partitioning index of leaf D: 干物质在花的分配指数 The partitioning index of flower ?: 0 kg N·hm-2, ?: 34 kg N·hm-2, □: 69 kg N·hm-2, ×: 103 kg N·hm-2

Fig. 2 Relationship between the partitioning indices of shoot and different organs of shoot of standard cut chrysanthemum ‘Shenma’ and the physiological product of thermal effectiveness and PAR (PTEP) after planting under different levels of nitrogen application rates

图3 独本菊品种‘神马’不同定植期不同氮素水平叶片累积氮含量与定植后累积生理辐热积的关系(A)和不同定植期现蕾期叶片累积氮含量与当季土壤供氮量的关系(B) 试验一观测资料 Measured value in Exp. 1: ?: 0 kg N·hm-2, ?: 34 kg N·hm-2, □: 69 kg N·hm-2, ○:103 kg N·hm-2 试验二观测资料 Measured value in Exp. 2: ? 0 kg N·hm-2, ▲: 24 kg N·hm-2, ■: 48 kg N·hm-2, ●: 72 kg N·hm-2

Fig. 3 Relationship between the accumulated leaf nitrogen content of standard cut chrysanthemum ‘Shenma’ and the physiological product of thermal effectiveness and PAR (PTEP) after planting under different planting and levels of nitrogen application rates (A) and relationship between the accumulated leaf nitrogen content at bud showing stage of standard cut chrysanthemum ‘Shenma’ and the nitrogen available in the soil during the experimental season (B)

图4 独本菊品种‘神马’现蕾期叶片累积氮含量与各器官分配指数增、降速率以及分配指数最大、最小值的关系 A: 茎分配指数增加速率 The increasing of partitioning index of stem (PIST) B: 叶分配指数下降速率The decreasing rate of partitioning index of leaf (PIL) C: 花分配指数增加速率 The increasing rate of partitioning index of flower(PIF) D: 茎分配指数最大值 The maximum value of PIST E: 叶分配指数最小值 The minimum value of PIL ——拟合曲线 Fitted curve ------ 外延线 Assumed curve

Fig. 4 Relationship between the accumulated leaf nitrogen content at bud showing stage and the increasing, decreasing rate of different partitioning indices and the maximum, the minimum value of the partitioning indices of standard cut chrysanthemum ‘Shenma’

图5 独本菊品种‘神马’不同氮素水平各器官干重模拟值与实测值比较 A: 地上部 Shoot B: 茎 Stem C: 叶 Leaf D: 花 Flower ——1:1线 Line

Fig. 5 Comparison between the predicted and the observed dry weight of different organs, levels of nitrogen application rates of standard cut chrysanthemum ‘Shenma’

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