亚热带森林系统4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布对生境变化的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0021

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 217-228.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0021

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亚热带森林系统4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布对生境变化的响应

李苏¹, 刘文耀^1,^*(), 石贤萌^1,², 柳帅^1,², 胡涛^1,², 黄俊彪^1,², 陈曦^1,², 宋亮¹, 武传胜^1,^2,³

¹中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室, 昆明 650223
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
³中国科学院哀牢山亚热带森林生态系统研究站, 云南景东 676209

收稿日期:2014-12-05 接受日期:2015-01-10 出版日期:2015-03-01 发布日期:2015-03-17
通讯作者: 刘文耀
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家青年科学基金(31400384)、NSFC-云南省联合基金重点项目(U1133605)和中国科学院“西部之光”西部博士基金。

Responses of the distribution of four epiphytic cyanolichens to habitat changes in subtropical forests

LI Su¹, LIU Wen-Yao^1,^*, SHI Xian-Meng^1,², LIU Shuai^1,², HU Tao^1,², HUANG Jun-Biao^1,², CHEN Xi^1,², SONG Liang¹, WU Chuan-Sheng^1,^2,³

¹Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingdong, Yunnan 676209, China

Received:2014-12-05 Accepted:2015-01-10 Online:2015-03-01 Published:2015-03-17
Contact: Wen-Yao LIU
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蓝藻地衣是附生植物类群的重要组成部分, 在森林生态系统的环境监测和养分循环中发挥着重要作用。该研究在云南哀牢山亚热带森林系统的2种原生和6种次生森林群落中, 以粉缘绵毛衣(Leioderma sorediatum)、天蓝猫耳衣(Leptogium azureum)、网肺衣(Lobaria retigera)和双缘牛皮叶(Sticta duplolimbata) 4种常见蓝藻地衣为对象, 共设立120个样地, 调查了它们在3600株树木0-2 m树干上的分布, 探讨其分布特征及与森林类群、宿主种类以及林龄等生境因子的关系。研究发现4种蓝藻地衣在森林群落间的分布模式明显不同。除双缘牛皮叶的盖度和频度在原生苔藓矮林中最高外, 其他3种蓝藻地衣的最高值均出现于次生林如厚皮香(Ternstroemia gymnanthera)林和滇山杨(Populus bonatii)林中; 而哀牢山地区广布的原生木果柯(Lithocarpus xylocarpus)林中, 4种蓝藻地衣极为少见。4种地衣都能生长于10多个树种上, 但明显表现出对厚皮香、滇山杨和硬壳柯(Lithocarpus hancei)等树种的偏好性, 以及对小花山茶(Camellia forrestii)等的排斥性。森林群落的林龄、胸径、最大胸径、林冠开阔度、基面积、树木密度和树种多样性等因子的变化均对4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布产生重要影响, 但在景观尺度上影响程度相对较小, 在不同森林群落内部却有各自的重要作用。其中, 林龄、林冠开阔度和宿主胸径是影响蓝藻地衣分布的最重要的生境因子。

关键词: 附生地衣, 生境因子, 森林类型, 宿主种类, 山地森林, 盖度, 云南

Abstract: Aims

Epiphytic cyanolichens are an important component of epiphytes and play a vital role in environmental monitoring and nutrient cycling in various forest ecosystems. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the coverage and frequency of epiphytic cyanolichens across forest types, (2) assess the importance of forest type and tree species on the distribution of cyanolichens, and (3) determine the influence of habitat variables on epiphytic cyanolichens at the scale of a forest landscape as well as within communities.

Methods

We investigated the coverage and frequency of four common cyanolichen species: Leioderma sorediatum, Leptogium azureum, Lobaria retigera, and Sticta duplolimbata, on 0-2.0 m trunk in 120 plots of two primary and six secondary forest types in the subtropical Ailao Mountains of Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Thirty trees in each plot and a total of 3600 trees were selected for lichen sampling in the eight forests.

Important findings

Coverage and frequency of the four epiphytic cyanolichens differed significantly among forest types. While the highest values of S. duplolimbata occurred in the primary dwarf mossy forest, those of other three species occurred in the secondary Ternstroemia gymnanthera and Populus bonatii forests. However, they were relatively rare in the primary Lithocarpus forest. All the target cyanolichen species were found on more than ten host tree species, and showed clear preferences for some tree species such as T. gymnanthera, P. bonatii and Lithocarpus hancei while excluded from other tree species such as Camellia forrestii. The results also highlighted the importance of habitat variables such as stand age, tree diameter, maximum diameter, canopy openness, basal area, host stem density and tree species diversity on the distribution of epiphytic cyanolichens. The correlation coefficients between cyanolichens and habitat variables were generally very small at the forest landscape scale, whereas some of the correlations were strong within forest types. Of the habitat variables, stand age, canopy openness and tree diameter were the major factors determining the distribution of cyanolichens.

Key words: epiphytic lichen, habitat variable, forest type, host species, montane forest, coverage, Yunnan

李苏, 刘文耀, 石贤萌, 柳帅, 胡涛, 黄俊彪, 陈曦, 宋亮, 武传胜. 亚热带森林系统4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布对生境变化的响应. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(3): 217-228. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0021

LI Su,LIU Wen-Yao,SHI Xian-Meng,LIU Shuai,HU Tao,HUANG Jun-Biao,CHEN Xi,SONG Liang,WU Chuan-Sheng. Responses of the distribution of four epiphytic cyanolichens to habitat changes in subtropical forests. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(3): 217-228. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0021

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图/表 3

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物种 Species	森林类型 Forest type
物种 Species	苔藓矮林 Dwarf mossy forest	木果柯林 Lithocarpus xylocarpus forest	老龄栎类次生林 Old-aged oak secondary forest	中龄栎类次生林 Middle-aged oak secondary forest	滇山杨次生林 Secondary Populus bonatii forest		旱冬瓜次生林 Secondary Alnus nepalensis forest	云南松次生林 Secondary Pinus yunnanensis forest	厚皮香次生林 Secondary Ternstroemia gymnanthera forest
盖度 Coverage (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	0.006 ± 0.003^b	0^a	0^a	0.014 ± 0.005^b	0.011 ± 0.003^b	<0.001^a		<0.001^a		0.059 ± 0.017^c
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	0.017 ± 0.008^ab	0.004 ± 0.002^d	0.009 ± 0.003^b	0.089 ± 0.030^c	0.461 ± 0.096^e	0.125 ± 0.056^abc		0.001 ± 0.001^d		0.046 ± 0.020^ac
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	0.082 ± 0.039^a	<0.001^b	0.002 ± 0.002^bc	0.063 ± 0.031^a	0.349 ± 0.080^f	0.015 ± 0.010^cde		0.002 ± 0.002^bd		0.042 ± 0.018^ae
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	0.084 ± 0.034^a	0.003 ± 0.002^b	0.008 ± 0.003^c	0.044 ± 0.009^a	0.052 ± 0.014^a	<0.001^b		0.002 ± 0.002^b		0.025 ± 0.007^ac
频度 Frequency (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	0.898 ± 0.519^b	0^a	0^a	2.247 ± 0.678^b	1.580 ± 0.366^b	0.089 ± 0.061^a		0.091 ± 0.062^a		9.162 ± 2.016^c
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	2.221 ± 0.796^a	0.533 ± 0.211^c	2.000 ± 0.605^a	7.941 ± 2.067^b	26.998 ± 2.967^d	10.345 ± 3.773^ab		0.142 ± 0.142^c		6.477 ± 1.975^ab
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	3.375 ± 1.292^a	0.027 ± 0.027^b	0.200 ± 0.200^bc	3.027 ± 1.036^a	10.352 ± 2.224^e	0.327 ± 0.140^cd		0.142 ± 0.142^bd		2.607 ± 0.878^a
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	6.949 ± 2.663^ac	0.293 ± 0.193^b	1.800 ± 0.563^d	6.528 ± 0.857^a	8.093 ± 1.762^a	0.089 ± 0.089^b		0.236 ± 0.236^b		3.068 ± 0.895^cd
样地发生率 Occurrence in plots (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	50.000	0.000	0.000	60.000	73.333	13.333		13.333		80.000
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	90.000	28.000	90.000	100.000	100.000	66.667		6.667		86.667
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	70.000	4.000	10.000	80.000	80.000	33.333		6.667		60.000
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	90.000	16.000	90.000	100.000	86.667	6.667		6.667		60.000
宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	4.000	0.000	0.000	7.556	5.778	0.444		0.444		20.889
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	8.333	2.000	7.667	20.444	55.556	26.222		0.444		12.667
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	12.333	0.133	1.000	9.778	27.556	1.556		0.444		6.889
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	20.000	1.200	8.000	20.222	22.889	0.444		0.444		8.222

物种 Species	森林类型 Forest type
物种 Species	苔藓矮林 Dwarf mossy forest	木果柯林 Lithocarpus xylocarpus forest	老龄栎类次生林 Old-aged oak secondary forest	中龄栎类次生林 Middle-aged oak secondary forest	滇山杨次生林 Secondary Populus bonatii forest		旱冬瓜次生林 Secondary Alnus nepalensis forest	云南松次生林 Secondary Pinus yunnanensis forest	厚皮香次生林 Secondary Ternstroemia gymnanthera forest
盖度 Coverage (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	0.006 ± 0.003^b	0^a	0^a	0.014 ± 0.005^b	0.011 ± 0.003^b	<0.001^a		<0.001^a		0.059 ± 0.017^c
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	0.017 ± 0.008^ab	0.004 ± 0.002^d	0.009 ± 0.003^b	0.089 ± 0.030^c	0.461 ± 0.096^e	0.125 ± 0.056^abc		0.001 ± 0.001^d		0.046 ± 0.020^ac
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	0.082 ± 0.039^a	<0.001^b	0.002 ± 0.002^bc	0.063 ± 0.031^a	0.349 ± 0.080^f	0.015 ± 0.010^cde		0.002 ± 0.002^bd		0.042 ± 0.018^ae
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	0.084 ± 0.034^a	0.003 ± 0.002^b	0.008 ± 0.003^c	0.044 ± 0.009^a	0.052 ± 0.014^a	<0.001^b		0.002 ± 0.002^b		0.025 ± 0.007^ac
频度 Frequency (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	0.898 ± 0.519^b	0^a	0^a	2.247 ± 0.678^b	1.580 ± 0.366^b	0.089 ± 0.061^a		0.091 ± 0.062^a		9.162 ± 2.016^c
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	2.221 ± 0.796^a	0.533 ± 0.211^c	2.000 ± 0.605^a	7.941 ± 2.067^b	26.998 ± 2.967^d	10.345 ± 3.773^ab		0.142 ± 0.142^c		6.477 ± 1.975^ab
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	3.375 ± 1.292^a	0.027 ± 0.027^b	0.200 ± 0.200^bc	3.027 ± 1.036^a	10.352 ± 2.224^e	0.327 ± 0.140^cd		0.142 ± 0.142^bd		2.607 ± 0.878^a
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	6.949 ± 2.663^ac	0.293 ± 0.193^b	1.800 ± 0.563^d	6.528 ± 0.857^a	8.093 ± 1.762^a	0.089 ± 0.089^b		0.236 ± 0.236^b		3.068 ± 0.895^cd
样地发生率 Occurrence in plots (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	50.000	0.000	0.000	60.000	73.333	13.333		13.333		80.000
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	90.000	28.000	90.000	100.000	100.000	66.667		6.667		86.667
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	70.000	4.000	10.000	80.000	80.000	33.333		6.667		60.000
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	90.000	16.000	90.000	100.000	86.667	6.667		6.667		60.000
宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	4.000	0.000	0.000	7.556	5.778	0.444		0.444		20.889
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	8.333	2.000	7.667	20.444	55.556	26.222		0.444		12.667
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	12.333	0.133	1.000	9.778	27.556	1.556		0.444		6.889
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	20.000	1.200	8.000	20.222	22.889	0.444		0.444		8.222

树种 Tree species	样本数 No. of trees	粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum		天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum		网肺衣 Lobaria retigera		双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata
树种 Tree species	样本数 No. of trees	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)
旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis	421	<0.01 (0.17)	0.48	0.27 (4.50)	25.18	0.03 (9.50)	1.43	<0.01 (0.17)	0.48
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	397	0.24 (13.33)	21.91	0.17 (15.33)	11.59	0.18 (18.00)	7.30	0.11 (5.67)	10.08
云南松 Pinus yunnanensis	378	<0.01 (0.33)	0.26	0	0	0	0	0	0
稀有树种 Rare trees	360	0.05 (9.33)	2.78	0.16 (13.17)	13.89	0.08 (8.67)	4.44	0.08 (6.33)	8.06
滇山杨 Populus bonatii	358	0.03 (2.33)	5.03	1.42 (17.67)	68.72	1.24 (52.00)	35.20	0.16 (3.67)	27.65
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei	289	0.04 (2.17)	7.27	0.28 (6.50)	23.88	0.11 (9.67)	7.61	0.16 (10.00)	24.57
云南越桔 Vaccinium duclouxii	280	0.01 (1.67)	1.07	0	0	0.01 (4.00)	0.36	<0.01 (0.33)	1.07
珊瑚冬青 Ilex corallina	106	0.01 (0.67)	3.77	0.06 (2.00)	7.55	0	0	0.03 (0.67)	6.60
珍珠花 Lyonia ovalifolia	96	0.03 (0.67)	8.33	0.06 (1.33)	7.29	<0.01 (0.33)	1.04	0.02 (1.17)	6.25
变色锥 Castanopsis wattii	95	0	0	0.01 (0.50)	2.11	0.01 (0.50)	1.05	0.01 (0.67)	1.05
露珠杜鹃 Rhododendron irroratum	92	0.02 (1.00)	4.35	0.01 (1.00)	1.09	0.08 (2.33)	9.78	0.16 (3.00)	17.39
硬叶柯 Lithocarpus crassifolius	82	0.02 (1.33)	3.66	0.06 (1.17)	12.20	0.58 (21.00)	17.07	0.18 (2.17)	21.95
南洋木荷 Schima noronhae	76	0	0	0.02 (0.67)	2.63	0	0	<0.01 (0.33)	1.32
翅柄紫茎 Stewartia pteropetiolata	75	0	0	0	0	0.02 (1.33)	1.33	<0.01 (0.17)	1.33
木果柯 Lithocarpus xylocarpus	70	0	0	<0.01 (0.67)	1.43	<0.01 (0.33)	1.43	<0.01 (0.33)	1.43
薄叶马银花 Rhododendron leptothrium	69	0	0	0.08 (2.33)	8.70	0.02 (1.00)	2.90	0.07 (3.67)	5.80
南亚枇杷 Eriobotrya bengalensis	56	0.01 (0.67)	1.79	0.02 (0.67)	3.57	0.04 (2.00)	3.57	0.01 (0.17)	3.57
滇润楠 Machilus yunnanensis	48	0	0	0.05 (0.83)	14.58	0	0	0.03 (0.67)	8.33
景东冬青 Ilex gintungensis	46	0	0	<0.01 (0.17)	2.17	0	0	0	0
麻子壳柯 Lithocarpus variolosus	46	0.02 (0.17)	10.87	0.08 (0.83)	23.91	0.16 (2.17)	23.91	0.09 (0.83)	23.91
山矾 Symplocos sumuntia	45	0	0	0.04 (0.83)	6.67	0	0	0.01 (0.50)	2.22
红花木莲 Manglietia insignis	42	0	0	<0.01 (0.17)	2.38	0	0	0.01 (0.33)	2.38
云南桤叶树 Clethra delavayi	37	0.04 (0.67)	8.11	0.03 (0.33)	8.11	0.24 (4.67)	18.92	0.67 (6.67)	27.03
小花山茶 Camellia forrestii	36	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

树种 Tree species	样本数 No. of trees	粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum		天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum		网肺衣 Lobaria retigera		双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata
树种 Tree species	样本数 No. of trees	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)	盖度 Coverage (%)	宿主占有率 Occurrence on hosts (%)
旱冬瓜 Alnus nepalensis	421	<0.01 (0.17)	0.48	0.27 (4.50)	25.18	0.03 (9.50)	1.43	<0.01 (0.17)	0.48
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	397	0.24 (13.33)	21.91	0.17 (15.33)	11.59	0.18 (18.00)	7.30	0.11 (5.67)	10.08
云南松 Pinus yunnanensis	378	<0.01 (0.33)	0.26	0	0	0	0	0	0
稀有树种 Rare trees	360	0.05 (9.33)	2.78	0.16 (13.17)	13.89	0.08 (8.67)	4.44	0.08 (6.33)	8.06
滇山杨 Populus bonatii	358	0.03 (2.33)	5.03	1.42 (17.67)	68.72	1.24 (52.00)	35.20	0.16 (3.67)	27.65
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei	289	0.04 (2.17)	7.27	0.28 (6.50)	23.88	0.11 (9.67)	7.61	0.16 (10.00)	24.57
云南越桔 Vaccinium duclouxii	280	0.01 (1.67)	1.07	0	0	0.01 (4.00)	0.36	<0.01 (0.33)	1.07
珊瑚冬青 Ilex corallina	106	0.01 (0.67)	3.77	0.06 (2.00)	7.55	0	0	0.03 (0.67)	6.60
珍珠花 Lyonia ovalifolia	96	0.03 (0.67)	8.33	0.06 (1.33)	7.29	<0.01 (0.33)	1.04	0.02 (1.17)	6.25
变色锥 Castanopsis wattii	95	0	0	0.01 (0.50)	2.11	0.01 (0.50)	1.05	0.01 (0.67)	1.05
露珠杜鹃 Rhododendron irroratum	92	0.02 (1.00)	4.35	0.01 (1.00)	1.09	0.08 (2.33)	9.78	0.16 (3.00)	17.39
硬叶柯 Lithocarpus crassifolius	82	0.02 (1.33)	3.66	0.06 (1.17)	12.20	0.58 (21.00)	17.07	0.18 (2.17)	21.95
南洋木荷 Schima noronhae	76	0	0	0.02 (0.67)	2.63	0	0	<0.01 (0.33)	1.32
翅柄紫茎 Stewartia pteropetiolata	75	0	0	0	0	0.02 (1.33)	1.33	<0.01 (0.17)	1.33
木果柯 Lithocarpus xylocarpus	70	0	0	<0.01 (0.67)	1.43	<0.01 (0.33)	1.43	<0.01 (0.33)	1.43
薄叶马银花 Rhododendron leptothrium	69	0	0	0.08 (2.33)	8.70	0.02 (1.00)	2.90	0.07 (3.67)	5.80
南亚枇杷 Eriobotrya bengalensis	56	0.01 (0.67)	1.79	0.02 (0.67)	3.57	0.04 (2.00)	3.57	0.01 (0.17)	3.57
滇润楠 Machilus yunnanensis	48	0	0	0.05 (0.83)	14.58	0	0	0.03 (0.67)	8.33
景东冬青 Ilex gintungensis	46	0	0	<0.01 (0.17)	2.17	0	0	0	0
麻子壳柯 Lithocarpus variolosus	46	0.02 (0.17)	10.87	0.08 (0.83)	23.91	0.16 (2.17)	23.91	0.09 (0.83)	23.91
山矾 Symplocos sumuntia	45	0	0	0.04 (0.83)	6.67	0	0	0.01 (0.50)	2.22
红花木莲 Manglietia insignis	42	0	0	<0.01 (0.17)	2.38	0	0	0.01 (0.33)	2.38
云南桤叶树 Clethra delavayi	37	0.04 (0.67)	8.11	0.03 (0.33)	8.11	0.24 (4.67)	18.92	0.67 (6.67)	27.03
小花山茶 Camellia forrestii	36	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

地衣物种 Lichen species	参数 Variable	林龄 Stand age	林冠开阔度 Canopy openness	基面积 Basal area	胸径 DBH	最大胸径 Max DBH	树木密度 Tree density	树种丰富度 Tree richness	树种辛普森指数 Tree Simpson index
线性回归分析 Single linear regression
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	盖度 Coverage	0.05^{**}		0.03^*	0.16^{***}	0.09^{***}	0.28^{***}
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	频度 Frequency	0.07^{**}		0.03^*	0.20^{***}	0.11^{***}	0.44^{***}
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	盖度 Coverage	0.07^{**}	0.03^*	0.06^{**}		0.05^*
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	频度 Frequency	0.12^{***}	0.05^{**}	0.09^{***}	0.03^*	0.07^{**}
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	盖度 Coverage	0.03^*	0.07^{**}	0.07^{**}	0.06^{**}	0.05^{**}
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	频度 Frequency	0.04^*	0.03^*	0.04^*	0.08^{***}	0.07^{**}
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	盖度 Coverage				0.08^{**}	0.04^*		0.03^*	0.03_*
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	频度 Frequency				0.10^{***}	0.06^{**}		0.03^*	0.06^{**}
多项式回归分析 Polynomial regression
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	盖度 Coverage	0.12^{***}	0.13^{***}		0.31^{***}	0.14^{***}	0.30^{***}		0.04^*
粉缘绵毛衣 Leioderma sorediatum	频度 Frequency	0.16^{***}	0.18^{***}		0.40^{***}	0.18^{***}	0.43^{***}		0.08^{**}
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	盖度 Coverage	0.07^{**}	0.05^*	0.07^{**}		0.04^*
天蓝猫耳衣 Leptogium azureum	频度 Frequency	0.12^{***}	0.13^{***}	0.09^{**}		0.07^{**}
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	盖度 Coverage	0.04^*	0.07^{**}	0.08^{**}	0.05^*	0.05^*
网肺衣 Lobaria retigera	频度 Frequency	0.04^*	0.12^{***}	0.03^*	0.07^{**}	0.08^{**}	0.05^*		0.04^*
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	盖度 Coverage		0.20^{***}		0.08^{**}	0.04^*	0.12^{***}	0.04^*	0.04^*
双缘牛皮叶 Sticta duplolimbata	频度 Frequency		0.25^{***}		0.09^{**}	0.05^*	0.14^{***}	0.05^{**}	0.07^{**}

亚热带森林系统4种附生蓝藻地衣的分布对生境变化的响应

Responses of the distribution of four epiphytic cyanolichens to habitat changes in subtropical forests

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