植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 131-143.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0292

所属专题: 碳水能量通量

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

鄂西南亚高山不同覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地甲烷排放特征及其环境影响因子

牟利, 吴林*(), 刘雪飞, 李小玲, 王涵, 吴浩, 余玉蓉, 杜胜蓝   

  1. 生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室, 湖北民族大学林学园艺学院, 湖北恩施 445000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-27 接受日期:2020-12-12 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2021-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 吴林
  • 作者简介:*(wulin20054557@163.com)
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41867042)

Characteristics and environmental factors controlling methane emission from a Sphagnum bog with different plant cover types in a subalpine area, southwest of Hubei, China

MOU Li, WU Lin*(), LIU Xue-Fei, LI Xiao-Ling, WANG Han, WU Hao, YU Yu-Rong, DU Sheng-Lan   

  1. Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of the Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, School of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
  • Received:2020-08-27 Accepted:2020-12-12 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-02-07
  • Contact: WU Lin
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(41867042)

摘要:

沼泽湿地是大气甲烷(CH4)的重要来源, 但有关亚热带亚高山沼泽湿地CH4排放的研究却鲜有报道, 特别是对不同覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放量的精确估算及其与环境因子的关系尚不清楚。该研究选择鄂西南亚高山泥炭藓沼泽湿地为研究区域, 于2018年11月-2019年10月间, 使用静态箱-气相色谱仪法原位测定3种覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4通量, 同步记录大气和地下5 cm土壤的温度以及地下水位变化。结果表明: (1)光照下, 裸露地(B)、泥炭藓(Sphagnum paluster)(S)、金发藓(Polytrichum commune)(P) 3种覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4-C通量全年变化范围分别为: 0.012-1.372、0.022-1.474、0.027-3.385 mg·m-2·h-1; 遮光处理下, B、S、P 3种覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4-C通量的全年变化范围分别为: 0.012-1.372、0.009-1.839、0.017-2.484 mg·m-2·h-1, 均为CH4排放源。同时, 光照条件下不同覆被泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放量略大于黑暗条件, 但差异不明显。(2)不同覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放存在明显的季节变化规律, 即: 夏季>秋季>春季>冬季, 其中夏季CH4排放量显著大于其他季节, 占全年的57%-84%。该研究发现泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4通量均与气温和地下5 cm土壤温度极显著相关, 且CH4排放量随温度升高呈指数增加, 表明温度是影响泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放时间变化的主要环境因子。(3) 3种覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地的年平均和年累计CH4排放量均依次为: P > S > B, P显著大于B。该研究发现植被类型与泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放量存在显著相关性, 表明覆被类型是影响泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放量空间变异的主要因子。(4) 3种覆被类型泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放量均与地下水位变化不相关。该研究进一步丰富了泥炭藓沼泽湿地CH4排放规律, 同时也为区域碳循环提供了详实的基础数据。

关键词: 亚热带, 植被类型, 沼泽湿地, 甲烷排放

Abstract:

Aims Wetlands are important sources of atmospheric methane (CH4), but there are few reports on the CH4 emissions of subtropical and subalpine wetlands. In particular, the accurate estimation of CH4 emissions from plots with different types of plant cover and the controlling environmental factors are not clear. The objective of this study is to study characteristics and influencing factors of CH4 emission fluxes from a Sphagnum bog with different plant cover types in a subalpine area, southwest of Hubei Province.
Methods A Sphagnum bog in the subalpine area in southwest of Hubei Province was selected, and CH4emission fluxes were measured in the Sphagnum bog with three types of plant cover using closed static chamber and gas chromatography method from November 2018 to October 2019. Simultaneously, air temperature, soil temperature of 5 cm depth, and groundwater level were recorded.
Important findings (1) Under sunlight, the CH4-C fluxes from the bare land plot (B), the Sphagnum paluster plot (S), and the Polytrichum commune plot (P) varied throughout the year within the following ranges: 0.012- 1.372, 0.022-1.474 and 0.027-3.385 mg·m-2·h-1, respectively; under shading treatment, the variation range of CH4-C flux throughout the year from B, S and P plots were 0.012-1.372, 0.009-1.839 and 0.017-2.484 mg·m-2·h-1, respectively, indicating CH4emission sources for all types. At the same time, for all plant cover types, CH4 emissions under sunlight conditions were slightly higher than those under dark conditions, but the difference was not significant. (2) For all plant cover types, CH4 emissions showed obvious seasonal variations, with the order of summer > autumn > spring > winter; and summer emissions were significantly greater than emissions in other seasons, accounting for about 57% to 84% of the annual cumulative flux. This study found that the flux of CH4 emission was highly related to air temperature and soil temperature of 5 cm depth showing exponential relationships, which indicated that temperature is the main environment factor affecting the temporal variations of CH4 emission from the Sphagnum bog. (3) Plant cover types significantly affected CH4 emissions from theSphagnum bog. The annual average and cumulative CH4 emissions from the three cover types were in the order of: P > S > B. P plot showed significantly higher emission than B plot. This study found a significant correlation between vegetation types and CH4 emissions, indicating that plant cover type is the main influencing factor of the spatial variations of CH4 emissions from the Sphagnum bog. (4) CH4 emissions were not significantly related to the groundwater levels. This study further enriched the mechanisms of CH4 emission in the Sphagnum bog and provided basic data for regional carbon cycling.

Key words: subtropical, vegetation type, marshland, methane emission