植物生态学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 197-203.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.023
收稿日期:
2006-11-09
接受日期:
2007-04-26
出版日期:
2008-11-09
发布日期:
2008-01-30
通讯作者:
张美俊,杨武德
作者简介:
E-mail: meijunz@126.com基金资助:
ZHANG Mei-Jun1(), YANG Wu-De1,*(), LI Yan-E2
Received:
2006-11-09
Accepted:
2007-04-26
Online:
2008-11-09
Published:
2008-01-30
Contact:
ZHANG Mei-Jun,YANG Wu-De
摘要:
在盆栽种植条件下,比较研究了两个转Bt基因棉(Gossypium hirsutum)与对照棉对根际土壤细菌、放线菌、真菌和主要功能类群及多样性的影响差异。结果表明:两个转Bt基因棉根际土壤均可检测到Bt蛋白,且不同转Bt基因棉根系分泌Bt蛋白量以及Bt蛋白在根际土壤中的降解率不同。与各自对照相比,转Bt基因棉对细菌和真菌生长繁殖有促进作用,对放线菌、好气固氮菌和钾细菌数量没有显著影响。苗期和花期转Bt基因棉均可显著提高氨化细菌、显著降低无机溶磷菌数量,花期均可显著提高好气纤维分解菌、显著降低有机溶磷菌数量,‘Bt冀668’苗期也可显著提高好气纤维分解菌数量。转Bt基因棉根际土壤好气纤维分解菌、有机和无机溶磷菌多度发生了变化。尽管功能类群总数转Bt基因棉高于各自对照常规棉,但群落多样性和均匀度都有所下降,优势集中性表现明显,且花期转Bt基因棉多样性参数值以及功能类群数量的变化幅度大于苗期。
张美俊, 杨武德, 李燕娥. 不同生育期转Bt基因棉种植对根际土壤微生物的影响. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(1): 197-203. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.023
ZHANG Mei-Jun, YANG Wu-De, LI Yan-E. EFFECTS OF Bt TRANSGENIC COTTONS PLANTING ON RHIZOSPHERE SOIL MICROORGANISMS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(1): 197-203. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.01.023
微生物 Microorganisms | 处理 Treatments | 苗期 Seedling | 蕾期 Budding | 花期 Flowering | 盛铃期 Bolling | 吐絮期 Boll-opening |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
细菌Bacteria (×106 cfu·g-1) | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 93.30±2.63b | 418.60±3.77a | 1078.63±9.70b | 749.28±4.77b | 356.20±7.11b |
‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 92.77±4.54b | 237.87±8.24b | 678.10±9.46d | 466.50±7.34d | 251.10±8.55c | |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 116.10±7.08a | 433.62±6.76a | 1209.73±8.04a | 884.27±6.34a | 457.73±5.51a | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 114.57±7.78a | 219.70±9.37c | 828.20±7.59c | 528.18±6.26c | 237.77±6.09c | |
放线菌Actinomycete (×105 cfu·g-1) | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 20.83±4.57 | 28.34±9.17 | 34.39±2.51 | 31.14±4.97 | 19.90±2.04 |
‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 24.26±2.14 | 26.36±2.33 | 35.41±4.04 | 32.46±5.63 | 18.90±3.21 | |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 21.27±5.11 | 22.81±5.28 | 34.94±9.19 | 32.85±5.47 | 21.30±1.15 | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 25.72±3.14 | 26.19±1.17 | 35.04±3.68 | 31.87±6.68 | 20.81±2.69 | |
真菌Fungi (×103 cfu·g-1) | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 4.32±0.48 | 11.57±1.15ab | 28.50±1.97a | 15.25±1.23a | 7.24±0.42b |
‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 4.23±0.56 | 10.77±1.01bc | 18.76±1.10c | 9.17±0.20b | 6.86±0.79ab | |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 4.21±0.49 | 13.15±1.46a | 25.74±1.90b | 16.42±1.16a | 9.58±1.00a | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 4.14±0.42 | 9.24±1.01c | 16.53±1.16c | 10.27±0.32b | 6.18±0.87b |
表1 不同生育期棉株根际土壤微生物数量(平均值±标准偏差)
Table 1 Populations of microorganisms in rhizosphere soil at different growth stages of cottons (Mean±SD)
微生物 Microorganisms | 处理 Treatments | 苗期 Seedling | 蕾期 Budding | 花期 Flowering | 盛铃期 Bolling | 吐絮期 Boll-opening |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
细菌Bacteria (×106 cfu·g-1) | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 93.30±2.63b | 418.60±3.77a | 1078.63±9.70b | 749.28±4.77b | 356.20±7.11b |
‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 92.77±4.54b | 237.87±8.24b | 678.10±9.46d | 466.50±7.34d | 251.10±8.55c | |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 116.10±7.08a | 433.62±6.76a | 1209.73±8.04a | 884.27±6.34a | 457.73±5.51a | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 114.57±7.78a | 219.70±9.37c | 828.20±7.59c | 528.18±6.26c | 237.77±6.09c | |
放线菌Actinomycete (×105 cfu·g-1) | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 20.83±4.57 | 28.34±9.17 | 34.39±2.51 | 31.14±4.97 | 19.90±2.04 |
‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 24.26±2.14 | 26.36±2.33 | 35.41±4.04 | 32.46±5.63 | 18.90±3.21 | |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 21.27±5.11 | 22.81±5.28 | 34.94±9.19 | 32.85±5.47 | 21.30±1.15 | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 25.72±3.14 | 26.19±1.17 | 35.04±3.68 | 31.87±6.68 | 20.81±2.69 | |
真菌Fungi (×103 cfu·g-1) | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 4.32±0.48 | 11.57±1.15ab | 28.50±1.97a | 15.25±1.23a | 7.24±0.42b |
‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 4.23±0.56 | 10.77±1.01bc | 18.76±1.10c | 9.17±0.20b | 6.86±0.79ab | |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 4.21±0.49 | 13.15±1.46a | 25.74±1.90b | 16.42±1.16a | 9.58±1.00a | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 4.14±0.42 | 9.24±1.01c | 16.53±1.16c | 10.27±0.32b | 6.18±0.87b |
生育期 Growth Stages | 处理 Treatments | 好气固氮菌 Aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria | 氨化细菌 Ammonifying bacteria | 好气纤维分解菌 Aerobic cellulose- decomposing bacteria | 有机溶磷菌 Organic phosphorus- solubilizing bacteria | 无机溶磷菌 Inorganic phosphorus- solubilizing bacteria | 钾细菌 Kalium- solubilizing bacteria |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苗期 | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 0.16±0.02 | 42.17±2.89b | 14.10±1.72ab | 0.99±0.10 | 10.58±1.16b | 14.74±0.79ab |
Seedling | ‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 0.15±0.02 | 30.37±0.74c | 12.31±1.19b | 1.08±0.09 | 16.92±2.68a | 13.29±2.10a |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 0.14±0.03 | 57.27±3.67a | 14.55±1.18a | 1.12±0.12 | 12.25±1.50b | 17.53±1.03a | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 0.15±0.01 | 45.30±2.62b | 8.74±0.37c | 1.16±0.20 | 18.78±2.46a | 16.70±1.95ab | |
花期 | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 0.70±0.17 | 95.43±7.67b | 35.81±1.78b | 2.51±0.57d | 16.34±3.09c | 31.49±0.97 |
Flowering | ‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 0.81±0.14 | 51.93±2.38d | 25.25±2.22c | 7.49±0.59b | 28.23±2.00b | 32.75±2.08 |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 0.75±0.14 | 111.53±3.47a | 46.42±2.29a | 3.50±0.58c | 21.65±2.53c | 33.47±2.09 | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 0.87±0.09 | 63.30±4.13c | 23.48±1.61c | 8.48±0.54a | 35.82±2.29a | 32.99±2.26 |
表2 不同生育期棉株根际土壤功能类群数量(平均值±标准偏差)
Table 2 Populations of functional groups in rhizosphere soil at different growth stages of cottons (×105 cfu·g-1)(Mean±SD)
生育期 Growth Stages | 处理 Treatments | 好气固氮菌 Aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria | 氨化细菌 Ammonifying bacteria | 好气纤维分解菌 Aerobic cellulose- decomposing bacteria | 有机溶磷菌 Organic phosphorus- solubilizing bacteria | 无机溶磷菌 Inorganic phosphorus- solubilizing bacteria | 钾细菌 Kalium- solubilizing bacteria |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
苗期 | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 0.16±0.02 | 42.17±2.89b | 14.10±1.72ab | 0.99±0.10 | 10.58±1.16b | 14.74±0.79ab |
Seedling | ‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 0.15±0.02 | 30.37±0.74c | 12.31±1.19b | 1.08±0.09 | 16.92±2.68a | 13.29±2.10a |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 0.14±0.03 | 57.27±3.67a | 14.55±1.18a | 1.12±0.12 | 12.25±1.50b | 17.53±1.03a | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 0.15±0.01 | 45.30±2.62b | 8.74±0.37c | 1.16±0.20 | 18.78±2.46a | 16.70±1.95ab | |
花期 | ‘Bt新彩1’BtXincai1 | 0.70±0.17 | 95.43±7.67b | 35.81±1.78b | 2.51±0.57d | 16.34±3.09c | 31.49±0.97 |
Flowering | ‘新彩1’Xincai1 | 0.81±0.14 | 51.93±2.38d | 25.25±2.22c | 7.49±0.59b | 28.23±2.00b | 32.75±2.08 |
‘Bt冀668’BtJi668 | 0.75±0.14 | 111.53±3.47a | 46.42±2.29a | 3.50±0.58c | 21.65±2.53c | 33.47±2.09 | |
‘冀668’Ji668 | 0.87±0.09 | 63.30±4.13c | 23.48±1.61c | 8.48±0.54a | 35.82±2.29a | 32.99±2.26 |
特征参数 Parameter of trait | 功能类群 Functional groups | 苗期 Seedling | 花期 Flowering | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
‘Bt新彩1’ BtXincai1 | ‘新彩1’ Xincai1 | ‘Bt冀668’ BtJi668 | ‘冀668’ Ji668 | ‘Bt新彩1’ BtXincai1 | ‘新彩1’ Xincai1 | ‘Bt冀668’ BtJi668 | ‘冀668’ Ji668 | |||
多度 Abundance (Pi) | 好气固氮菌 Aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.006 | |
氨化细菌 Ammonifying bacteria | 0.510 | 0.410 | 0.557 | 0.499 | 0.523 | 0.355 | 0.513 | 0.383 | ||
好气纤维分解菌 Aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria | 0.170 | 0.166 | 0.142 | 0.095 | 0.131 | 0.172 | 0.213 | 0.143 | ||
有机溶磷菌Organic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria | 0.012 | 0.015 | 0.011 | 0.013 | 0.080 | 0.051 | 0.016 | 0.051 | ||
无机溶磷菌Inorganic phosphorus- solubilizing bacteria | 0.128 | 0.228 | 0.119 | 0.207 | 0.090 | 0.193 | 0.101 | 0.217 | ||
钾细菌 Kalium-solubilizing bacteria | 0.178 | 0.179 | 0.170 | 0.184 | 0.173 | 0.224 | 0.154 | 0.200 | ||
总数量 Total individual No. (N) | 84.74 | 74.11 | 102.86 | 90.83 | 182.29 | 146.47 | 217.33 | 164.93 | ||
群落多样性 Community diversity (H) | 1.279 | 1.384 | 1.164 | 1.277 | 1.309 | 1.506 | 1.274 | 1.483 | ||
均匀度 Evenness (J) | 0.714 | 0.772 | 0.650 | 0.713 | 0.730 | 0.840 | 0.711 | 0.828 | ||
优势集中性 Concentration (C) | 0.337 | 0.280 | 0.373 | 0.335 | 0.335 | 0.246 | 0.342 | 0.257 |
表3 不同生育期棉株根际土壤功能类群多样性特征参数
Table 3 Parameters of functional groups diversity in rhizosphere soil at different growth stages of cottons
特征参数 Parameter of trait | 功能类群 Functional groups | 苗期 Seedling | 花期 Flowering | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
‘Bt新彩1’ BtXincai1 | ‘新彩1’ Xincai1 | ‘Bt冀668’ BtJi668 | ‘冀668’ Ji668 | ‘Bt新彩1’ BtXincai1 | ‘新彩1’ Xincai1 | ‘Bt冀668’ BtJi668 | ‘冀668’ Ji668 | |||
多度 Abundance (Pi) | 好气固氮菌 Aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.006 | 0.003 | 0.006 | |
氨化细菌 Ammonifying bacteria | 0.510 | 0.410 | 0.557 | 0.499 | 0.523 | 0.355 | 0.513 | 0.383 | ||
好气纤维分解菌 Aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria | 0.170 | 0.166 | 0.142 | 0.095 | 0.131 | 0.172 | 0.213 | 0.143 | ||
有机溶磷菌Organic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria | 0.012 | 0.015 | 0.011 | 0.013 | 0.080 | 0.051 | 0.016 | 0.051 | ||
无机溶磷菌Inorganic phosphorus- solubilizing bacteria | 0.128 | 0.228 | 0.119 | 0.207 | 0.090 | 0.193 | 0.101 | 0.217 | ||
钾细菌 Kalium-solubilizing bacteria | 0.178 | 0.179 | 0.170 | 0.184 | 0.173 | 0.224 | 0.154 | 0.200 | ||
总数量 Total individual No. (N) | 84.74 | 74.11 | 102.86 | 90.83 | 182.29 | 146.47 | 217.33 | 164.93 | ||
群落多样性 Community diversity (H) | 1.279 | 1.384 | 1.164 | 1.277 | 1.309 | 1.506 | 1.274 | 1.483 | ||
均匀度 Evenness (J) | 0.714 | 0.772 | 0.650 | 0.713 | 0.730 | 0.840 | 0.711 | 0.828 | ||
优势集中性 Concentration (C) | 0.337 | 0.280 | 0.373 | 0.335 | 0.335 | 0.246 | 0.342 | 0.257 |
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