距树干不同距离处华北落叶松人工林细根生物量分布特征及季节变化

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

该文研究了华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)人工林细根生物量水平分布和季节变化特征。采用钻土芯法(土钻内径7.0 cm), 在距树干20、50和100 cm处设取样点, 每个样点处分3层(0~10、11~20和21~30 cm)钻取土芯, 取样时间为5、7、9和10月。华北落叶松人工林细根(≤2 mm)生物量全年平均值为224.89 g·m^-2, 在水平分布上表现为100 cm处细根生物量最大(244.20 g·m^-2), 其次为20 cm处(221.03 g·m^-2), 50 cm处最少(209.45 g·m^-2)。在0~30 cm土层, 总细根(包括活跟和死根)生物量季节变化范围在169.67~263.09 g·m^-2之间, 9月细根生物量最大, 5月细根生物量最少。0~10 cm土层细根生物量季节变化差异显著(p<0.05), 11~20和21~30 cm差异不显著(p>0.05)。距树干100和20 cm处(0~10 cm土层), 细根生物量的季节变化差异明显(p<0.05), 9月总细根生物量最大(172.82和185.68 g·m^-2), 5月总细根生物量最少(69.28和73.47 g·m^-2); 50 cm处季节变化差异不明显(p>0.05)。细根生物量分布和季节变化不仅受土壤垂直格局影响同时也与距树干不同水平距离有很大的关系。

关键词: 细根生物量, 人工林, 水平分布, 季节变化

Abstract:

Aims Root systems are important in carbon and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystem. There is much research on vertical distribution and seasonal dynamics of fine root biomass; however, horizontal distribution and seasonal dynamics at different horizontal distances remain poorly understood. Our objectives are to determine how fine root biomass and seasonal dynamics of fine root biomass change with horizontal distance.

Methods The study was conducted in a 28-year-old Larix principis-Rupprechtii plantation in Guandi Mountain (110°30′ E, 37°28′ N) in Shanxi Province, China. Soil cores (30.0 cm depth, 7.0 cm diameter) were taken in May, July, September and October,2004, at different horizontal distances (100, 50 and 20 cm) from the stem. Soil cores were separated into 3 sections, 0-10, 11-20 and 21-30 cm. Fine roots (≤2 mm) were separated into live and dead, and live fine roots were classified into two categories, ≤1 and 1-2 mm. Roots were dried at 80^oC to constant mass for weighing.

Important findings The biomass of fine roots was 244.20, 209.45 and 221.03 g·m^-2at 100, 50 and 20 cm, respectively, and differences were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Total fine root biomass changed from 169.67 to 263.09 g·m^-2. Differences were larger at 0-10 cm depth than at 11-20 and 21-30 cm. Seasonal dynamics of fine root biomass changed significantly in the 0-10 cm layer (p<0.05), and it changed more at the 100 and 20 cm distances rather than at 50 cm. Horizontal differences in fine roots likely resulted from tree crowns causing heterogeneous illumination, soil water, temperature and nutrients. The study indicates that combined and integrated horizontal distribution factors should be considered in research on spatial distribution and seasonal dynamics of fine roots.

Key words: fine root biomass, plantation, horizontal distribution, seasonal dynamics

杨秀云, 韩有志, 张芸香. 距树干不同距离处华北落叶松人工林细根生物量分布特征及季节变化. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(6): 1277-1284. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.008

YANG Xiu-Yun, HAN You-Zhi, ZHANG Yun-Xiang. EFFECTS OF HORIZONTAL DISTANCE ON FINE ROOT BIOMASS AND SEASONAL DYNAMICS IN LARIX PRINCIPIS-RUPPRECHTIIPLANTATION. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(6): 1277-1284. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.008

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.06.008

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I6/1277

图/表 7

参考文献 28

[1]	Chen GS (陈光水), Yang YS (杨玉盛), He ZM (何宗明), Xie JS (谢锦升), Gao R (高人), Zeng HD (曾宏达) (2005). Effects of proximity of stems and tree diameters on fine root density in plantations. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 25,1007-1011. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	Cheng YH (程云环), Han YZ (韩有志), Wang QC (王庆成), Wang ZQ (王正权) (2005). Seasonal dynamics of fine root biomass, root length density, specific root length and soil resource availability in a Larix gmelini plantation. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 29,403-410. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Edit Committee of Shanxi Forest (山西森林编辑委员会) (1992). Shanxi Forest(山西森林). Chinese Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[4]	Farrish KW (1991). Spatial and temporal fine-root distribution in three Louisiana forest soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55,1752-1757.
[5]	Geng YQ (耿玉清), Shan HC (单宏臣), Tan X (谭笑), Sun XY (孙向阳) (2002). Soils in forest gaps in artificial coniferous forests. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 24,16-19. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	Gill RA, Jackson RB (2000). Global patterns of root turnover for terrestrial ecosystems. New Phytologist, 147,13-31.
[7]	Guo ZL (郭忠玲), Zheng JP (郑金萍), Ma YD (马元丹), Han SJ (韩士杰) (2006). A preliminary study on fine root biomass and dynamics of woody plants in several major forest communities of Changbai Mountain, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 26,2855-2862. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	Hendrick RL, Pregitzer KS (1996). Temporal and depth related patterns of fine root dynamics in northern hard wood forest. Journal of Ecology, 84,167-176.
[9]	Hendrick RL, Pregitzer KS (1997). The relationship between fine root demography and the soil environment in northern hardwood forests. Ecoscience, 4,99-105.
[10]	Huang JH (黄建辉), Han XG (韩兴国), Chen LZ (陈灵芝) (1999). Advances in the research of fine root biomass in forest ecosystems. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 19,270-277. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	Hutchings MJ, John EA (2003). Distribution of roots in soil, and root foraging activity. In: Kroon HD, Visser EJW eds.Root Ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, 61-83.
[12]	Idol TW, Pope PE, Ponder F Jr (2000). Fine root dynamics across chromo sequence of upland temperate deciduous forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 127,153-167.
[13]	Kleb HR, Wilson SD (1999). Scales of heterogeneity in prairie and forest. Canadian Journal of Botany, 77,370-376.
[14]	Li LH (李凌浩), Lin P (林鹏), Xing XR (邢雪荣) (1998). Fine root biomass and production of Castanopsis eyrei forests in Wuyi Mountains. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 9,337-340. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]	Liao LP (廖利平), Deng SJ (邓仕坚), Yu XJ (于小军) (2001). Growth distribution and exudation of fine root of Chinese fir trees grown in continuously cropped plantations. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 21,569-573. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[16]	Olsthoorn AFM, Klap JM,Oude Voshaar JH (1999). The relation between fine root density and proximity of stems in closed Douglas-fir plantations on homogenous sandy soils: implication for sampling design. Plant and Soil, 211,215-221.
[17]	Persson H (1980). Spatial distribution of fine-root growth, mortality and decomposition in a young Scots pine stand in central Sweden. Oikos, 34,77-87.
[18]	Pregitzer KS, King JS, Burton AJ (2000). Response of tree fine roots to temperature. New Phytologist, 147,105-115.
[19]	Pregitzer KS, Deforest JL, Burton AJ, Allen MF, Ruess RW, Hendrich RL (2002). Fine root architecture of nine North American trees. Ecological Monographs, 72,293-309.
[20]	Pregitzer KS, Zak DR, Maziasz J (2000). Interactive effects of atmospheric CO ₂ and soil-N availability on fine root of populous tremuloides. Ecological Applications, 10,18-33.
[21]	Pregitzer KS (2003). Woody plants, carbon allocation and fine roots. New Phytologist, 158,421-424.
[22]	Shi JW (史建伟), Wang MB (王孟本), Yu LZ (于立忠), Zhang YP (张育平) (2007). Effects of soil available nitrogen and related factors on plant fine root. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 26,1634-1639. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]	Xiao Y (肖扬), Yang P (杨鹏), Chen LN (陈林娜), Han YZ (韩有志) (1994). Biomass and production in Larix principis-rupprechtii forest in Pangquangou Natural Reserve in Shanxi. In: Li BS (李渤生), Zhan ZY (詹志勇) eds. A Green East Asia (绿满东亚). China Environmental Science Press, Beijing, 560-572. (in Chinese)
[24]	Vogt KA, Grier CC, Vogt DJ (1986). Production, turnover and nutrient dynamics of above and belowground detritus of world forests. Advances in Ecological Research, 15,303-378.
[25]	Vogt KA, Vogt DJ, Palmiotto PA, Boon P, O’Hara J, Asbjornsen H (1995). Review of root dynamics in forest ecosystems grouped by climate, climatic forest type and species. Plant and Soil, 187,159-219.
[26]	Volker B, Leuschner C (1994). Spatial and temporal patterned of fine root abundance in a mixed oak-beech forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 70,11-21.
[27]	Wen DZ (温达志), Wei P (魏平), Kong GH (孔国辉), Ye WH (叶万辉) (1999). Production and turnover rate of fine roots in two lower subtropical forest sites at Dinghushan. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 23,361-369. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[28]	Zhang XQ (张小全) (2001). Fine root biomass, production and turnover of trees in relations to environmental conditions. Forest Research (林业科学研究), 14,566-573. (in Chinese with English abstract)

取样深 Soil depth (cm)	全氮 Total N (%)	全磷 Total P (%)	速效钾 Available K (%)	有机质 Organic matter (%)
5~20	0.355	0.070	0.246	8.217
20~43	0.281	0.054	0.144	6.412

取样深 Soil depth (cm)	全氮 Total N (%)	全磷 Total P (%)	速效钾 Available K (%)	有机质 Organic matter (%)
5~20	0.355	0.070	0.246	8.217
20~43	0.281	0.054	0.144	6.412

样地号 Plot No.	冠幅 Crown (m)	密度 Stem density (stem·hm^-2)	平均树高 Mean height (m)	平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm)
Plot 1	2.02	492	9.6	14.3
Plot 2	2.06	495	9.5	14.2
Plot 3	1.92	487	9.7	14.6

样地号 Plot No.	冠幅 Crown (m)	密度 Stem density (stem·hm^-2)	平均树高 Mean height (m)	平均胸径 Mean DBH (cm)
Plot 1	2.02	492	9.6	14.3
Plot 2	2.06	495	9.5	14.2
Plot 3	1.92	487	9.7	14.6

细根类型 Fine root class	变异来源 Source of variance	自由度 df	均方 MS	F	p
≤1 mm LFR	距离 Distance	2	1 431.631	1.356	0.259
	土层深度 Soil depth	2	95 860.049	90.789	0.000
	时间 Dates	3	6 651.978	6.300	0.000
	距离×土层深度 Distance×Soil depth	4	1 175.629	1.113	0.350
	距离×时间 Distance×Dates	6	1 015.787	0.962	0.451
	土层深度×时间 Soil depth×Dates	6	5 126.031	4.855	0.000
	距离×土层深度×时间 Distance×Soil depth×Dates	12	661.172	0.626	0.819
1~2 mm LFR	距离 Distance	2	3.144E+07	1.254	0.287
	土层深度 Soil depth	2	3.167E+07	1.263	0.284
	时间 Dates	3	3.122E+07	1.245	0.294
	距离×土层深度 Distance×Soil depth	4	3.113E+07	1.242	0.293
	距离×时间 Distance×Dates	6	3.1023E+07	1.237	0.287
	土层深度×时间 Soil depth×Dates	6	3.0783E+07	1.228	0.292
	距离×土层深度×时间 Distance×Soil depth×Dates	12	3.041E+07	1.213	0.273
≤2 mm DFR	距离 Distance	2	2.168E+08	0.974	0.379
	土层深度 Soil depth	2	2.166E+08	0.973	0.379
	时间 Dates	3	2.161E+08	0.970	0.407
	距离×土层深度 Distance×Soil depth	4	2.174E+08	0.977	0.421
	距离×时间 Distance×Dates	6	2.148E+08	0.965	0.449
	土层深度×时间 Soil depth×Dates	6	2.180E+08	0.979	0.440
	距离×土层深度×时间 Distance×Soil depth×Dates	12	2.169E+08	0.974	0.474