刈割干扰和养分添加条件下Epichloë内生真菌感染对羽茅所在群落多样性和生产力的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0242

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Epichloë内生真菌感染能够影响宿主植物的种内和种间竞争力, 但目前关于内生真菌感染对宿主植物所在群落多样性和生产力影响的研究较少。该研究以感染(E+)和不感染(E-)内生真菌的羽茅(Achnatherum sibiricum)及其原生境中常见的5种植物构建人工群落, 探究在不同养分水平和刈割条件下内生真菌对宿主植物群落的影响。结果表明: 内生真菌对宿主植物群落多样性的影响同刈割与否有关。在无刈割条件下, 内生真菌感染对宿主群落多样性无显著影响; 在刈割条件下, 内生真菌感染显著增加了宿主群落的多样性, 其原因在于内生真菌感染显著增加了群落中多度较小的冰草(Agropyron cristatum)和大针茅(Stipa grandis)等的多度, 而显著降低了优势种羊草(Leymus chinensis)的多度。内生真菌感染对群落生产力未见显著影响。研究发现养分添加对内生真菌作用的影响只出现在宿主植物水平, 而对宿主植物所在群落未产生显著影响, 内生真菌对宿主羽茅的促进作用只出现在养分添加条件下。

关键词: 内生真菌, 羽茅, 群落多样性, 生产力, 多度

Abstract: Aims

Epichloë infection can affect the intraspecific and interspecific competitive ability of the host plants. However, few studies have been reported on the effects of endophyte infection on the diversity and productivity of host communities.

Methods

We used endophyte-infected (E+) and uninfected (E-) Achnatherum sibiricum, plus five other common species in its native community to construct a microcosm plant community to investigate the community-level consequences of endophyte interactions under different nutrient and mowing treatments.

Important findings

Community-level consequences of endophyte infection depend on the mowing treatment. Endophyte infection did not alter plant community diversity under non-mowing conditions. Under mowing conditions, however, endophyte infection significantly increased the diversity by increasing the abundance of lower abundance species such as Agropyron cristatum and Stipa grandis, while decreasing the abundance of dominant species such as Leymus chinensis. No significant endophyte effect on the productivity of plant community was found. With respect to nutrient treatments, we found that nutrient addition had no significant effect either on the diversity or productivity of the plant community. The positive effect of endophyte on A. sibiricum occurred only under nutrient addition treatment in the host species level.

Key words: fungal endophyte, Achnatherum sibiricum, community diversity, productivity, abundance

吴曼, 李娟娟, 刘金铭, 任安芝, 高玉葆. 刈割干扰和养分添加条件下Epichloë内生真菌感染对羽茅所在群落多样性和生产力的影响. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(2): 85-93. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0242

WU Man, LI Juan-Juan, LIU Jin-Ming, REN An-Zhi, GAO Yu-Bao. Effects of Epichloë infection on the diversity and productivity of Achnatherum sibiricum community under various nutrient and mowing conditions. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(2): 85-93. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0242

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0242

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2019/V43/I2/85

图/表 5

图1 在无刈割处理(M-)和刈割处理(M+)条件下内生真菌感染对宿主群落多样性的影响(平均值+标准误差, n = 5)。E+, 内生真菌感染; E-, 内生真菌不感染。**, p < 0.01; ns, p > 0.05。

Fig. 1 Effects of endophyte infection on Shannon’s diversity index of host plant communities under no-mowing (M-) and mowing (M+) conditions (mean + SE, n = 5). E+, endophyte- infected; E-, endophyte-uninfected. **, p < 0.01; ns, p > 0.05.

图2 内生真菌感染和氮添加对宿主群落地上生物量的影响(平均值+标准误差, n = 5)。E+, 内生真菌感染; E-, 无内生真菌感染; N-, 无氮添加; N+, 氮添加。不同小写字母表示E+、E-植物群落间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of endophyte infection and nitrogen addition on the aboveground shoot biomass of host plant communities (mean + SE, n = 5). E+, endophyte-infected; E-, endophyte- uninfected; N-, no-nitrogen addition; N+, nitrogen addition. Different lowercase letters mean significant difference between E+ and E- plants community (p < 0.05).

图3 在无刈割处理(M-)和刈割处理(M+)条件下内生真菌感染对物种多度的影响(平均值+标准误差, n = 5)。E+, 内生真菌感染; E-, 无内生真菌感染。AC, 冰草; AF, 冷蒿; AS, 羽茅; CS, 糙隐子草; LC, 羊草; SG, 大针茅。星号表示E+、E-植物群落间差异显著, *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 3 Effects of endophyte infection on the species abundance under no-mowing (M-) and mowing (M+) conditions (mean + SE, n = 5). E+, endophyte-infected; E-, endophyte- uninfected. AC, Agropyron cristatum; AF, Artemisia frigida; AS, Achnatherum sibiricum; CS, Cleistogenes squarrosa; LC, Leymus chinensis; SG, Stipa grandis. The asterisk denotes significant difference between E+ and E- plants, *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

图4 不同处理条件下内生真菌感染对羊草(A)和羽茅(B-D)多度的影响。B, 氮添加。C, 磷添加。D, 刈割处理(平均值+标准误差, n = 5)。E-, 无内生真菌感染; E+, 内生真菌感染; M-, 无刈割处理; M+, 刈割处理; N-, 无氮添加; N+, 氮添加; P-, 无磷添加; P+, 磷添加。不同小写字母表示E+、E-植物群落间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Effects of endophyte infection on the abundance of Leymus chinensis (A) and Achnatherum sibiricum (B-D). B, nitrogen addition. C, phosphorus addition. D, mowing treatment (mean + SE, n = 5). E-, endophyte-uninfected; E+, endophyte-infected; M-, no-mowing; M+, mowing; N-, no-nitrogen addition; N+, nitrogen addition; P-, no-phosphorus addition; P+, phosphorus addition. Different lowercase letters denote significant difference between E+ and E- plants (p < 0.05).

图5 磷添加对土壤(A)和优势种(B-D)磷浓度的影响。B, 羽茅。C, 羊草。D, 冷蒿(平均值+标准误差, n = 5)。E-, 无内生真菌感染; E+, 内生真菌感染; P-, 无磷添加; P+, 磷添加。***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 5 Effects of phosphorus addition on P concentration of the soil (A) and dominant plant species (B-D). B, Achnatherum sibiricum. C, Leymus chinensis. D, Artemisia frigida (mean + SE, n = 5). E-, endophyte-uninfected; E+, endophyte-infected; P-, no-phosphorus addition; P+, phosphorus addition. ***, p < 0.001.

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