冬小麦生境中土壤养分对凋落物碳氮释放的影响

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤养分影响植物生长, 进而影响凋落物质量和产量; 凋落物质量和产量影响凋落物分解过程。基于一个生长实验和一个相同环境分解实验, 研究了冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)生境中养分可利用性对凋落物碳(C)和氮(N)释放的影响。结果显示: (1)冬小麦凋落物产量、叶/根C:N比、C释放量和N释放量随土壤养分梯度呈单调变化; (2)土壤养分影响叶凋落物丢失率而不影响根凋落物丢失率; (3)初始叶/根C:N比与其C、N释放量之间存在负相关关系; (4)分解过程降低叶C:N比和根C:N比。结果表明: 生境中土壤养分的提高可加速凋落物C、N归还, 这反过来可能促进冬小麦生长, 因此这种效应是正反馈; 初始C:N比可预测凋落物C、N释放量。

关键词: C:N比, 碳氮归还, 凋落物分解, 土壤养分可利用性, 冬小麦

Abstract:

Aims Our objective is to test whether C and N releases in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) litter change monotonically or unimodally with soil nutrients in its habitats.

Methods We conducted a growth experiment where winter wheat was subjected to 6-level nutrient regimes and a common garden decomposition experiment. We determined initial C:N ratios of live tissues, biomass loss of litters, C:N ratios of remaining litter, and the amounts of C and N releases. We analyzed correlations between initial C:N ratios and C/N release or between C:N ratios. All data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 and R 2.9.1.

Important findings Litterfall, initial leaf/root C:N ratios, C:N ratios of remaining litter, and C and N releases changed monotonically along a soil nutrient gradient. Soil nutrients had significant effects on biomass loss of leaves, but not of roots. There were negative correlations between initial leaf/root C:N ratios and C and N releases. Initial leaf/root C:N ratios were strongly and positively correlated with C:N ratios of remaining litter. These findings suggest that (1) increased soil nutrients surrounding winter wheat plants enhance C and N return in litter, thereby being beneficial to its growth, (2) C:N ratios indicate the potential amounts of C and N releases, and (3) decomposition processes decrease C:N ratios in remaining litter.

Key words: C:N ratio, C and N return, litter decomposition, soil nutrient availability, Triticum aestivum

申艳, 杨慧玲, 何维明. 冬小麦生境中土壤养分对凋落物碳氮释放的影响. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(5): 498-504. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.05.003

SHEN Yan, YANG Hui-Ling, HE Wei-Ming. Nutrient availability in habitats affects carbon and nitrogen releases of litter in winter wheat. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(5): 498-504. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.05.003

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2010.05.003

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2010/V34/I5/498

图/表 4

图1 生长实验中冬小麦活叶或活根C:N随土壤养分梯度的变化(A), 分解实验中残留叶或根C:N随土壤养分梯度的变化(B)。相同组织中不同字母表示在0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 1 Changes in C:N ratios of live leaf and root tissues in winter wheat along a soil nutrient gradient (A), and changes in C:N ratios of remaining leaf and root litter in winter wheat along a soil nutrient gradient (B). The different letters within an organ are significantly different at p = 0.05.

图2 冬小麦叶或根凋落物生物量丢失率(A)、N释放量(B)和C释放量(C)随土壤养分梯度变化。相同组织中不同字母表示在0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 2 Changes in biomass loss with decomposition (A), N release (B), and C release (C) of leaves and roots in winter wheat along a soil nutrient gradient. The different letters within an organ are significantly different at p = 0.05.

图3 冬小麦初始叶C:N比与叶氮释放(A)和叶碳释放(B)的关系, 冬小麦初始根C:N比与根氮释放(C)和根碳释放(D)的关系。

Fig. 3 Correlations between initial leaf C:N and leaf N release (A), between initial leaf C:N and leaf C release (B), between initial root C:N and root N release (C), or between initial root C:N and root C release (D) in winter wheat.

图4 冬小麦初始叶或根C:N比与残留叶或根C:N比的关系。图中虚线斜率为1。

Fig. 4 Relationships between initial C:N ratios of leaves or roots and C:N ratios of remaining litter in winter wheat. The slope of the dotted line equals to 1.

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