云南元谋不同海拔土壤微生物对车桑子碳、氮、磷化学计量特征及土壤特性的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2016.0267

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

了解不同气候下土壤微生物对植物生态化学计量特征的影响有利于理解未来温度变化下植物与土壤的相互关系。该文以车桑子(Dodonaea viscosa)为研究对象, 从云南省元谋县两个海拔区采集车桑子根际土壤样品, 并设定相应的两个温度处理, 通过微生物灭菌和接种处理, 测定了车桑子叶片养分及其所在的土壤特性, 研究了温度、微生物及温度与微生物的交互作用对车桑子的碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量特征的影响, 分析其N、P养分特征与土壤特性间的关系。研究结果表明: 相比于灭菌处理, 两个海拔区的土壤微生物对车桑子养分吸收都有促进作用, 对P的促进作用极为显著。温度对车桑子C、N、P化学计量特征无显著影响, 但温度与微生物的交互作用对车桑子的C、N、P化学计量特征有显著影响。这种交互作用主要体现在: 在接种高海拔区土壤微生物的处理中, 温度没有显著影响车桑子的C、N、P化学计量特征, 而在接种低海拔区土壤微生物的处理中, 相比于高温条件, 低温显著抑制了车桑子对N、P的养分吸收。土壤微生物对养分吸收的促进作用可能源于其中有益微生物(如丛枝菌根真菌)的直接促进作用, 而并非是通过土壤微生物的养分循环过程。由于接种微生物处理使车桑子从土壤中吸收了更多的N、P, 从而使该处理的土壤有效N、P显著低于灭菌处理。在元谋干热河谷未来气温变凉的情况下, 由于土壤微生物对植物的反馈作用, 该区车桑子的生长可能会受到一定的抑制。

关键词: 生态化学计量, 土壤微生物, 植物-土壤反馈, 气候变化, 车桑子

Abstract:

Aims Understanding the effects of soil microorganism at different elevations on plant C:N:P stoichiometry can help us to understand the plant-soil interactions in the context of climate change. Our aim was to quantify the independent and interactive effects of soil microbial communities and temperatures on the C, N, and P in the leaves of Dodonaea viscosa—a global widespread species. Methods Rhizosphere soils of D. viscosa were collected from two elevation zones in Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province. A 2 × 3 factorial experiment with six replications was conducted using climate chambers. The leaf C, N and P contents and the soil properties were measured after three months of the treatments. Important findings Compared with the autoclaved treatment, inoculated rhizosphere soils from both high and low elevations had higher nutrient absorption, especially P uptake. Temperature produced no significant effect on leaf C:N:P stoichiometry, but the interactive effect of temperature and microbial treatment appeared significant. For inoculated rhizosphere soils from high elevation, temperature had no significant effect on leaf C:N:P stoichiometry. For inoculated rhizosphere soils from low elevation, leaf N and P contents under low temperature were significantly lower than those with warmer soils. The promoting effect of soil microorganisms on nutrient uptake may be due to the direct effect of beneficial microorganisms (e.g., mycorrhizal fungi), but not through the alteration of nutrient cycling process. Because D. viscosa in the inoculated rhizosphere soils absorbed more N and P from the soil than those in autoclaved soil, the available N and P in inoculated rhizosphere soils were lower than those in autoclaved soils. As predicted future temperature will be lower in the studied region, the growth of D. viscosa may be negatively affected through plant-microbe feedbacks.

Key words: ecological stoichiometry, soil microorganisms, plant-soil feedback, climate change, Dodonaea viscosa

王雪梅, 闫帮国, 赵广, 史亮涛, 刘刚才, 方海东. 云南元谋不同海拔土壤微生物对车桑子碳、氮、磷化学计量特征及土壤特性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(3): 311-324. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0267

Xue-Mei WANG, Bang-Guo YAN, Guang ZHAO, Liang-Tao SHI, Gang-Cai LIU, Hai-Dong FANG. Effects of microorganism on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of Dodonaea viscosa and the soils from different elevations in Yuanmou, Yunnan, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(3): 311-324. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0267

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2017/V41/I3/311

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序号 No.	微生物标记 Sign of microorganism	高海拔区 High elevation	低海拔区 Low elevation	序号 No.	微生物标记 Sign of microorganism	高海拔区 High elevation	低海拔区 Low elevation
1	13:0	0	0.144 3	20	16:0 iso	0.725 0	0.601 9
2	14:0	0.176 6	0.193 1	21	16:1 2OH	0.237 6	0.247 6
3	16:0	1.990 0	1.078 4	22	16:1 iso G	0.079 4	0
4	17:0	0.133 7	0	23	16:1 w5c	0.349 2	0.099 7
5	18:0	0.506 1	0.276 7	24	16:1 w9c	0.074 1	0
6	19:0	1.250 0	1.250 0	25	17:0 10-methyl	0.235 5	0.249 9
7	20:0	0.065 0	0	26	17:0 anteiso	0.353 3	0.281 5
8	10:0 2OH	0.098 0	0	27	17:0 cyclo	0.299 3	0.127 2
9	11:0 iso	0.101 3	0	28	17:0 iso	0.299 1	0.230 2
10	11:0 iso 3OH	0	0.508 3	29	17:1 w8c	0.141 5	0
11	12:0 iso 3OH	0	0.148 5	30	17:1 w9c	0	0.115 3
12	13:0 iso	0.139 4	0	31	18:0 10-methyl, TBSA	0.470 5	0.302 5
13	14:0 iso	0.038 8	0	32	18:0 iso	0	0.118 3
14	14:1 w5c	0.085 5	0	33	18:1 w5c	0.289 0	0
15	15:0 3OH	0.114 8	0	34	18:1 w7c 11-methyl	0.143 1	0
16	15:0 anteiso	0.482 6	0.250 1	35	18:1 w9c	1.157 0	0.648 0
17	15:0 iso	1.107 4	0.531 1	36	18:3 w6c (6,9,12)	0.096 0	0
18	15:1 iso G	0.060 3	0	37	19:0 cyclo w8c	0.636 1	0.264 8
19	16:0 2OH	0.060 2	0

序号 No.	微生物标记 Sign of microorganism	高海拔区 High elevation	低海拔区 Low elevation	序号 No.	微生物标记 Sign of microorganism	高海拔区 High elevation	低海拔区 Low elevation
1	13:0	0	0.144 3	20	16:0 iso	0.725 0	0.601 9
2	14:0	0.176 6	0.193 1	21	16:1 2OH	0.237 6	0.247 6
3	16:0	1.990 0	1.078 4	22	16:1 iso G	0.079 4	0
4	17:0	0.133 7	0	23	16:1 w5c	0.349 2	0.099 7
5	18:0	0.506 1	0.276 7	24	16:1 w9c	0.074 1	0
6	19:0	1.250 0	1.250 0	25	17:0 10-methyl	0.235 5	0.249 9
7	20:0	0.065 0	0	26	17:0 anteiso	0.353 3	0.281 5
8	10:0 2OH	0.098 0	0	27	17:0 cyclo	0.299 3	0.127 2
9	11:0 iso	0.101 3	0	28	17:0 iso	0.299 1	0.230 2
10	11:0 iso 3OH	0	0.508 3	29	17:1 w8c	0.141 5	0
11	12:0 iso 3OH	0	0.148 5	30	17:1 w9c	0	0.115 3
12	13:0 iso	0.139 4	0	31	18:0 10-methyl, TBSA	0.470 5	0.302 5
13	14:0 iso	0.038 8	0	32	18:0 iso	0	0.118 3
14	14:1 w5c	0.085 5	0	33	18:1 w5c	0.289 0	0
15	15:0 3OH	0.114 8	0	34	18:1 w7c 11-methyl	0.143 1	0
16	15:0 anteiso	0.482 6	0.250 1	35	18:1 w9c	1.157 0	0.648 0
17	15:0 iso	1.107 4	0.531 1	36	18:3 w6c (6,9,12)	0.096 0	0
18	15:1 iso G	0.060 3	0	37	19:0 cyclo w8c	0.636 1	0.264 8
19	16:0 2OH	0.060 2	0

测定土壤 Measured soil	pH	碱解氮 Available nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	总氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	总磷Total phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	总钾 Total potassium (g·kg^-1)
低海拔根际土 Rhizosphere soil from low elevation	7.26	46.603	21.909	86.731	9.352	0.198	0.268	22.961
高海拔根际土 Rhizosphere soil from high elevation	6.69	97.184	24.309	123.600	17.580	0.517	0.287	20.934
盆栽基土 Potting medium	6.22	84.112	20.085	130.483	15.805	0.384	0.251	21.234

测定土壤 Measured soil	pH	碱解氮 Available nitrogen (mg·kg^-1)	有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg^-1)	速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg^-1)	有机质 Organic matter (g·kg^-1)	总氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg^-1)	总磷Total phosphorus (g·kg^-1)	总钾 Total potassium (g·kg^-1)
低海拔根际土 Rhizosphere soil from low elevation	7.26	46.603	21.909	86.731	9.352	0.198	0.268	22.961
高海拔根际土 Rhizosphere soil from high elevation	6.69	97.184	24.309	123.600	17.580	0.517	0.287	20.934
盆栽基土 Potting medium	6.22	84.112	20.085	130.483	15.805	0.384	0.251	21.234

变量 Variables	微生物 Microorganism		温度 Temperature		微生物×温度 Microorganism × temperature
变量 Variables	F	p	F	p	F	p
C	3.611	0.039	4.620	0.040	7.789	0.002
N	4.396	0.021	0.673	0.418	5.557	0.009
P	9.353	0.001	0.065	0.801	46.909	<0.001
C:N	5.610	0.009	0.428	0.518	6.123	0.006
C:P	15.642	<0.001	2.168	0.151	47.482	<0.001
N:P	8.354	0.001	3.194	0.084	27.180	<0.001