Stomatal characteristics of ferns and angiosperms and their responses to changing light intensity at different habitats

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00081

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Stomata are critical in controlling the exchange of water vapour and carbon dioxide and maintaining the balance between plant water and carbon relations. Here, we investigated the effects of habitat (open and understory) and plant type (ferns and angiosperms) on stomatal morphology and stomatal responses to changing light intensity.
Methods We measured stomatal morphology and stomatal conductance in response to transitions in light intensity in five ferns and four angiosperms from different habitats. To increase the sample size, we also collected data on stomatal characteristics for 45 ferns and 70 angiosperms from published studies.
Important findings For all the nine species, the plants in open-habitat had significantly greater stomatal density, shorter stomatal length and greater sensitivity to decreasing light intensity than those in the understory, but the effect of plant type was not significant. Combined analysis with published data indicated that the effects of both habitat and plant type on stomatal morphology were significant. As stomatal sensitivity was closely linked to stomatal morphology, more and smaller stomata might enable angiosperms to respond more quickly to environmental perturbations than ferns. We conclude that both habitat and plant type affect the stomatal response to light.

Key words: fern, habitat, light intensity, stomatal density, stomatal length, stomatal conductance

XIONG Hui, MA Cheng-En, LI Le, ZENG Hui, GUO Da-Li. Stomatal characteristics of ferns and angiosperms and their responses to changing light intensity at different habitats[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(8): 868-877.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00081

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2014/V38/I8/868

Figures/Tables 9

References 49

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物种 Species	植物类型 Plant type	生境 Habitat	缩写 Abbreviations	高度 Height (m)
芒萁 Dicranopteris pedata	蕨类植物 Fern	开阔 Open	Dp	0.78 ± 0.09
菜蕨 Callipteris esculenta	蕨类植物 Fern	开阔 Open	Ce	1.13 ± 0.09
长叶铁角蕨 Asplenium prolongatum	蕨类植物 Fern	林下 Understory	Ap	0.34 ± 0.01
福建观音座莲 Angiopteris fokiensis	蕨类植物 Fern	林下 Understory	Af	1.85 ± 0.09
狗脊 Woodwardia japonica	蕨类植物 Fern	林下 Understory	Wj	0.94 ± 0.09
少花柏拉木 Blastus pauciflorus	被子植物 Angiosperm	开阔 Open	Bp	1.02 ± 0.09
三叶地锦 Parthenocissus semicordata	被子植物 Angiosperm	林下 Understory	Ps	藤本 Alina
对叶楼梯草 Elatostema sinense	被子植物 Angiosperm	林下 Understory	Es	0.55 ± 0.03
心叶毛蕊茶 Camellia cordifolia	被子植物 Angiosperm	林下 Understory	Cc	3.43 ± 0.54

物种 Species	植物类型 Plant type	生境 Habitat	缩写 Abbreviations	高度 Height (m)
芒萁 Dicranopteris pedata	蕨类植物 Fern	开阔 Open	Dp	0.78 ± 0.09
菜蕨 Callipteris esculenta	蕨类植物 Fern	开阔 Open	Ce	1.13 ± 0.09
长叶铁角蕨 Asplenium prolongatum	蕨类植物 Fern	林下 Understory	Ap	0.34 ± 0.01
福建观音座莲 Angiopteris fokiensis	蕨类植物 Fern	林下 Understory	Af	1.85 ± 0.09
狗脊 Woodwardia japonica	蕨类植物 Fern	林下 Understory	Wj	0.94 ± 0.09
少花柏拉木 Blastus pauciflorus	被子植物 Angiosperm	开阔 Open	Bp	1.02 ± 0.09
三叶地锦 Parthenocissus semicordata	被子植物 Angiosperm	林下 Understory	Ps	藤本 Alina
对叶楼梯草 Elatostema sinense	被子植物 Angiosperm	林下 Understory	Es	0.55 ± 0.03
心叶毛蕊茶 Camellia cordifolia	被子植物 Angiosperm	林下 Understory	Cc	3.43 ± 0.54

变异来源 Source of variable	植物生境 Habitat	植物类型 Plant type	类型×生境 Habitat × Plant type
光合速率最大值(A, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.017	0.165	0.172
气孔导度最大值(G_s, mol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.024	0.169	0.126
气孔关闭绝对速率(G_closure, G_s·s^-1)	0.000	0.116	0.260
气孔关闭相对速率(P_closure, %G_s·s^-1)	0.032	0.241	0.934
气孔张开绝对速率(G_open, G_s·s^-1)	0.493	0.814	0.751
气孔张开相对速率(P_open, %G_s·s^-1)	0.601	0.179	0.985

变异来源 Source of variable	植物生境 Habitat	植物类型 Plant type	类型×生境 Habitat × Plant type
光合速率最大值(A, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.017	0.165	0.172
气孔导度最大值(G_s, mol·m^-2·s^-1)	0.024	0.169	0.126
气孔关闭绝对速率(G_closure, G_s·s^-1)	0.000	0.116	0.260
气孔关闭相对速率(P_closure, %G_s·s^-1)	0.032	0.241	0.934
气孔张开绝对速率(G_open, G_s·s^-1)	0.493	0.814	0.751
气孔张开相对速率(P_open, %G_s·s^-1)	0.601	0.179	0.985

性状指标 Traits	气孔密度 SD	气孔长度 SL	光合速率最大值 A	气孔导度最大值 G_s	气孔关闭绝对速率 G_closure	气孔关闭相对速率 P_closure	气孔张开绝对速率 G_open
气孔长度 SL	-0.588⁺
光合速率最大值 A	0.773^*	-0.363
气孔导度最大值 G_s	0.755^*	-0.371	0.984^**
气孔关闭绝对速率 G_closure	0.911^**	-0.555	0.901^**	0.906^**
气孔关闭相对速率 P_closure	0.661⁺	-0.639⁺	0.325	0.306	0.658⁺
气孔张开绝对速率 G_open	0.090	-0.135	0.648	0.673^*	0.440	-0.063
气孔张开相对速率 P_open	-0.448	-0.102	-0.166	-0.217	-0.291	-0.122	0.414