Photosynthetic responses of the heteromorphic leaves in Populus euphratica to light intensity and CO2concentration

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00104

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Populus euphratica is an important tree species and its leaf shape changes along the growth stages. Adult trees commonly comprise polymorphic leaves, including lanceolate, oval and serrated broad-oval leaves. Our objective were to elucidate the ecophysiological mechanisms of P.euphratica adapting to high temperature and strong light environment and its survival strategy by comparing photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in heteromorphic leaves in an extremely arid desert area, and to explore the causes of changes in leaf shape in P.euphratica, in order to provide a scientific basis for the protection of desert P.euphratica forests.
Methods Individuals with 10 cm diameter at breast height from a planted P.euphratica forest were selected. Measurements were made on the parameters of gas changes and chlorophyll fluorescence of three different leaf shapes on branches at the similar height using a LI-6400 Portable Photosynthesis System and a PAM-2100 chlorophyll fluorometer. The light/CO₂ response curves of net photosynthetic rate (P_n) and rapid light curves of chlorophyll fluorescence in heteromorphic leaves were fitted and analyzed.
Important findings The light and CO₂response curves, rapid light curves of the three different leaf shapes in P.euphraticawere better fitted by the modified rectangular hyperbola models, and the model values of key photosynthetic parameters were very close to the measured data. There were significant differences in the light responses, biochemical parameters and the parameters of rapid light curves among the oval, serrated broad-oval leaves and lanceolate leaves, but the heteromorphic leaves did not significantly differ in carbon assimilation efficiency. The maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_nmax) of the heteromorphic leaves under saturated intercellular CO₂concentration was higher than under saturated irradiance, indicating that photosynthetic efficiency was limited to the great extent by CO₂supply and regeneration rate of ribulose biphosphate (RuBP). Initial quantum yield (α), initial carboxylation efficiency (CE),P_nmax, photosynthetic capacity (A_max), maximum carboxylation rate (V_cmax) were greater in the oval and serrated broad-oval leaves than in the lanceolate leaves; the serrated broad-oval leaves had the highest light saturation point (LSP), photosynthetic electron transportation rate (ETR_max) and rate of photorespiration (R_p), whereas the lanceolate leaves had the lowest light compensation point (LCP), LSP, α and CE. All the results above indicate that the serrated broad-oval leaves having greater resistance to strong light and higher R_p may be an important mechanism for dissipating excessive light energy and protecting the photosynthetic apparatus from light damage. In contrast, the oval leaves had higher values in α, CE, triose-phosphate utilization efficiency (TPU), PSII actual photochemical efficiency (Φ_PSII), leaf nitrogen allocation strategy and low LCP and therefore could maintain high photosynthetic rate in extremely arid areas. The lanceolate leaves had the lowest values in P_n, Φ_PSII, and ETR, which would be difficult to meet the individual growth demand because of the low production of photosynthate, and their number declined with growth and distributed mainly toward the lower tree crowns.

Key words: adaptation mechanism, heteromorphic leaves, photosynthesis, Populus euphratica, response parameter

WANG Hai-Zhen, HAN Lu, XU Ya-Li, NIU Jian-Long. Photosynthetic responses of the heteromorphic leaves in Populus euphratica to light intensity and CO₂concentration[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(10): 1099-1109.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00104

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2014/V38/I10/1099

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References 30

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叶形 Leaf shape	初始量子效率 Initial quantum efficiency (α)	最大净光合速率 Maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_nmax, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	光饱和点 Light saturation point (LSP, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	光补偿点Light compensation point (LCP, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	暗呼吸速率 Dark respiration rate (R_d, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	决定系数Determination coefficient (R²)
卵形叶 Oval leaf	0.087 9 ± 0.008 3^A	17.47 ± 1.329 2^A	1 881.71 ± 70.13^ab	28.91 ± 2.573 2^B	2.31 ± 0.123 0^b	0.998 2
锯齿叶 Serrated broad-oval leaf	0.083 6 ± 0.006 2^A	16.54 ± 1.132 5^A	2 066.15 ± 112.53^a	42.60 ± 3.838 0^A	3.08 ± 0.093 8^a	0.997 0
条形叶 Lanceolate leaf	0.059 1 ± 0.004 1^B	12.56 ± 1.077 3^B	1 428.63 ± 66.15^b	25.42 ± 1.335 2^B	1.38 ± 0.120 5^c	0.996 2

叶形 Leaf shape	初始量子效率 Initial quantum efficiency (α)	最大净光合速率 Maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_nmax, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	光饱和点 Light saturation point (LSP, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	光补偿点Light compensation point (LCP, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	暗呼吸速率 Dark respiration rate (R_d, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	决定系数Determination coefficient (R²)
卵形叶 Oval leaf	0.087 9 ± 0.008 3^A	17.47 ± 1.329 2^A	1 881.71 ± 70.13^ab	28.91 ± 2.573 2^B	2.31 ± 0.123 0^b	0.998 2
锯齿叶 Serrated broad-oval leaf	0.083 6 ± 0.006 2^A	16.54 ± 1.132 5^A	2 066.15 ± 112.53^a	42.60 ± 3.838 0^A	3.08 ± 0.093 8^a	0.997 0
条形叶 Lanceolate leaf	0.059 1 ± 0.004 1^B	12.56 ± 1.077 3^B	1 428.63 ± 66.15^b	25.42 ± 1.335 2^B	1.38 ± 0.120 5^c	0.996 2

叶形 Leaf shape	初始羧化效率 Initial carboxylation efficiency (CE_,mol·m^-2·s^-1)	光合能力 Photosynthetic capacity (A_max, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	饱和胞间CO₂浓度 Saturated intercellular CO₂concentration (C_isat, μmol·mol^-1)	CO₂补偿点 CO₂compensation point (Γ, μmol·mol^-1)	光呼吸速率 Photorespiration Rate (R_p, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	决定系数Determination coefficient (R²)
卵形叶 Oval leaf	0.089 6 ± 0.007 2^a	46.07 ± 3.81^A	1 060.12 ± 106.09^a	62.38 ± 6.21^a	8.90 ± 0.785 4^a	0.992 6
锯齿叶 Serrated broad-oval leaf	0.087 8 ± 0.005 7^a	39.01 ± 3.51^B	1 082.25 ± 117.06^a	77.67 ± 7.47^a	9.12 ± 0.762 7^a	0.996 8
条形叶 Lanceolate leaf	0.076 5 ± 0.003 8^a	24.48 ± 2.21^C	1 051.86 ± 88.47^a	66.79 ± 5.26^a	6.65 ± 0.526 1^a	0.997 8

叶形 Leaf shape	初始羧化效率 Initial carboxylation efficiency (CE_,mol·m^-2·s^-1)	光合能力 Photosynthetic capacity (A_max, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	饱和胞间CO₂浓度 Saturated intercellular CO₂concentration (C_isat, μmol·mol^-1)	CO₂补偿点 CO₂compensation point (Γ, μmol·mol^-1)	光呼吸速率 Photorespiration Rate (R_p, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	决定系数Determination coefficient (R²)
卵形叶 Oval leaf	0.089 6 ± 0.007 2^a	46.07 ± 3.81^A	1 060.12 ± 106.09^a	62.38 ± 6.21^a	8.90 ± 0.785 4^a	0.992 6
锯齿叶 Serrated broad-oval leaf	0.087 8 ± 0.005 7^a	39.01 ± 3.51^B	1 082.25 ± 117.06^a	77.67 ± 7.47^a	9.12 ± 0.762 7^a	0.996 8
条形叶 Lanceolate leaf	0.076 5 ± 0.003 8^a	24.48 ± 2.21^C	1 051.86 ± 88.47^a	66.79 ± 5.26^a	6.65 ± 0.526 1^a	0.997 8

叶形 Leaf shape	最大羧化速率 Maximum carboxylation rate ( V_cmax, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	最大电子传递速率 Maximum electron transport rate (J_max, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	磷酸丙糖利用率 Triose-phosphate utilization rate (TPU, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	J_max/V_cmax
卵形叶 Oval leaf	93.72 ± 2.778 9^a	102.67 ± 5.248 6^a	15.08 ± 0.190 9^a	1.096 ± 0.034 3^a
锯齿叶 Serrated broad-oval leaf	88.64 ± 2.234 5^a	94.37 ± 4.122 4^a	13.07 ± 0.185 7^a	1.064 ± 0.020 4^a
条形叶 Lanceolate leaf	72.21 ± 1.457 8^a	73.36 ± 3.356 9^b	7.34 ± 0.131 4^b	1.016 ± 0.018 2^a

Photosynthetic responses of the heteromorphic leaves in Populus euphratica to light intensity and CO₂concentration

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叶形 Leaf shape	初始斜率 Initial slope (θ)	最大电子传递速率 Maximum electron transport rate (ETR_max, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	饱和光强 Saturation light intensity (PAR_sat, μmol·m^-2·s^-1)	决定系数 Determination coefficient (R²)
卵形叶 Oval leaf	0.211 1 ± 0.016 5^A	131.20 ± 8.36^A	1 123.30 ± 18.43^A	0.978 4
锯形叶 Serrated broad-oval leaf	0.184 6 ± 0.012 6^A	135.11 ± 10.89^A	1 129.99 ± 12.77^A	0.989 3
条形叶 Lanceolate leaf	0.156 1 ± 0.011 5^B	120.53 ± 5.98^B	1 039.32 ± 13.02^B	0.992 7

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