Nitrogen uptake and allocation characteristics of alpine meadow main species under water and nitrogen additions based on 15N isotope

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00038

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Resource-use differentiation among species, which can reduce species competition for the same resources, is the main mechanism to maintain species diversity. Changes in soil temperature and moisture conditions, in the context of global change, may affect nitrogen (N) nutrition of plants of alpine meadow ecosystems. Our objective is to compare the characteristics of N uptake and resource allocation of dominant species of alpine meadow with changes in soil N and water.
Methods An alpine meadow was treated with N and water addition for three years using the method of ¹⁵N isotope injection. We determined the growth responses of dominant species to the N and water additions, as well as the features of N uptake capacity, N allocation and root to shoot ratio.
Important findings The species showed significantly different responses to the N and water treatments, with respect to functional traits of species in N absorption capacity, root N content and root to shoot ratio. There was no significant relationship between N absorption capacity and root N content, whereas N absorption capacity was negatively correlated with root to shoot ratio across all plant species. These results indicated there was ecological niche differentiation in N uptake and a trade-off between the N absorption capacity and resource allocation strategies among species.

Key words: ¹⁵N label, alpine meadow, N-absorption, niche differentiation, nitrogen addition, water addition

DENG Jian-Ming, YAO Bu-Qing, ZHOU Hua-Kun, ZHAO Xin-Quan, WEI Qing, CHEN Zhe, WANG Wen-Ying. Nitrogen uptake and allocation characteristics of alpine meadow main species under water and nitrogen additions based on ¹⁵N isotope[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(2): 116-124.

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Figures/Tables 6

References 46

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	地上部分生物量 Aboveground biomass	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	δ¹⁵N_地上部分 δ¹⁵N_Aboveground	δ¹⁵N_地下部分 δ¹⁵N_Belo-wground	¹⁵N分配(δ¹⁵N_地上部分/δ¹⁵N_地下部分) ¹⁵N allocation (δ¹⁵N_Belowground/δ¹⁵N_Aboveground)	¹⁵N吸收能力 ¹⁵N absorption capability
物种 Species (S)	430.407^***	516.956^***	824.440^***	679.706^***	226.575^***	414.199^***
N处理 N treatment (N)	53.854^***	0.020	79.763^***	1.073	49.848^***	63.005^***
水分处理 Water treatment (W)	6.410^**	10.558^***	161.192^***	87.222^***	4.365^*	102.997^***
物种×N处理 S × N	14.586^***	0.849	33.536^***	8.971^***	6.907^***	12.010^***
物种×水分处理 S × W	11.515^***	8.600^***	30.235^***	19.966^***	6.173^***	16.559^***
物种×N处理×水分处理 S × N × W	8.483^***	22.194^***	66.099^***	64.992^***	9.027^***	32.964^***

	地上部分生物量 Aboveground biomass	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	δ¹⁵N_地上部分 δ¹⁵N_Aboveground	δ¹⁵N_地下部分 δ¹⁵N_Belo-wground	¹⁵N分配(δ¹⁵N_地上部分/δ¹⁵N_地下部分) ¹⁵N allocation (δ¹⁵N_Belowground/δ¹⁵N_Aboveground)	¹⁵N吸收能力 ¹⁵N absorption capability
物种 Species (S)	430.407^***	516.956^***	824.440^***	679.706^***	226.575^***	414.199^***
N处理 N treatment (N)	53.854^***	0.020	79.763^***	1.073	49.848^***	63.005^***
水分处理 Water treatment (W)	6.410^**	10.558^***	161.192^***	87.222^***	4.365^*	102.997^***
物种×N处理 S × N	14.586^***	0.849	33.536^***	8.971^***	6.907^***	12.010^***
物种×水分处理 S × W	11.515^***	8.600^***	30.235^***	19.966^***	6.173^***	16.559^***
物种×N处理×水分处理 S × N × W	8.483^***	22.194^***	66.099^***	64.992^***	9.027^***	32.964^***

		N0W0	N0W1	N0W2	N1W0	N1W1	N1W2
地上部分生物量 Aboveground biomass (g)		22.871±2.561^bcd	16.609±1.197^d	18.110±2.431^cd	24.105±3.730b^cd	27.091±1.442^bc	38.850±5.745^a
相对丰度 Relative abundance	垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	0.600±0.039^c	0.704±0.016^ab	0.728±0.041^ab	0.632±0.049^bc	0.542±0.035^c	0.704±0.034^ab
	矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	0.040±0.009^a	0.030±0.007^ab	0.018±0.003b^c	0.032±0.006^ab	0.035±0.005^a	0.042±0.010^a
	异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	0.061±0.015^cde	0.073±0.009^cd	0.064±0.015^cde	0.092±0.017^bc	0.173±0.025^a	0.025±0.006^e
	美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	0.057±0.025^bcd	0.068±0.011^ab	0.027±0.003^d	0.056±0.005^bcd	0.098±0.010^a	0.075±0.008^ab
	鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	0.099±0.007^a	0.026±0.004^e	0.047±0.001^cde	0.085±0.019^ab	0.064±0.003^bc	0.057±0.004^cd
	其他植物 Other plants	0.074±0.003^ab	0.022±0.005^d	0.077±0.006^ab	0.064±0.009^bc	0.040±0.002^cd	0.083±0.008^ab

		N0W0	N0W1	N0W2	N1W0	N1W1	N1W2
地上部分生物量 Aboveground biomass (g)		22.871±2.561^bcd	16.609±1.197^d	18.110±2.431^cd	24.105±3.730b^cd	27.091±1.442^bc	38.850±5.745^a
相对丰度 Relative abundance	垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	0.600±0.039^c	0.704±0.016^ab	0.728±0.041^ab	0.632±0.049^bc	0.542±0.035^c	0.704±0.034^ab
	矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	0.040±0.009^a	0.030±0.007^ab	0.018±0.003b^c	0.032±0.006^ab	0.035±0.005^a	0.042±0.010^a
	异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	0.061±0.015^cde	0.073±0.009^cd	0.064±0.015^cde	0.092±0.017^bc	0.173±0.025^a	0.025±0.006^e
	美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	0.057±0.025^bcd	0.068±0.011^ab	0.027±0.003^d	0.056±0.005^bcd	0.098±0.010^a	0.075±0.008^ab
	鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	0.099±0.007^a	0.026±0.004^e	0.047±0.001^cde	0.085±0.019^ab	0.064±0.003^bc	0.057±0.004^cd
	其他植物 Other plants	0.074±0.003^ab	0.022±0.005^d	0.077±0.006^ab	0.064±0.009^bc	0.040±0.002^cd	0.083±0.008^ab

	N0W0	N0W1	N0W2	N1W0	N1W1	N1W2
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	0.495±0.026^Ca	0.515±0.029^CDa	0.519±0.016^Ba	0.573±0.093^Ca	0.475±0.049^Ca	0.554±0.034^Ca
矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	3.021±0.227^Abc	3.737±0.200^Ab	3.616±0.254^Ab	4.770±0.395^Aa	2.191±0.139^Bc	3.009±0.284^Bbc
异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	3.881±0.591^Ab	3.346±0.156^Bb	3.392±0.461^Ab	2.530±0.326^Bb	3.424±0.298^Ab	5.136±1.093^Aa
美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	1.001±0.173^Ba	0.957±0.058^Cab	0.766±0.072^Bb	1.152±0.001^Ca	0.641±0.194^Cb	0.622±0.115^Cb
鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	0.558±0.028^Cc	0.358±0.001^Dd	0.939±0.099^Ba	0.911±0.097^Cab	0.496±0.001^Ccd	0.746±0.078^Cb

Nitrogen uptake and allocation characteristics of alpine meadow main species under water and nitrogen additions based on ¹⁵N isotope

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	N0W0	N0W1	N0W2	N1W0	N1W1	N1W2
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	0.971±0.099^Abcd	0.992±0.068^Bbc	0.808±0.033^Ad	0.919±0.099^Acd	1.395±0.122^ABa	1.103±0.048^Ab
矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	0.132±0.005^Dd	0.178±0.008^Dc	0.198±0.011^Db	0.134±0.006^Dd	0.234±0.007^Ca	0.150±0.007^Dd
异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	0.179±0.010^Db	0.224±0.010^Da	0.174±0.005^Db	0.222±0.014^Da	0.237±0.005^Ca	0.163±0.011^Db
美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	0.593±0.053^Cbc	0.580±0.049^Cbc	0.726±0.069^Bb	0.375±0.001^Cc	1.678±0.390^Aa	0.668±0.077^Cb
鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	0.740±0.029^Bc	1.308±0.000^Aa	0.463±0.038^Cd	0.749±0.048^Bc	1.001±0.001^Bb	0.933±0.063^Bb

	N0W0	N0W1	N0W2	N1W0	N1W1	N1W2
地上部分δ¹⁵N Aboveground δ¹⁵N
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	4069±244^Abc	4425±150^Aab	3952±112^Abc	3845±326^Abc	5023±418^Ba	4321±173^Aab
矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	2396±119^Cbc	3268±39^Ca	3181±275^Ba	2599±72^Bb	3200±110^Da	2100±181^Cc
异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	850±174^Dab	958±180^Dab	657±84^Dbc	1145±213^Da	909±90^Eab	947±166^Dab
美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	3431±332^Bb	3446±350^Cb	3108±225^Bb	2140±214^Cc	6407±641^Aa	3252±130^Bb
鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	3235±285^Bb	4044±120^Ba	1982±200^Cc	4006±191^Aa	3963±400^Ca	4593±333^Aa
地下部分δ¹⁵N Belowground δ¹⁵N
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	2980±210^Bab	3548±308^Aa	2638±207^Aab	2818±565^Aab	2893±547^Bab	3151±246^Aab
矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	646±117^Cab	1034±47^Ca	1138±199^Ca	475±74^Cc	1011±299^Cab	514±66^Cc
异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	479±144^Cabc	564±156^Dab	416±35^Dbcd	354±47C^bcd	702±70^Da	376±45^Cbcd
美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	3246±169^Ab	2427±98^Bc	2451±112^Ac	1649±165^Be	5849±585^Aa	2211±168^Bcd
鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	3389±342^Abc	3842±380^Aa	1871±190^Be	2867±182^Ad	2979±300^Bcd	3515±244^Aab
¹⁵N分配 ¹⁵N allocation
垂穗披碱草 Elymus nutans	1.369±0.121^Bb	1.251±0.073^BCb	1.506±0.165^Bb	1.392±0.216^Cb	2.236±0.419^Ba	1.375±0.092^Cb
矮生嵩草 Kobresia humilis	3.774±0.556^Abc	3.166±0.182^Abc	2.825±0.257^Abc	5.564±0.935^Aa	3.719±0.760^Abc	4.099±0.185^Ab
异叶米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia diversiffolia	1.914±0.452^Bab	1.750±0.354^Bb	1.578±0.097^Bb	3.312±1.006^Ba	1.296±0.130^Cb	2.509±0.148^Bab
美丽风毛菊 Saussurea superba	1.055±0.052^Cd	1.422±0.080^Bab	1.267±0.035^BCc	1.297±0.130^Cbc	1.095±0.110^Cd	1.473±0.057^Ca
鹅绒委陵菜 Potentilla anserina	0.956±0.020^Ce	1.052±0.021^Cde	1.059±0.100^Ccde	1.398±0.122^Cab	1.330±0.150^Cbc	1.315±0.186^Cbcd

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