植物生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 383-395.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0252

• 综述 •    下一篇

植物边缘种群遗传多样性研究进展

张新新,王茜,胡颖,周玮,陈晓阳,胡新生()   

  1. 广东省植物种质资源与利用重点实验室, 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院, 广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-06 接受日期:2019-04-07 出版日期:2019-05-20 发布日期:2019-10-18
  • 通讯作者: 胡新生
  • 作者简介:ORCID: 张新新: 0000-0003-4198-0597|胡新生: 0000-0002-8049-9491

Advances in the study of population genetic diversity at plant species’ margins

ZHANG Xin-Xin,WANG Xi,HU Ying,ZHOU Wei,CHEN Xiao-Yang,HU Xin-Sheng()   

  1. Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2018-10-06 Accepted:2019-04-07 Online:2019-05-20 Published:2019-10-18
  • Contact: HU Xin-Sheng

摘要:

边缘种群指地理分布边缘可检测到的一定数量的同种个体集合, 准确评价其遗传多样性对于理解第四纪冰期后气候变化对物种边缘扩展或收缩、遗传资源保护与利用以及物种形成等有重要意义。该文探讨了维持植物边缘种群遗传多样性的进化机制, 分析交配系统对物种边缘及其遗传多样性的影响, 比较了边缘与中心种群遗传多样性的差异及其形成的生态与进化过程, 并探讨了边缘种群遗传多样性与其所在的群落物种多样性的关系及理论基础。该文提出今后研究的重点是应用全基因组序列或转录组基因序列研究前缘-后缘种群之间或边缘-中心种群之间的适应性差异, 边缘种群与所在群落其他物种之间相互作用的分子机制, 深入解析边缘种群对环境的适应及边缘种群遗传多样性与群落物种多样性关系的生态与进化过程。

关键词: 边缘种群, 中心种群, 遗传多样性, 交配系统, 物种多样性

Abstract:

Marginal populations are those at the geographical edge of a species’ distribution. Appropriate evaluation of genetic diversity in marginal populations is of crucial significance for understanding the impacts of climate changes on species expansion or contraction in the post Quaternary glaciations, conservation of genetic resources and exploitation, and peripatric speciation. Here, we discuss the evolutionary mechanisms for maintaining genetic diversity in marginal populations, analyze the role of plant mating system in shaping a plant species’ range and the genetic diversity in marginal populations, assess the difference or similarity in genetic diversity between central and marginal populations and the underlying ecological and evolutionary processes, and discuss the species genetic diversity correlation (SGDC) and the theory underlying such correlations. We proposed that future research includes the use of genome-wide sequences or transcriptome data to study the adaptive differential between leading- and rear-edge populations or between central and marginal populations and the molecular mechanisms of the interactions between the genetic diversity in marginal populations and the species diversity in the resident community of a focal species. This may help to understand the adaptability of marginal populations to local habitats and the ecological and evolutionary processes for SGDC at species’ edges.

Key words: marginal population, central population, genetic diversity, mating system, species diversity