三江源地区高寒湿地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷及其化学计量特征

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0113

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 996-1005.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0113

三江源地区高寒湿地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷及其化学计量特征

聂秀青¹^,², 王冬¹^,²^,^*(), 周国英³, 熊丰³, 杜岩功³

¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所, 国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091
²中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室, 北京 100091
³中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 西宁 810008

收稿日期:2021-03-26 接受日期:2021-07-03 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-08-26
通讯作者: 王冬
作者简介:*(dwang@caf.ac.cn)
ORCID: 聂秀青: 0000-0003-1543-9692
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0507305-2);国家自然科学基金(32001216);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0302);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0507404);青海省自然科学基金(2019-ZJ-910);青海省国际交流合作项目(2019-HZ-807)

Soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and their stoichiometric characteristics in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region

NIE Xiu-Qing¹^,², WANG Dong¹^,²^,^*(), ZHOU Guo-Ying³, XIONG Feng³, DU Yan-Gong³

¹Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Nature Conservation, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
²Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
³Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining 810008, China

Received:2021-03-26 Accepted:2021-07-03 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-08-26
Contact: WANG Dong
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0507305-2);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001216);Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) Program(2019QZKK0302);National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC0507404);Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai(2019-ZJ-910);Qinghai Province International Exchange and Cooperation Project(2019-HZ-807)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微生物生物量及其化学计量特征是土壤养分循环的重要参数, 对预测气候变化和提高模型准确性及理解陆地生态系统养分循环都起到重要作用。为了明晰高寒生态系统土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)、微生物生物量磷(MBP)浓度及其化学计量特征, 该研究通过在三江源区高寒湿地连续两年的野外调查和室内培养, 分析了50个样点的数据, 探究三江源高寒湿地MBC、MBN、MBP浓度及其化学计量特征, 明确了土壤理化特性和微生物群落特征对其影响。结果表明: (1)三江源高寒湿地MBC、MBN和MBP浓度分别为105.11、3.79和0.78 mmol·kg^-1, MBC:MBN、MBC:MBP、MBN:MBP和MBC:MBN:MBP分别为50.56、184.89、5.42和275:5:1。高寒湿地土壤的MBC浓度显著高于高寒草甸土壤, 而MBN和MBP浓度在高寒湿地和高寒草甸土壤之间没有显著差异; 高寒湿地土壤的MBC:MBN和MBC:MBP显著高于高寒草甸土壤, 而MBN:MBP在高寒湿地和高寒草甸土壤之间差异不显著。(2)土壤理化特性与MBC、MBN和MBP浓度具有显著相关性。土壤含水率与MBC:MBN和MBC:MBP存在显著负相关关系, 而土壤密度与MBC:MBN和MBC:MBP浓度存在显著正相关关系, 土壤全氮含量和MBC:MBP存在显著负相关关系, 而与MBC:MBN的相关关系不显著。土壤理化特性对MBN:MBP的影响不显著。(3)整体而言, 微生物群落结构与MBC、MBN和MBP浓度之间存在显著的相关性。微生物群落结构和MBC:MBN、MBC:MBP的关系是相似的, 总磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)含量、革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、细菌、放线菌、丛枝菌根真菌浓度和其他PLFA含量与MBC:MBN和MBC:MBP存在显著负相关关系, 而真菌:细菌与MBC:MBN和MBC:MBP之间存在显著正相关关系, 真菌浓度与MBC:MBN和MBC:MBP之间的相关关系不显著。除丛枝菌根真菌外, MBN:MBP与微生物群落结构均无显著相关关系。

关键词: 青藏高原, 高寒湿地, 微生物生物量, 化学计量特征, 微生物群落结构

Abstract:

Aims Microbial biomass and their stoichiometric characteristics not only are important parameters of soil nutrient cycling, but also can contribute to prediction of climate changes, improvement of model accuracy, and understanding of terrestrial nutrient cycling. Our objective was to investigate microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) concentrations and their stoichiometric characteristics in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region.

Methods Using data from 50 sites, we explored MBC, MBN, MBP, their stoichiometry and their relationships with the controlling factors of alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Source Region.

Important findings Our results showed that 1) MBC, MBN, MBP concentrations were 105.11, 3.79, 0.78 mmol·kg^-1, respectively, and MBC:MBN, MBC:MBP, MBN:MBP, MBC:MBN:MBP were 50.56, 184.89, 5.42, 275:5:1, respectively. 2) Soil physical and chemical properties could significantly affect MBC, MBN and MBP concentration. Soil moisture had significantly negative effects on both MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP, while soil density had positive effects on both MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP. Soil total nitrogen content had negative relationship with MBC:MBP, while having weak effects on MBC:MBN. Soil physical and chemical properties also had weak effects on MBN:MBP. 3) Generally, soil microbial community composition had significant effects on MBC, MBN and MBP concentration. Soil microbial community composition had similar effects on MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP. Total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) content, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, bacteria, actinomycete, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi concentration, and other PLFA content had negative effects on MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP, while fungi:bacteria had positive effects on both MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP, but fungi had weak relationships with both MBC:MBN and MBC:MBP. Except for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, MBN:MBP had weak relationships with soil microbial community composition. Soil physical and chemical properties, and soil microbial community composition had significant effects on soil microbial biomass and their stoichiometric characteristics in Three Rivers Sources Regions in the alpine wetlands, which are greatly helpful for deeply understanding of terrestrial high altitude nutrient cycling.

Key words: Qingzang Plateau, alpine wetlands, microbial biomass, stoichiometric characteristic, microbial community structure

聂秀青, 王冬, 周国英, 熊丰, 杜岩功. 三江源地区高寒湿地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷及其化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(9): 996-1005. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0113

NIE Xiu-Qing, WANG Dong, ZHOU Guo-Ying, XIONG Feng, DU Yan-Gong. Soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and their stoichiometric characteristics in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(9): 996-1005. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0113

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I9/996

图/表 6

图1 三江源地区高寒湿地样点分布图。

Fig. 1 Distribution of sampling sites across the alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region.

表1 高寒生态系统和全球陆地生态系统的土壤微生物生物量化学计量特征(平均值和95%的置信区间)

Table 1 Stoichiometric characteristics of soil microbial biomass (results are shown as means and 95% confidence intervals) in alpine ecosystems and global biomes

植被类型 Vegetation type	MBC	MBN	MBP	MBC:MBN	MBC:MBP	MBN:MBP	MBC:MBN: MBP	参考文献 Reference
高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	49.25^a [38.92-61.58]	3.40^a[2.83-4.12]	0.55^a [0.42-0.69]	14.53^a [12.76-16.17]	117.02^a [79.22-168.91]	8.13^a [5.64-11.79]	118:8:1	本研究 This study
高寒湿地 Alpine wetland	105.11^b [81.33-133.33]	3.79^b [2.58-5.16]	0.78^a [0.55-1.06]	50.56^b [37.33-65.33]	184.89^b [156.25-213.18]	5.42^a [4.22-6.89]	275:5:1	本研究 This study
高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	33.5 [30.1-37.2]	3.24 [2.69-3.89]	0.70 [0.61-0.80]	10.23 [9.77-10.96]	48.0 [43.8-52.6]	4.68 [3.98-5.50]	47.9:4.68:1	Chen et al., 2016
高寒草原 Alpine steppe	13.5 [11.9-15.4]	1.00 [0.79-1.29]	0.17 [0.14-0.20]	13.49 [12.02-15.14]	80.0 [71.4-89.5]	6.03 [4.79-7.41]	81.3:6.03:1	Chen et al., 2016
全球湿地平均值 Global wetland average	111.4 [84.4-147.0]	19.3 [14.5-25.9]	2.4 [1.1-5.4]	9.5 [7.7-11.8]	130.7 [62.1-275.0]	35.7 [14.0-91.2]	131:14:1	Xu et al., 2013
全球平均值 Global average	56.7	7.5	1.3	7.6	42.4	5.6	42:6:1	Xu et al., 2013
全球平均值 Global average	82.3 [69.2-97.7]	10.9[9.1-12.9]	1.4 [1.1-1.6]	8.6 [8.3-8.9]	59.5 [55.9-63.1]	6.9 [6.5-7.3]	60:7:1	Cleveland & Liptzin, 2007

图2 三江源地区高寒湿地土壤理化特性对土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)和微生物生物量磷(MBP)浓度的影响。

Fig. 2 Effects of soil physical and chemical properties on microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) concentration in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region.

图3 三江源地区高寒湿地土壤理化特性对微生物生物量化学计量比的影响。MBC, 微生物生物量碳; MBN, 微生物生物量氮; MBP, 微生物生物量磷。

Fig. 3 Effects of soil physical and chemical properties on microbial biomass stoichiometry in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region. MBC, microbial biomass carbon; MBN, microbial biomass nitrogen; MBP, microbial biomass phosphorus.

图4 三江源地区高寒湿地微生物群落结构对微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)、微生物生物量磷(MBP)浓度的影响。PLFA, 总磷脂脂肪酸。

Fig. 4 Effects of soil microbial community structure on microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region. PLFA, total phospholipid fatty acid.

图5 三江源地区高寒湿地微生物群落结构对微生物化学计量比的影响。MBC, 微生物生物量碳; MBN, 微生物生物量氮; MBP, 微生物生物量磷。PLFA, 总磷脂脂肪酸。

Fig. 5 Effects of soil microbial community structure on microbial biomass stoichiometry in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region. MBC, microbial biomass carbon; MBN, microbial biomass nitrogen; MBP, microbial biomass phosphorus. PLFA, total phospholipid fatty acid.

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三江源地区高寒湿地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷及其化学计量特征

Soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and their stoichiometric characteristics in alpine wetlands in the Three Rivers Sources Region

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