内蒙古半干旱地区空气和土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松生长的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0481

植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 1077-1085.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0481

内蒙古半干旱地区空气和土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松生长的影响

李一丁¹, 桑清田¹, 张灏², 刘龙昌¹, 潘庆民³, 王宇¹^,^*(), 刘伟³^,^*(), 袁文平⁴

¹河南科技大学园艺与植物保护学院, 河南洛阳 471000
²内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特 010021
³中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
⁴中山大学大气科学学院, 广东珠海 519082

收稿日期:2021-12-17 接受日期:2022-04-13 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-10-19
通讯作者: 王宇,刘伟
作者简介:*王宇:ORCID:0000-0003-2085-0064(王宇, yuwang911@163.com;
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41805084)

Effects of air and soil humidification on the growth of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees in semi-arid area of Nei Mongol, China

LI Yi-Ding¹, SANG Qing-Tian¹, ZHANG Hao², LIU Long-Chang¹, PAN Qing-Min³, WANG Yu¹^,^*(), LIU Wei³^,^*(), YUAN Wen-Ping⁴

¹College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
²School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
³State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
⁴School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China

Received:2021-12-17 Accepted:2022-04-13 Online:2022-09-20 Published:2022-10-19
Contact: WANG Yu,LIU Wei
About author:* (Wang Y, yuwang911@163.com;
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41805084)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

干旱半干旱区约占全球陆地总面积的30%, 植物生长对于水分变化的响应在此区域更为敏感。大气干旱和土壤干旱都会对植物生长产生影响, 目前关于这两者对植物生长的影响已有不少实验研究, 但具体的影响机制尚不清楚。该研究以幼龄樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)为研究对象, 通过设计改变空气湿度与土壤湿度的野外控制实验, 探究空气加湿与土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松生长特性的影响。结果表明: 1)与对照相比, 空气加湿使饱和水汽压亏缺(VPD)降低了20.5%, 空气加湿和土壤加湿使土壤湿度分别增加了23.4%和21.3%。2)空气加湿显著增加了叶片密度, 土壤加湿显著加粗了枝条直径, 空气与土壤共同加湿对叶片和枝条的生长均有显著的促进作用。3)结合加湿处理对径向生长的影响及结构方程模型的结果发现, 土壤加湿可直接促进树干的径向生长, 空气加湿对径向生长的显著促进作用一方面是由于VPD降低的直接影响, 另一方面是由于空气加湿显著提高了土壤湿度。该研究揭示了半干旱地区幼龄樟子松生长对大气水分和土壤水分改变的响应差异。

关键词: 干旱, 饱和水汽压亏缺, 土壤湿度, 叶片生长, 枝条生长, 径向生长

Abstract:

Aims Arid and semi-arid areas account for about 30% of the total global land area. Plant growth in these areas is more susceptible to drought stress. Both atmospheric drought and soil drought can affect plant growth. Although there have been many experimental studies on the effects of atmospheric drought and soil drought on plant growth, the specific mechanism is not clear.

Methods In this study, the differential effects of air and soil humidification on the growth characteristics of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolicatrees were investigated by manipulation experiments of altering air humidity and soil water content.

Important findings The results showed that: 1) Compared with the control, air humidification significantly reduced vapor pressure deficit by 20.5%, and air humidification and soil humidification significantly increased soil moisture by 23.4% and 21.3%, respectively; 2) Air humidification significantly increased leaf density, soil humidification significantly increased twig diameter, and air and soil humidification significantly promoted the growth of leaves and twigs; 3) Taking into consideration of the effect of humidification treatment on radial growth and the analysis with structural equation model, the results showed that soil humidification directly promoted the stem radial growth, and the significant positive effects of air humidification on radial growth is due to the direct effect of the decrease in vapor pressure deficit, and the indirect effect in the increase of soil moisture caused by air humidification. This study revealed distinct responses of young P. sylvestris var. mongolica tree growth to atmospheric water and soil water changes.

Key words: drought, vapor pressure deficit, soil moisture, leaf growth, twig growth, stem radial growth

李一丁, 桑清田, 张灏, 刘龙昌, 潘庆民, 王宇, 刘伟, 袁文平. 内蒙古半干旱地区空气和土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松生长的影响. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(9): 1077-1085. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0481

LI Yi-Ding, SANG Qing-Tian, ZHANG Hao, LIU Long-Chang, PAN Qing-Min, WANG Yu, LIU Wei, YUAN Wen-Ping. Effects of air and soil humidification on the growth of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees in semi-arid area of Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(9): 1077-1085. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0481

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0481

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I9/1077

图/表 8

图1 空气和土壤加湿处理与样地布局。

Fig. 1 Air and soil humidification treatment and layout of sample plot.

图2 空气加湿和土壤加湿对饱和水汽压亏缺(VPD)(A)和土壤湿度(B)的影响(平均值±标准误)。A, 空气加湿; AS, 空气和土壤共同加湿; CK, 对照; S, 土壤加湿。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of air and soil humidification on vapor pressure deficit (VPD)(A) and soil moisture (B)(mean ± SE). A, air humidification; AS, air and soil co-humidification; CK, control; S, soil humidification. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (p < 0.05).

图3 空气加湿和土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松叶面积(A)、叶片密度(B)和枝条总叶面积(C)的影响(平均值±标准误)。A, 空气加湿; AS, 空气和土壤共同加湿; CK, 对照; S, 土壤加湿。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of air and soil humidification on leaf area (A), leaf number of one twig (B), and total leaf area on one twig (C) of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees (mean ± SE). A, air humidification; AS, air and soil co-humidification; CK, control; S, soil humidification. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (p < 0.05).

图4 幼龄樟子松叶片持水率的时间动态变化(平均值±标准误)。A, 空气加湿; AS, 空气和土壤共同加湿; CK,对照; S, 土壤加湿。

Fig. 4 Temporal changes in leaf water holding capacity of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees (mean ± SE). A, air humidification; AS, air and soil co-humidification; CK, control; S, soil humidification.

图5 幼龄樟子松枝条长度生长动态变化(A)及空气和土壤加湿对枝条长度(B)和枝条直径(C)的影响(平均值±标准误)。A, 空气加湿; AS, 空气和土壤共同加湿; CK, 对照; S, 土壤加湿。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Temporal changes in twig growth (A) and the effects of air and soil humidification on twig length (B) and twig diameter (C) of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees (mean ± SE). A, air humidification; AS, air and soil co-humidification; CK, control; S, soil humidification. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (p < 0.05).

图6 空气和土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松径向生长的影响(平均值±标准误)。A, 空气加湿; AS, 空气和土壤共同加湿; CK, 对照; S, 土壤加湿。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 6 Effects of air and soil humidification on the stem radial growth of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees (mean ± SE). A, air humidification; AS, air and soil co-humidification; CK, control; S, soil humidification. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments (p < 0.05).

图7 空气加湿与土壤加湿对樟子松叶、枝和径向生长的影响。箭头旁的数值是每个路径的标准化回归系数和显著性, 虚线箭头表示不显著的路径(p > 0.05)。R2表示对目标因变量总变化的解释度。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 7 Structural equation modeling analysis for the effects of air and soil humidification on the growth of leaf, twig and radial in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Standardized regression coefficients and significance are shown next to the arrow for each path, dashed arrows indicate insignificant effects (p > 0.05). R2 represents the degree of explanation for the total change of the target dependent variable. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

表1 饱和水汽压亏缺(VPD)和土壤湿度(SM)对樟子松叶、枝、径向生长影响的总效应

Table 1 Standardized total effects of vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and soil moisture (SM) on the leaf, twig and radial growth in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

	VPD	SM
叶面积 Leaf area	-0.207	0.435
叶密度 Leaf density	-0.395	-
枝条长 Twig length	-0.304	0.637
枝条直径 Twig diameter	-0.320	0.671
径向生长 Radial growth	-0.375	0.535

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内蒙古半干旱地区空气和土壤加湿对幼龄樟子松生长的影响

Effects of air and soil humidification on the growth of young Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica trees in semi-arid area of Nei Mongol, China

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