增温对林木细根物候影响的研究进展

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0326

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 1471-1482.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0326

所属专题：全球变化与生态系统；根系生态学

• 综述 • 下一篇

增温对林木细根物候影响的研究进展

陈心怡¹^,²^,³, 吴晨¹^,²^,³, 黄锦学², 熊德成¹^,²^,³^,^*()

¹福建师范大学福建省植物生理生态重点实验室, 福州 350007
²福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007
³福建三明森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 福建三明 365002

收稿日期:2022-08-11 接受日期:2023-03-13 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-03-16
通讯作者: *熊德成(xdc104@163.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32071743);国家自然科学基金(32192433);福建省科技厅公益类项目(2022R1002004)

Effects of warming on fine root phenology of forests: a review

CHEN Xin-Yi¹^,²^,³, WU Chen¹^,²^,³, HUANG Jin-Xue², XIONG De-Cheng¹^,²^,³^,^*()

¹Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
²School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
³Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Sanming, Fujian 365002, China

Received:2022-08-11 Accepted:2023-03-13 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-03-16
Contact: *XIONG De-Cheng(xdc104@163.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071743);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32192433);Public Welfare Projects of Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province(2022R1002004)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

林木细根物候是观测全球变暖影响的重要指标。全球变化背景下, 细根物候不仅反映林木的生长状况变化, 也揭示着陆地生态系统碳循环和地下碳分配动态。林木细根物候对气候变化的响应是全球变化研究的热点和难点, 国内外已开展了大量研究工作, 目前部分研究认为土壤增温将延长林木细根的物候期, 并且北半球一些地区春季物候期、生长高峰期均提前, 而大气增温有可能抑制细根生长, 推迟其物候期, 此外还有研究发现表层土壤中的根系物候受增温的影响可能比深层根系更大。同时, 一些学者将细根物候与根际土壤环境、微生物和地上物候几个方面相联系以研究其响应机制, 但细根物候如何响应气候变暖以及这些响应可能的机制仍未有定论。为此, 该文系统阐述了全球变暖背景下林木细根物候的研究进展, 以期为地下物候学研究以及林木对全球变化的响应和适应机制研究提供参考, 并认为今后还需加强以下几个方面的研究: 1)改进和探索更精确的模拟增温方式并开展更长时间尺度的量化研究; 2)探究变化环境下林木根系不同功能模块(如吸收根/运输根, 纤维根/先锋根)与其物候的联系, 即将“环境-性状-物候”相关联; 3)综合考虑根系物候的控制因素在不同地下物候相(根系生长开始、生长峰值、生长停止)、物种、土层的差异性; 4)关注地下、地上物候相互关联及其对植物生产力影响的研究; 5)增温与其他环境因子(CO₂浓度、氮沉降等)综合作用下的林木地下物候与生态系统功能变化(如碳汇、养分循环等)间联系应是未来研究的重点方向。

关键词: 全球变暖, 细根动态, 物候, 地下碳分配, 垂直分布

Abstract:

The fine root phenology of forests is an important indicator to observe the impact of global warming. It can reflect not only the growth status of forests under the background of global change but also the dynamics of the carbon cycle and below-ground carbon distribution of terrestrial ecosystems. Meanwhile, the response of forest fine root phenology to climate change is considered a hotspot and challenge in the field of global change effects, and thus has been studied extensively. Recent studies claim that soil warming will prolong the growing season of fine roots in forests as the spring phenology and growth peak will begin earlier in some areas of the northern hemisphere, however, atmospheric warming may inhibit the growth of fine roots and delay the phenological events. In addition, some studies found that the root phenology in the surface soil may be more affected by warming than that in the deep layer. Concurrently, some researchers associated fine root phenology with rhizosphere soil environment, microorganisms and above-ground phenology to reveal the response mechanism. However, the response of fine root phenology to climate warming and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully explained. This paper systematically reviewed changes in fine root phenology in forests under global warming, and aimed to provide references for the research on below-ground phenology, and the response and adaptation mechanism of forests to global changes. Future studies should enhance the research on the following aspects: 1) improving and exploring more accurate simulation warming devices and carrying out long-term quantitative research; 2) exploring the relationship between different functional modules of roots (such as absorbing root/transporting root, fibrous root/pioneering root) and their phenology under changing environments, i.e. “environment-traits- phenology”; 3) considering variations of the control factors of root phenology under different below-ground phenological phases (the beginning, peak and end of root growth), species and soil layers; 4) focusing on the relationship between below- and above-ground phenology, and its impacts on plant productivity; 5) focus on the changes of forest below-ground phenology and ecosystem functions (such as carbon sinks, nutrient cycling, etc.) under the combined effect of warming and other environmental factors (CO₂concentration, nitrogen deposition, etc.).

Key words: global warming, fine root dynamics, phenology, below-ground carbon allocation, vertical distribution

陈心怡, 吴晨, 黄锦学, 熊德成. 增温对林木细根物候影响的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(11): 1471-1482. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0326

CHEN Xin-Yi, WU Chen, HUANG Jin-Xue, XIONG De-Cheng. Effects of warming on fine root phenology of forests: a review. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(11): 1471-1482. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0326

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I11/1471

图/表 3

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研究方法 Method	操作原理 Principle	文献来源 Reference
连续土芯法 Sequential soil coring method	采用一定直径土钻, 在观测时间内多次对土壤进行取样 Using a soil drill with a certain diameter to take multiple soil column sampling during the observation period	Danjon & Reubens, 2008; Zhang, 2017; Hu et al., 2019
内生长法 In-growth method	I. 尼龙网袋法: 利用根钻在样地钻孔, 取出土壤并进行筛除得到无根土, 将无根土与一定孔径尼龙网袋放入原位, 一定时间取出网袋 I. Nylon net bag method: collect soil samples using root drill from experimental sites, remove roots from the soil by hand sieving, put rootless soil into a nylon net bag with a certain aperture and put it back to the original positions. Take back the nylon net bag after a certain period	Zhang et al., 2000; Zhang, 2017; Hu et al., 2019; Han et al., 2020; Malhotra et al., 2020
内生长法 In-growth method	II. 内生长环法: 放置及取样方式与尼龙网袋法类似, 但该方法使用带沙袋的柱状管替代尼龙网袋, 柱状管与沙袋间存在缝隙 II. Ingrowth donut method: the way of placement and sampling of this method is similar to that of the nylon net bag method, except that a cylindrical tube with sandbags is used instead of the nylon net bag, and there is a gap between the cylindrical tube and the sandbags
根窗法 Rhizotron	I. 微根管法: 于样地有角度地(一般为30°或45°)埋入观测管, 用影像成像系统对同一位置根系生长过程进行影像收集, 用图像分析软件对图片进行分析 I. Minirhizotron: the observation tube is buried at a certain angle (generally 30° or 45° ) in the sample sites. Use an imager to collect images of the root growth conditions regularly at the same position. Collected images were analyzed using Rootfly software	Johnson et al., 2001, 2006; Lahti et al., 2005; Hertel & Leuschner, 2006; Steinaker et al., 2009; Wilson & Kalamees, 2014; Downie et al., 2015
根窗法 Rhizotron	II. 立体根箱法: 装置包括生长室、水肥供应系统和图像捕获分析系统, 大部分研究的根箱设计中生长室由若干透明分室构成 II. Stereoscopic rhizobox: the device includes a growth chamber, a nutrient solution-supplying system, and an image capture and analysis system. In most studies, the growth chamber of the rhizobox is composed of several transparent compartments

研究方法 Method	操作原理 Principle	文献来源 Reference
连续土芯法 Sequential soil coring method	采用一定直径土钻, 在观测时间内多次对土壤进行取样 Using a soil drill with a certain diameter to take multiple soil column sampling during the observation period	Danjon & Reubens, 2008; Zhang, 2017; Hu et al., 2019
内生长法 In-growth method	I. 尼龙网袋法: 利用根钻在样地钻孔, 取出土壤并进行筛除得到无根土, 将无根土与一定孔径尼龙网袋放入原位, 一定时间取出网袋 I. Nylon net bag method: collect soil samples using root drill from experimental sites, remove roots from the soil by hand sieving, put rootless soil into a nylon net bag with a certain aperture and put it back to the original positions. Take back the nylon net bag after a certain period	Zhang et al., 2000; Zhang, 2017; Hu et al., 2019; Han et al., 2020; Malhotra et al., 2020
内生长法 In-growth method	II. 内生长环法: 放置及取样方式与尼龙网袋法类似, 但该方法使用带沙袋的柱状管替代尼龙网袋, 柱状管与沙袋间存在缝隙 II. Ingrowth donut method: the way of placement and sampling of this method is similar to that of the nylon net bag method, except that a cylindrical tube with sandbags is used instead of the nylon net bag, and there is a gap between the cylindrical tube and the sandbags
根窗法 Rhizotron	I. 微根管法: 于样地有角度地(一般为30°或45°)埋入观测管, 用影像成像系统对同一位置根系生长过程进行影像收集, 用图像分析软件对图片进行分析 I. Minirhizotron: the observation tube is buried at a certain angle (generally 30° or 45° ) in the sample sites. Use an imager to collect images of the root growth conditions regularly at the same position. Collected images were analyzed using Rootfly software	Johnson et al., 2001, 2006; Lahti et al., 2005; Hertel & Leuschner, 2006; Steinaker et al., 2009; Wilson & Kalamees, 2014; Downie et al., 2015
根窗法 Rhizotron	II. 立体根箱法: 装置包括生长室、水肥供应系统和图像捕获分析系统, 大部分研究的根箱设计中生长室由若干透明分室构成 II. Stereoscopic rhizobox: the device includes a growth chamber, a nutrient solution-supplying system, and an image capture and analysis system. In most studies, the growth chamber of the rhizobox is composed of several transparent compartments

增温对林木细根物候影响的研究进展

Effects of warming on fine root phenology of forests: a review

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