广西大石围天坑群植物叶片养分特征及其适应性

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0217

植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (7): 872-887.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0217 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2023.0217

广西大石围天坑群植物叶片养分特征及其适应性

郑莉莉¹, 余林兰¹, 戴萍¹^,², 薛跃规¹^,^*(), 龙萍³

¹广西师范大学珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室, 广西漓江流域景观资源保育与可持续利用重点实验室, 生命科学学院, 广西桂林 541006
²广西桂林市林业和园林局, 广西桂林 541199
³中国乐业-凤山世界地质公园, 广西百色 533299

收稿日期:2023-07-28 接受日期:2024-05-22 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-05-23
通讯作者: * 薛跃规(xueyuegui@126.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31960047);广西重点研发计划(桂科)(AB21220057)

Nutrient characteristics and adaptability of plant leaves in Tiankeng Complex of Dashiwei, Guangxi, China

ZHENG Li-Li¹, YU Lin-Lan¹, DAI Ping¹^,², XUE Yue-Gui¹^,^*(), LONG Ping³

¹Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China
²Guilin Forestry and Landscape Bureau, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China
³Leye-Fengshan UNESCO Global Geopark of China, Baise, Guangxi 533299, China

Received:2023-07-28 Accepted:2024-05-22 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-05-23
Contact: * XUE Yue-Gui(xueyuegui@126.com)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960047);Guangxi Key Research and Development Program (Guike)(AB21220057)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物叶片生态化学计量特征及其差异可以反映植物对环境的响应, 是了解植物与环境相互作用的关键。特殊的天坑环境创造了良好的植物生长条件。为探究天坑植物的养分利用特征与环境适应性差异, 揭示天坑森林植物适应机制, 为天坑森林养分循环与群落构建理论研究提供基础数据, 该研究对广西大石围天坑群坑内外植物叶片中碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)养分化学计量特征进行比较。采用相关性分析和冗余分析等统计方法研究植物各化学计量间的内在联系和环境对其的影响。结果表明: (1)与其他喀斯特地区植物以及全国陆地植物相比, 研究区域内的36科55属64种植物叶片具有较低的C含量, 较高的N、P、K、Ca、Mg含量和较低的C:N、C:P, 表明天坑植物具有低固C、高养分积累、高生长速率与低养分利用效率的总体特征。(2)大石围天坑群植物叶片N:P平均值为16.65, N:K平均值为1.50, K:P平均值为10.10, 表明天坑植物整体K富足而N、P养分受限。(3)显著性分析表明: 不同位置、不同功能群植物养分含量与化学计量比存在显著差异, 不同环境、不同类型植物养分吸收的策略不同。(4)相关分析表明: 植物叶片各养分含量与化学计量比间存在较为显著的相关关系, 植物叶片对不同养分的吸收具有一定的比例与协调关系。(5)对叶片化学计量特征影响因子的分析结果表明: 土壤是影响叶片养分含量的关键环境因素。研究结果揭示了大石围天坑群植物养分利用特征、生境养分差异以及植物对环境的适应情况, 为天坑森林生态系统养分循环与群落构建机制的探索提供了基础数据。

关键词: 养分特征, 化学计量, 喀斯特, 天坑森林

Abstract:

Aims The ecological stoichiometric characteristics and variation of plant leaves can reflect the response of plants to their environment, serving as a key to understanding the interaction between plants and the environment. The unique Tiankeng environment creates favorable conditions for plant growth. By exploring the nutrient utilization characteristics and environmental adaptability differences of Tiankeng plants, this study aims to reveal the adaptive mechanism of Tiankeng forest plants, and basic data can be provided for nutrient cycling and community construction in Tiankeng forest.
Methods Our study compared the chemical stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) nutrients in the leaves of plants inside and outside the Tiankeng Complex in Dashiwei, Guangxi. Statistical methods such as correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to explore the intrinsic relationship between chemical stoichiometry and the influence of environment on these characteristics.
Important findings (1) The leaves of 64 plant species from 36 families and 55 genera in the study area have lower C content, higher N, P, K, Ca, Mg contents, and lower C:N, C:P compared to plants in other karst and terrestrial plants in China. This indicates that the plants in Tiankeng Complex are characterized by low C sequestration, high nutrient accumulation, high growth rate, and low nutrient utilization efficiency. (2) The N:P mean value of the plant leaves in the Dashiwei Tiankeng Complex was 16.65, the N:K mean value was 1.50, and the K:P mean value was 10.10, indicating that the Tiankeng plants generally have an abundance of K content but are limited by N and P contents. (3) There were significant differences in the nutrient content and stoichiometric ratios of plants in different locations and functional groups. Different environments and plant types adopt distinct nutrient absorption strategies. (4) Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations between most of the nutrient contents and stoichiometric ratios of plant leaves, indicating that the nutrient uptake by plant leaves had a certain proportional composition and coordinated relationship. (5) Redundancy analysis showed that soil is a key environmental factor influencing leaf nutrients. The results of our study revealed the characteristics of plant nutrient utilization, habitat nutrient differences, and plant adaptability to the environment in the Dashiwei Tiankeng Complex, providing basic data for exploring the nutrient cycling and community construction mechanism of Tiankeng forest ecosystems.

Key words: nutrient characteristics, stoichiometry, karst, Tiankeng forest

郑莉莉, 余林兰, 戴萍, 薛跃规, 龙萍. 广西大石围天坑群植物叶片养分特征及其适应性. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(7): 872-887. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0217

ZHENG Li-Li, YU Lin-Lan, DAI Ping, XUE Yue-Gui, LONG Ping. Nutrient characteristics and adaptability of plant leaves in Tiankeng Complex of Dashiwei, Guangxi, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(7): 872-887. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0217

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2023.0217

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I7/872

图/表 12

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生境 Habitat	编号 No.	地点 Site	经度 Longitude (° E)	纬度 Latitude (° N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope (°)	pH	土壤含水量 Soil water content (%)	土壤碳含量 Soil carbon content (g·kg^-1)	土壤氮含量 Soil nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	土壤磷含量 Soil phosphorus content (g·kg^-1)
坑内 Inside	P1	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 216	26	7.090	61.240	352.700	23.633	1.001
	P2	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 247	35	6.690	38.079	68.600	5.867	1.155
	P3	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 280	40	6.700	26.369	70.200	5.900	1.130
	P4	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 081	34	6.980	36.788	126.640	12.700	1.450
	P5	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 078	31	6.625	40.564	84.225	9.400	1.980
坑外 Outside	P6	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 389	46	6.705	36.448	119.800	12.400	0.700
	P7	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 390	40	7.045	31.039	131.030	12.600	0.670
	P8	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 382	42	6.570	35.471	88.500	8.800	0.420
	P9	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 391	41	6.930	32.343	130.650	13.200	0.650
	P10	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 322	31	6.870	42.576	209.675	17.450	0.630
	P11	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 321	32	6.850	40.255	256.600	21.900	0.595
	P12	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.80	1 366	22	6.925	39.868	125.175	12.350	0.580
	P13	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 309	35	6.955	29.458	68.300	9.267	1.218
	P14	白洞天坑 Baidong Tiankeng	106.47	24.80	1 182	33	7.095	22.581	38.200	10.200	0.778

生境 Habitat	编号 No.	地点 Site	经度 Longitude (° E)	纬度 Latitude (° N)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope (°)	pH	土壤含水量 Soil water content (%)	土壤碳含量 Soil carbon content (g·kg^-1)	土壤氮含量 Soil nitrogen content (g·kg^-1)	土壤磷含量 Soil phosphorus content (g·kg^-1)
坑内 Inside	P1	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 216	26	7.090	61.240	352.700	23.633	1.001
	P2	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 247	35	6.690	38.079	68.600	5.867	1.155
	P3	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 280	40	6.700	26.369	70.200	5.900	1.130
	P4	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 081	34	6.980	36.788	126.640	12.700	1.450
	P5	大曹天坑 Dacao Tiankeng	106.51	24.79	1 078	31	6.625	40.564	84.225	9.400	1.980
坑外 Outside	P6	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 389	46	6.705	36.448	119.800	12.400	0.700
	P7	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 390	40	7.045	31.039	131.030	12.600	0.670
	P8	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 382	42	6.570	35.471	88.500	8.800	0.420
	P9	蓝靛瑶 Landianyao	106.45	24.80	1 391	41	6.930	32.343	130.650	13.200	0.650
	P10	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 322	31	6.870	42.576	209.675	17.450	0.630
	P11	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.81	1 321	32	6.850	40.255	256.600	21.900	0.595
	P12	苏家天坑 Sujia Tiankeng	106.46	24.80	1 366	22	6.925	39.868	125.175	12.350	0.580
	P13	神木天坑 Shenmu Tiankeng	106.47	24.81	1 309	35	6.955	29.458	68.300	9.267	1.218
	P14	白洞天坑 Baidong Tiankeng	106.47	24.80	1 182	33	7.095	22.581	38.200	10.200	0.778

序号 Number	植物种类 Plant species	科名 Family	生活型 Life form	系统发育 Phylogensis	生境 Habitat
1	白楠 Phoebe neurantha	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
2	粗柄槭 Acer tonkinense	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
3	粗叶榕 Ficus hirta	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
4	粉叶润楠 Machilus glaucifolia	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
5	构 Broussonetia papyrifera	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
6	华润楠 Machilus chinensis	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
7	近轮叶木姜子 Litsea elongata var. subverticillata	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
8	南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
9	绒毛山胡椒 Lindera nacusua	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
10	香木莲 Manglietia aromatica	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
11	云贵鹅耳枥 Carpinus pubescens	桦木科 Betulaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
12	掌叶木 Handeliodendron bodinieri	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
13	中华野独活 Miliusa sinensis	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
14	紫弹树 Celtis biondii	大麻科 Cannabaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
15	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
16	常春藤 Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
17	粗叶悬钩子 Rubus alceifolius	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
18	滇鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis	鼠刺科 Iteaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
19	短序鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum bodinieri	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
20	贵州鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum guizhouense	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
21	黑龙骨 Periploca forrestii	夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
22	假通草 Brassaiopsis ciliata	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
23	伞房荚蒾 Viburnum corymbiflorum	五福花科 Adoxaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
24	喜花草 Eranthemum pulchellum	爵床科 Acanthaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
25	苎麻 Boehmeria nivea	荨麻科 Urticaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
26	清风藤 Sabia japonica	清风藤科 Sabiaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
27	崖爬藤 Tetrastigma obtectum	葡萄科 Vitaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
28	板蓝 Strobilanthes cusia	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
29	赤车 Pellionia radicans	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
30	短叶赤车 Pellionia brevifolia	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
36	冷水花 Pilea notata	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
37	楼梯草 Elatostema involucratum	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
38	庐山楼梯草 Elatostema stewardii	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
39	球花马蓝 Strobilanthes dimorphotricha	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
40	天胡荽金腰 Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium	虎耳草科 Saxifragaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
41	野靛棵 Justicia patentiflora	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
42	篌竹 Phyllostachys nidularia	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
43	芒 Miscanthus sinensis	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
44	奇异南星 Arisaema decipiens	天南星科 Araceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
45	十字薹草 Carex cruciata	莎草科 Cyperaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
46	石山棕 Guihaia argyrata	棕榈科 Arecaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
47	万寿竹 Disporum cantoniense	秋水仙科 Colchicaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
48	显子草 Phaenosperma globosum	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
49	小果野蕉 Musa acuminata	芭蕉科 Musaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
50	半边旗 Pteris semipinnata	凤尾蕨科 Pteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
51	抱石莲 Lemmaphyllum drymoglossoides	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
52	变异鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris varia	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
53	大平鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris bodinieri	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
54	盾蕨 Lepisorus ovatus	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
55	光石韦 Pyrrosia calvata	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
56	红色新月蕨 Pronephrium lakhimpurense	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
57	华南毛蕨 Cyclosorus parasiticus	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
58	江南星蕨 Lepisorus fortunei	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
59	介蕨 Deparia boryana	蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
60	里白 Diplopterygium glaucum	里白科 Gleicheniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
61	肾蕨 Nephrolepis cordifolia	肾蕨科 Nephrolepidaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
62	狭翅巢蕨 Asplenium antrophyoides	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
63	狭翅铁角蕨 Asplenium wrightii	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
64	友水龙骨 Goniophlebium amoenum	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside

序号 Number	植物种类 Plant species	科名 Family	生活型 Life form	系统发育 Phylogensis	生境 Habitat
1	白楠 Phoebe neurantha	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
2	粗柄槭 Acer tonkinense	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
3	粗叶榕 Ficus hirta	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
4	粉叶润楠 Machilus glaucifolia	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
5	构 Broussonetia papyrifera	桑科 Moraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
6	华润楠 Machilus chinensis	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
7	近轮叶木姜子 Litsea elongata var. subverticillata	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
8	南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
9	绒毛山胡椒 Lindera nacusua	樟科 Lauraceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
10	香木莲 Manglietia aromatica	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
11	云贵鹅耳枥 Carpinus pubescens	桦木科 Betulaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
12	掌叶木 Handeliodendron bodinieri	无患子科 Sapindaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
13	中华野独活 Miliusa sinensis	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
14	紫弹树 Celtis biondii	大麻科 Cannabaceae	乔木 Tree	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
15	柏拉木 Blastus cochinchinensis	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
16	常春藤 Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
17	粗叶悬钩子 Rubus alceifolius	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
18	滇鼠刺 Itea yunnanensis	鼠刺科 Iteaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑外 Outside
19	短序鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum bodinieri	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
20	贵州鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum guizhouense	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
21	黑龙骨 Periploca forrestii	夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
22	假通草 Brassaiopsis ciliata	五加科 Araliaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
23	伞房荚蒾 Viburnum corymbiflorum	五福花科 Adoxaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
24	喜花草 Eranthemum pulchellum	爵床科 Acanthaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
25	苎麻 Boehmeria nivea	荨麻科 Urticaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
26	清风藤 Sabia japonica	清风藤科 Sabiaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
27	崖爬藤 Tetrastigma obtectum	葡萄科 Vitaceae	灌木 Shrub	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
28	板蓝 Strobilanthes cusia	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
29	赤车 Pellionia radicans	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
30	短叶赤车 Pellionia brevifolia	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
36	冷水花 Pilea notata	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
37	楼梯草 Elatostema involucratum	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
38	庐山楼梯草 Elatostema stewardii	荨麻科 Urticaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
39	球花马蓝 Strobilanthes dimorphotricha	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
40	天胡荽金腰 Chrysosplenium hydrocotylifolium	虎耳草科 Saxifragaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
41	野靛棵 Justicia patentiflora	爵床科 Acanthaceae	草本 Herb	双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae	坑内 Inside
42	篌竹 Phyllostachys nidularia	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
43	芒 Miscanthus sinensis	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
44	奇异南星 Arisaema decipiens	天南星科 Araceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
45	十字薹草 Carex cruciata	莎草科 Cyperaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
46	石山棕 Guihaia argyrata	棕榈科 Arecaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
47	万寿竹 Disporum cantoniense	秋水仙科 Colchicaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
48	显子草 Phaenosperma globosum	禾本科 Gramineae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑外 Outside
49	小果野蕉 Musa acuminata	芭蕉科 Musaceae	草本 Herb	单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae	坑内 Inside
50	半边旗 Pteris semipinnata	凤尾蕨科 Pteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
51	抱石莲 Lemmaphyllum drymoglossoides	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
52	变异鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris varia	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
53	大平鳞毛蕨 Dryopteris bodinieri	鳞毛蕨科 Dryopteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
54	盾蕨 Lepisorus ovatus	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
55	光石韦 Pyrrosia calvata	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
56	红色新月蕨 Pronephrium lakhimpurense	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
57	华南毛蕨 Cyclosorus parasiticus	金星蕨科 Thelypteridaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
58	江南星蕨 Lepisorus fortunei	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内、坑外 Inside, outside
59	介蕨 Deparia boryana	蹄盖蕨科 Athyriaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
60	里白 Diplopterygium glaucum	里白科 Gleicheniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
61	肾蕨 Nephrolepis cordifolia	肾蕨科 Nephrolepidaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑外 Outside
62	狭翅巢蕨 Asplenium antrophyoides	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
63	狭翅铁角蕨 Asplenium wrightii	铁角蕨科 Aspleniaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside
64	友水龙骨 Goniophlebium amoenum	水龙骨科 Polypodiaceae	草本 Herb	蕨类植物 Pteridopsida	坑内 Inside

位置 Position (n)	LCC (g·kg^-1)	LNC (g·kg^-1)	LPC (g·kg^-1)	LKC (g·kg^-1)	LCaC (g·kg^-1)	LMgC (g·kg^-1)
坑内 Inside the Tiankeng (89)	419.303 ± 69.705^b	28.790 ± 10.728^a	1.845 ± 0.974^a	19.476 ± 8.211^a	20.006 ± 9.755^a	5.673 ± 4.380^a
坑外 Outside the Tiankeng (52)	445.907 ± 30.621^a	16.073 ± 4.999^b	1.104 ± 0.262^b	15.806 ± 5.451^b	17.297 ± 8.775^a	4.632 ± 2.195^a
p	0.006	0.000	0.000	0.010	0.096	0.378
位置 Position (n)	C:N	C:P	C:K	N:P	N:K	P:K
坑内 Inside the Tiankeng (89)	18.470 ± 10.129^b	294.927 ± 129.124^b	28.327 ± 22.515^b	17.829 ± 6.978^a	1.656 ± 0.893^a	0.101 ± 0.060^a
坑外 Outside the Tiankeng (52)	29.326 ± 12.998^a	394.417 ± 132.481^a	31.819 ± 13.053^a	14.643 ± 5.722^b	1.244 ± 0.642^b	0.094 ± 0.061^a
p	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.010	0.002	0.293

广西大石围天坑群植物叶片养分特征及其适应性

Nutrient characteristics and adaptability of plant leaves in Tiankeng Complex of Dashiwei, Guangxi, China

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生活型 Life form (n)	LCC (g·kg^-1)	LNC (g·kg^-1)	LPC (g·kg^-1)	LKC (g·kg^-1)	LCaC (g·kg^-1)	LMgC (g·kg^-1)
木本 Woody (53)	449.043 ± 54.227^a	22.947 ± 9.998^a	1.789 ± 1.241^a	16.736 ± 7.847^b	18.141 ± 10.305^a	2.881 ± 2.565^b
草本 Herbaceous (88)	417.112 ± 52.692^b	24.795 ± 11.447^a	1.440 ± 0.489^a	18.957 ± 7.213^a	19.528 ± 8.942^a	6.739 ± 3.611^a
p	0.004	0.203	0.210	0.018	0.194	0.000
落叶树 Deciduous tree (17)	445.712 ± 59.475^A	23.708 ± 8.806^A	1.924 ± 1.611^A	18.760 ± 10.537^A	16.475 ± 8.698^A	1.938 ± 1.656^B
常绿树 Evergreen tree (36)	450.616 ± 52.382^A	22.587 ± 10.613^A	1.725 ± 1.044^A	15.781 ± 6.149^A	18.928 ± 11.009^A	3.336 ± 2.808^A
p	0.122	0.801	0.107	0.101	0.425	0.039
生活型 Life forms (n)	C:N	C:P	C:K	N:P	N:K	P:K
木本 Woody (53)	22.775 ± 9.297^a	342.561 ± 170.240^a	35.824 ± 25.961^a	15.681 ± 7.570^b	1.631 ± 0.956^a	0.123 ± 0.078^a
草本 Herbaceous (88)	22.291 ± 13.983^a	325.028 ± 115.967^a	25.875 ± 13.295^b	17.240 ± 6.090^a	1.427 ± 0.741^a	0.084 ± 0.041^b
p	0.073	0.438	0.023	0.009	0.204	0.002
落叶树 Deciduous tree (17)	21.610 ± 11.052^A	393.173 ± 177.754^A	38.795 ± 39.280^A	19.390 ± 7.614^A	1.766 ± 1.233^A	0.099 ± 0.079^B
常绿树 Evergreen tree (36)	23.325 ± 8.462^A	318.661 ± 163.654^A	34.421 ± 17.021^A	13.930 ± 6.987^B	1.568 ± 0.806^A	0.134 ± 0.077^A
p	0.492	0.265	0.226	0.000	0.665	0.015

系统发育 Phylogeny (n)	LCC (g·kg^-1)	LNC (g·kg^-1)	LPC (g·kg^-1)	LKC (g·kg^-1)	LCaC (g·kg^-1)	LMgC (g·kg^-1)
双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae (92)	420.892 ± 62.289^a	27.219 ± 10.759^a	1.753 ± 0.986^a	18.213 ± 7.498^a	21.533 ± 9.578^a	5.424 ± 4.357^ab
单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae (17)	447.453 ± 27.155^a	18.806 ± 7.971^b	1.388 ± 0.446^a	16.737 ± 9.672^a	13.561 ± 7.055^b	3.332 ± 1.806^b
蕨类植物 Pteridopsida (32)	443.012 ± 38.182^a	17.945 ± 9.116^b	1.147 ± 0.353^b	18.597 ± 6.318^a	14.637 ± 7.393^b	5.940 ± 1.874^a
p	0.052	0.000	0.000	0.313	0.000	0.029
系统发育 Phylogeny (n)	C:N	C:P	C:K	N:P	N:K	P:K
双子叶植物 Dicotyledonae (92)	18.502 ± 9.192^b	300.786 ± 148.059^b	30.136 ± 22.621^a	17.547 ± 7.073^a	1.697 ± 0.834^a	0.111 ± 0.068^a
单子叶植物 Monocotyledonae (17)	28.048 ± 12.069^a	348.927 ± 96.371^ab	33.051 ± 15.930^a	13.862 ± 4.745^a	1.352 ± 0.894^b	0.095 ± 0.037^a
蕨类植物 Pteridopsida (32)	30.928 ± 15.269^a	411.067 ± 89.665^a	26.290 ± 8.969^a	15.569 ± 6.041^a	1.028 ± 0.557^b	0.066 ± 0.024^b
p	0.000	0.000	0.135	0.087	0.000	0.000

化学计量 Stoichiometry	生境 Habitat	生活型 Life form	系统发育 Phylogeny	生境×生活型 Habitat × life form	生境×系统发育 Habitat × phylogeny	生活型×系统发育 Life form × phylogeny	生境×生活型×系统发育 Habitat × life form × phylogeny
C	0.464	4.466^*	3.551^*	2.754	2.169	2.834	1.493
N	15.703^**	4.166^*	6.282^*	1.055	0.671	1.626	0.983
P	12.155^**	0.294	1.066	1.391	0.080	0.362	0.721
K	12.776^**	4.375^*	0.273	2.359	1.260	0.762	0.463
Ca	0.005	10.085^**	9.395^**	5.355^*	0.572	3.231^*	0.600
Mg	0.479	17.443^**	6.517^*	2.760	1.221	4.583^*	0.736
C:N	5.357^*	4.880^*	10.842^**	3.219^*	0.546	2.917	0.418
C:P	6.408^*	2.396	3.882^*	10.002^**	0.472	1.736	0.613
C:K	1.411	5.779^*	1.497	2.478	0.439	0.678	0.073
N:P	0.308	5.095^*	2.174	1.056	0.522	0.082	0.047
N:K	0.130	1.216	3.737^*	4.256^*	2.061	1.037	0.027
P:K	0.205	6.414^*	1.681	4.517^*	0.644	1.138	0.031

环境因子 Environmental factor	贡献率 Contribution rate (%)	F	p
土壤C:N Soil C:N	28.8	5.0	0.004
土壤N:P Soil N:P	24.5	3.2	0.036
土壤P含量 Soil P content	19.3	5.0	0.002
土壤C含量 Soil C content	10.0	1.9	0.164
土壤C:P Soil C:P	6.0	1.7	0.198
坡度 Slope	4.5	1.3	0.278
土壤N含量 Soil N content	3.8	1.1	0.348
土壤含水量 Soil water content	1.5	0.4	0.678
土pH Soil pH	1.0	0.2	0.848
海拔 Altitude	0.7	0.1	0.918

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