鼎湖山9种常见树木细根组织N浓度的季节变化

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01106

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根系在植物养分吸收、生理代谢和生态系统过程中发挥着重要作用, 然而我们对根系结构与功能的了解十分有限。以往对根系的研究往往用直径大小定义细根, 忽略了细根系统内部结构和功能的异质性。近年来的研究表明, 细根系统中的根级(root order)与根的功能有较好的相关性, 低级根个体多属于短命的吸收根。温带森林的研究表明, 非木质化的吸收根在氮(N)浓度上呈现显著的季节变化, 而与木质化的结构性根缺少N浓度的季节变化形成鲜明对比。该研究通过研究亚热带树木不同根级N浓度的季节变化, 试图验证假说: 木本植物中, 非木质化的根中N浓度具有明显的季节变化是一个普遍现象。通过对鼎湖山常见的9种木本植物不同根级的研究, 证实了在1年内的6个采样时段, 各根级的N浓度之间都存在显著差异; 与温带树种不同, 各树种不同根级的N浓度变化呈现不同的季节格局, 这与假说不符。因此认为温带与亚热带森林生态系统之间的环境差异以及树种之间的差异是导致亚热带树种低级根的N浓度季节变化不显著, 而三、四级根变化相对显著的主要原因。这些发现对于认识树木根系统内及个体水平的N分配与利用格局具有重要的意义。

结果 Fruition

关键词: 鼎湖山, 根级, 季节动态, 组织N浓度

Abstract:

Aims Roots play an important role in the acquisition of soil resources and ecosystem processes. In this study, roots of nine subtropical tree species were studied to: 1) examine root diameter, specific root length and tissue N concentrations of different root branch orders in various tree species; 2) identify seasonal patterns of root N concentration; and 3) test the hypothesis that roots of lower orders have more marked seasonal patterns of N as they belong to a foundational module that is functionally different from higher order roots.
Methods Nine tree species in Dinghushan, Guangdong were studied. Roots were sampled from at least three trees of each species in the same plot at six different times during one year, and individual roots were separated according to branch orders. We measured root diameter, specific root length and tissue N concentrations of each order of all nine species. Variations of root N concentrations among orders in each species were analyzed by one-way ANOVA.
Important findings There were significant differences in root N concentration among different branch orders, with first and second orders having consistently higher N concentrations than higher orders, as expected. However, contrary to our hypothesis, the first two orders, which should belong to the rapid-cycling fraction of tree root systems, did not demonstrate the most marked seasonal changes in N concentration. Thus, the marked seasonal patterns in N concentrations in lower order roots found in temperate trees may not occur in subtropical trees. We suggest this contrast between temperate and subtropical trees may be related to N storage patterns in roots in temperate trees due to distinct phenology and the lack of distinct seasonality in subtropical trees. More study is needed to identify specific mechanisms that regulate N concentrations in roots and other plant tissues in subtropical vs. temperate trees.

Key words: Dinghushan, root order, seasonal variation, tissue N concentration

银森录, 孔德良, 郭大立. 鼎湖山9种常见树木细根组织N浓度的季节变化. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(11): 1106-1116. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01106

YIN Sen-Lu, KONG De-Liang, GUO Da-Li. Seasonal variation of fine root tissue N concentration of nine common tree species in Dinghushan, Guangdong, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(11): 1106-1116. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01106

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I11/1106

图/表 6

参考文献 46

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物种 Species	科 Family	采样地点 Sampling plot	样地林型 Stand type	采样植株胸径 DBHof trees sampled (cm)	表土(0-10 cm) N浓度 0-10 cm soil N concentration (mg·g^-1)
木荷 Schima superba	山茶科 Theaceae	样地1 Plot 1	木荷-锥栗 Schima superba-Castanopsis chinensis	≥15	1.11
罗伞 Ardisia quinquegona	紫金牛科 Podocarpaceae	样地1 Plot 1	木荷-锥栗 Schima superba-Castanopsis chinensis	≥3	1.11
厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	樟科 Lauraceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	≥20	3.59
黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna	樟科 Lauraceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	5-15	3.59
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum	茜草科 Rubiaceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	≥10	3.59
红车 Syzygium hancei	桃金娘科 Myrtaceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	≥10	3.59
火力楠 Michelia macclurei	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	样地3 Plot 3	火力楠-木荷-马尾松 Michelia macclurei-Schima superba-Pinus massoniana	≥15	1.04
山鸡椒 Listea cubeba	樟科 Lauraceae	样地3 Plot 3	火力楠-马尾松-木荷 Michelia macclurei-Schima superba-Pinus massoniana	3-5	1.04
鼎湖合欢 Albizia turgida	苏木科 Hypericaceae	样地4 Plot 4	樟树-鼎湖血桐-水翁 Cinnamomum camphora-Macaranga sampsonii- Cleistocalyx operculatus	5-10	2.64

物种 Species	科 Family	采样地点 Sampling plot	样地林型 Stand type	采样植株胸径 DBHof trees sampled (cm)	表土(0-10 cm) N浓度 0-10 cm soil N concentration (mg·g^-1)
木荷 Schima superba	山茶科 Theaceae	样地1 Plot 1	木荷-锥栗 Schima superba-Castanopsis chinensis	≥15	1.11
罗伞 Ardisia quinquegona	紫金牛科 Podocarpaceae	样地1 Plot 1	木荷-锥栗 Schima superba-Castanopsis chinensis	≥3	1.11
厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	樟科 Lauraceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	≥20	3.59
黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna	樟科 Lauraceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	5-15	3.59
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum	茜草科 Rubiaceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	≥10	3.59
红车 Syzygium hancei	桃金娘科 Myrtaceae	样地2 Plot 2	木荷-厚壳桂-黄果厚壳桂 Schima superba-Cryptocarya chinensis-Cryptocarya concinna	≥10	3.59
火力楠 Michelia macclurei	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	样地3 Plot 3	火力楠-木荷-马尾松 Michelia macclurei-Schima superba-Pinus massoniana	≥15	1.04
山鸡椒 Listea cubeba	樟科 Lauraceae	样地3 Plot 3	火力楠-马尾松-木荷 Michelia macclurei-Schima superba-Pinus massoniana	3-5	1.04
鼎湖合欢 Albizia turgida	苏木科 Hypericaceae	样地4 Plot 4	樟树-鼎湖血桐-水翁 Cinnamomum camphora-Macaranga sampsonii- Cleistocalyx operculatus	5-10	2.64

物种 Species	采样时间 Sampling time (year-month)
物种 Species	2010-1	2010-4	2010-6	2010-8	2010-10	2011-1
木荷 Schima superba	新叶 New leaves				结果 Fruition	落叶 Leaf fall
罗伞 Ardisia quinquegona			花期 Florescence
厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis		新叶 New leaves
黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna			新叶 New leaves
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum			新叶 New leaves
红车 Syzygium hancei			新叶 New leaves
火力楠 Michelia macclurei	花期 Florescence	新叶 New leaves				花期 Florescence
山鸡椒 Listea cubeba	落叶/花期 Leaf fall/florescence	新叶/结果 New leaves/fruition				落叶/结果 Leaf fall/ fruition
鼎湖合欢 Albizia turgida		新叶 New leaves

物种 Species	采样时间 Sampling time (year-month)
物种 Species	2010-1	2010-4	2010-6	2010-8	2010-10	2011-1
木荷 Schima superba	新叶 New leaves				结果 Fruition	落叶 Leaf fall
罗伞 Ardisia quinquegona			花期 Florescence
厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis		新叶 New leaves
黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna			新叶 New leaves
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum			新叶 New leaves
红车 Syzygium hancei			新叶 New leaves
火力楠 Michelia macclurei	花期 Florescence	新叶 New leaves				花期 Florescence
山鸡椒 Listea cubeba	落叶/花期 Leaf fall/florescence	新叶/结果 New leaves/fruition				落叶/结果 Leaf fall/ fruition
鼎湖合欢 Albizia turgida		新叶 New leaves

树种 Species	根级 Root order	根直径 Root diameter (mm)	根长度 Root length (cm)	比根长 Specific root length (m·g^-1)
木荷 Schima superba	1	0.20 (0.03)	0.26 (0.10)	46.78
	2	0.25 (0.05)	0.70 (0.29)	36.38
	3	0.32 (0.05)	2.25 (0.75)	35.28
	4	0.52 (0.10)	3.53 (2.02)	17.08
	5	0.96 (0.19)	4.94 (1.92)	5.51
罗伞 Ardisia quinquegona	1	0.44 (0.05)	1.02 (0.43)	15.13
	2	0.53 (0.08)	2.39 (1.00)	11.10
	3	0.74 (0.09)	5.51 (1.73)	3.28
	4	1.08 (0.08)	15.25 (3.77)	1.50
	5	1.59 (0.14)	22.34 (5.19)	0.70
厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	1	0.83 (0.11)	1.75 (0.84)	7.51
	2	1.00 (0.15)	4.97 (2.75)	7.57
	3	1.31 (0.16)	13.49 (4.15)	2.51
	4	1.54 (0.15)	34.06 (11.43)	1.61
	5	2.10 (0.45)	90.13 (15.63)	0.70
黄果厚壳桂 Cryptocarya concinna	1	0.46 (0.08)	0.82 (0.31)	12.83
	2	0.64 (0.11)	2.43 (0.91)	7.39
	3	0.83 (0.14)	5.99 (3.13)	4.38
	4	1.11 (0.23)	12.40 (4.47)	1.60
	5	1.73 (0.22)	32.85 (11.99)	0.71
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum	1	0.53 (0.06)	1.00 (0.41)	11.98
	2	0.62 (0.07)	2.20 (0.99)	8.52
	3	0.73 (0.13)	5.47 (2.79)	5.34
	4	1.02 (0.12)	11.17 (8.59)	2.38
	5	1.65 (0.10)	19.32 (8.87)	0.53
红车 Syzygium hancei	1	0.17 (0.02)	0.22 (0.05)	61.36
	2	0.22 (0.03)	1.04 (0.22)	52.05
	3	0.32 (0.07)	2.30 (0.53)	20.68
	4	0.49 (0.06)	5.49 (1.27)	12.43
	5	0.98 (0.24)	8.67 (3.28)	3.82
火力楠 Michelia macclurei	1	0.58 (0.09)	1.08 (0.37)	19.59
	2	0.65 (0.08)	2.07 (0.73)	12.37
	3	0.79 (0.13)	4.36 (2.28)	4.24
	4	1.03 (0.18)	8.32 (2.68)	3.40
	5	1.75 (0.34)	15.78 (4.02)	1.29
山鸡椒 Listea cubeba	1	0.46 (0.08)	0.56 (0.18)	15.65
	2	0.61 (0.07)	1.88 (0.59)	11.93
	3	0.86 (0.10)	4.58 (0.84)	7.83
	4	1.08 (0.14)	9.09 (2.65)	1.83
	5	1.57 (0.22)	28.49 (5.19)	0.63
鼎湖合欢 Albizia turgida	1	0.29 (0.04)	1.17 (0.36)	35.78
	2	0.35 (0.07)	2.33 (0.62)	21.81
	3	0.45 (0.07)	2.84 (0.70)	14.49
	4	0.52 (0.09)	4.36 (0.96)	10.09
	5	0.78 (0.11)	7.44 (1.55)	4.63