盐碱胁迫下羊草植硅体的形态变化

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01148

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对6个不同盐碱度梯度环境的羊草(Leymus chinensis)群落中生长状况良好的羊草进行人工筛选, 选取其中长势相近、叶片大小一致的羊草叶片, 用湿式灰化法提取植硅体并对其进行分类和命名, 共统计植硅体3387粒, 鉴定出植硅体类型10类, 分别是平顶帽型、尖顶帽型、刺帽型、光滑棒型、刺棒型、似牛角棒型、尖型、板型、蜂窝状和其他类型。随着盐碱浓度的增加, 帽型、棒型、尖型、板型和蜂窝型都有不同程度的变化。帽型植硅体的百分含量都有不同程度的增加, 6组样品中同种形态植硅体的大小有一定差别, 植硅体的大小随着盐碱度的升高呈现出不同程度的变化, 总体上有增大的趋势。

关键词: 羊草, 古环境, 植硅体, 盐碱胁迫, 松嫩草地

Abstract:

Aims Our objective is to study changes of phytoliths in Leymus chinensis quantitatively under saline-alkali stress to assist reconstruction of saline paleoenvironments.
Methods We selected similarly sized leaves ofL. chinensis under six different saline-alkali levels and extracted phytoliths with the wet ashing method.
Important findings We identified and named 10 categories and 3 387 phytoliths: flat-topped rondel, peaked rondel, barbed rondel, smooth elongate, sinus elongate, horn-ends elongate, pointed, plate, favose and other types. With increased salt concentration, rondel, elongate, pointed, plate and favose changed. The percentage of rondel increased in all groups. The same type of phytolith had differences in morphology and percentage among groups. All types of phytoliths increased in size with saline-alkali stress.

Key words: Leymus chinensis, paleoenvironment, phytolith, saline-alkali stress, Songnen Grassland

耿云霞, 李依玲, 朱莎, 朱精精, 姜俊丞, 牛洪昊, 介冬梅. 盐碱胁迫下羊草植硅体的形态变化. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(11): 1148-1155. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01148

GENG Yun-Xia, LI Yi-Ling, ZHU Sha, ZHU Jing-Jing, JIANG Jun-Cheng, NIU Hong-Hao, JIE Dong-Mei. Morphological changes of phytoliths in Leymus chinensis under saline-alkali stress. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(11): 1148-1155. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01148

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01148

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I11/1148

图/表 6

参考文献 31

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样地 Sampling site	1	2	3	4	5	6
pH	10.39 ± 0.3	10.39 ± 0.3	10.39 ± 0.3	10.42 ± 0.4	10.53 ± 0.3	10.52 ± 0.3
电导率 Electric conductivity (μs·cm^-1)	7 850 ± 25	7 850 ± 30	6 100 ± 18	4 550 ± 15	2 850 ± 15	1 570 ± 10

样地 Sampling site	1	2	3	4	5	6
pH	10.39 ± 0.3	10.39 ± 0.3	10.39 ± 0.3	10.42 ± 0.4	10.53 ± 0.3	10.52 ± 0.3
电导率 Electric conductivity (μs·cm^-1)	7 850 ± 25	7 850 ± 30	6 100 ± 18	4 550 ± 15	2 850 ± 15	1 570 ± 10

类型 Type	1	2	3	4	5	6
帽型 Rondel	54.6	65.5	71.6	67.2	68.3	74.8
平顶帽型 Rondel flat	29.6	34.4	36.9	35.8	29.8	38.1
尖顶帽型 Rondel ridge	23.8	29.0	33.3	29.7	37.1	35.8
刺帽型 Rondel echinate	1.1	2.1	1.7	1.7	1.5	0.9
棒型 Elongate	18.3	7.3	10.2	10.3	6.5	9.1
光滑棒型 Elongate smooth	7.6	2.2	3.3	4.3	3.9	4.2
刺棒型 Elongate echinate	10.7	4.7	5.7	5.8	2.3	4.7
似牛角棒型 Elongate horn-ends	0.0	0.3	1.1	0.2	0.3	0.2
尖型 Point	13.6	19.6	9.0	11.0	14.3	8.4
板型 Tabular	1.8	1.6	1.1	0.4	1.5	1.6
蜂窝状 Favose	2.1	1.1	1.7	0.4	0.7	1.1
其他 Others	9.6	5.0	6.5	10.6	8.7	5.1
百分含量 Percentage	100	100	100	100	100	100
总数 Total	449	634	542	464	726	572

类型 Type	1	2	3	4	5	6
帽型 Rondel	54.6	65.5	71.6	67.2	68.3	74.8
平顶帽型 Rondel flat	29.6	34.4	36.9	35.8	29.8	38.1
尖顶帽型 Rondel ridge	23.8	29.0	33.3	29.7	37.1	35.8
刺帽型 Rondel echinate	1.1	2.1	1.7	1.7	1.5	0.9
棒型 Elongate	18.3	7.3	10.2	10.3	6.5	9.1
光滑棒型 Elongate smooth	7.6	2.2	3.3	4.3	3.9	4.2
刺棒型 Elongate echinate	10.7	4.7	5.7	5.8	2.3	4.7
似牛角棒型 Elongate horn-ends	0.0	0.3	1.1	0.2	0.3	0.2
尖型 Point	13.6	19.6	9.0	11.0	14.3	8.4
板型 Tabular	1.8	1.6	1.1	0.4	1.5	1.6
蜂窝状 Favose	2.1	1.1	1.7	0.4	0.7	1.1
其他 Others	9.6	5.0	6.5	10.6	8.7	5.1
百分含量 Percentage	100	100	100	100	100	100
总数 Total	449	634	542	464	726	572

类型 Type	样品Sample	a (μm) 平均值±标准误差 Mean ±SD	值域 Range	b (μm) 平均值±标准误差 Mean ±SD	值域 Range	c(μm) 平均值±标准误差 Mean ± SD	值域 Range
帽型 Rondel 平顶帽型 Rondel flat 尖顶帽型 Rondel ridge 刺帽型 Rondel echinate	1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6	14.7 ± 3.3 14.6 ± 2.8 14.5 ± 2.5 14.9 ± 2.9 13.7 ± 2.9 12.8 ± 2.7 12.8 ± 2.3 11.8 ± 1.0 14.2 ± 2.2 13.8 ± 2.5 12.2 ± 2.2 11.9 ± 2.1 13.8 ± 2.3 14.1 ± 2.6 15.4 ± 2.7 15.4 ± 3.4 14.4 ± 5.2 12.7 ± 3.5	7.2-33.6 8.1-24.3 9.7-24.9 8.6-25.8 9.5-24.5 8.1-25.4 8.3-19.9 8.5-18.1 9.2-21.3 8.5-24.4 7.4-26.5 8.6-19.9 12.5-17.5 9.8-18.2 11-19.9 6-16.4 9.1-26.5 9.2-18.4	10.7 ± 3.3 9.7 ± 2.9 10.7 ± 3.0 11.2 ± 3.1 10.1 ± 2.8 10.1 ± 2.6 9.9 ± 2.3 9.3 ± 1.7 11.0 ± 2.2 10.7 ± 2.3 9.7 ± 2.5 10.2 ± 2.3 7.6 ± 1.2 7.3 ± 0.9 9.4 ± 1.7 8.2 ± 2.2 7.4 ± 2.1 9.5 ± 4.1	2.7-24.8 3.6-18.0 3.0-20.2 3.3-22.9 4.8-18.3 4.2-21.7 4.0-16.9 4.5-14.5 3.5-17.7 3.7-18.0 3.8-26.6 4.5-16.7 5.6-7.8 5.4-9.2 8.3-13.4 5.4-10.9 4.6-12.0 6.3-15.3	7.2 ± 2.7 6.3 ± 1.8 7.3 ± 2.1 7.4 ± 2.3 6.7 ± 2.4 6.3 ± 2.2 8.2 ± 2.3 8.5 ± 2.1 8.9 ± 1.8 7.5 ± 2.4 7.7 ± 1.9 8.4 ± 2.3	2.0-14.0 2.3-12.6 2.7-11.8 3.2-13.1 1.9-13.8 2.2-13.3 1.9-13.9 4.2-14.2 5.3-13.7 4.5-14.2 2.7-12.4 3.2-14.8
棒型 Elongate 光滑棒型 Elongate smooth 刺棒型 Elongate echinate	1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6	51.1 ± 24.6 60.4 ± 30.9 82.8 ± 45.7 70.2 ± 24.3 34.9 ± 36.9 98.3 ± 46.6 50.7 ± 17.2 75.7 ± 28.9 86.2 ± 35.1 48.5 ± 38.8 72.5 ± 38.3 106.8 ± 33.2	15.7-96.4 28.8-120.6 22.3-178.4 26.6-98.9 9.6-165.6 35.2-175.8 28.8-87.0 50.7-129.0 42.6-119.8 28.9-170.7 30.0-152.0 42.4-156.1	7.5 ± 3.3 9.4 ± 5.6 10.4 ± 5.4 10.5 ± 6.1 5.0 ± 4.5 7.0 ± 5.6 12.0 ± 3.5 13.6 ± 3.4 10.7 ± 4.2 10.1 ± 5.1 14.3 ± 4.3 9.8 ± 7.6	4.5-16.2 6.1-23.0 4.7-19.6 3.5-23.1 2.9-20.7 3.2-25.1 4.6-19.2 8.7-18.6 4.8-24.3 4.5-22.0 10.3-27.8 4.9-14.2
尖型 Point	1 2 3 4 5 6	16.5 ± 14.2 20.1 ± 13.8 21.9 ± 11.7 17.9 ± 11.5 12.7 ± 7.3 20.5 ± 9.6	6.0-79.1 6.3-62.7 7.5-61.1 7.5-60.7 4.2-52.47 9.2-48.9	10.0 ± 4.5 11.4 ± 7.5 12.4 ± 4.4 9.4 ± 5.3 7.2 ± 4.6 11.2 ± 6.6	4.3-23.1 3.6-55.8 4.5-23.7 3.9-27.8 3.0-39.2 5.4-36.5
板型 Tabular	1 2 3 4 5 6	24.0 ± 14.7 21.2 ± 7.0 27.5 ± 23.0 23.9 ± 5.2 21.3 ± 10.6 21.9 ± 11.3	12.6-53.7 10.5-35.7 14.6-78.3 20.2-27.6 13.6-45.9 14.0-44.3	13.2 ± 5.3 11.2 ± 6.4 15.8 ± 7.7 13.2 ± 0.4 13.1 ± 5.1 15.1 ± 7.3	8.0-25.2 7.6-24.8 10.4-30.5 12.9-13.5 7.4-24.8 8.6-32.6
蜂窝 Favose	1 2 3 4 5 6	26.6 ± 6.7 33.6 ± 7.5 31.7 ± 23.4 29.3 ± 4.5 32.3 ± 4.3 45.8 ± 8.1	18.8-36.5 31.0-45.1 20.6-72.0 26.1-32.4 26.1-32.4 37.5-60.3	17.0 ± 6.4 23.5 ± 3.6 20.0 ± 4.0 23.0 ± 1.2 23.6 ± 3.4 28.0 ± 8.9	13.3-27.9 21.3-28.3 14.6-23.5 22.1-23.8 16.3-24.7 25.3-45.2