中国特有濒危树种毛红椿核心和边缘居群的遗传多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选用8对多态的微卫星引物, 研究了毛红椿(Toona ciliata var. pubescens)核心居群和边缘居群的遗传多样性。研究结果显示, 边缘居群的观察等位基因数和有效等位基因数并不比核心居群低, 甚至更高。普通广布和稀有地方等位基因在所有居群中均有分布, 而普通地方和稀有广布等位基因分别仅在5个和3个居群中有分布。从4种类型等位基因总数上看, 边缘居群高于核心居群, 特别是边缘居群的稀有地方等位基因数量明显多于核心居群。边缘居群的平均期望杂合度和观察杂合度都高于核心居群。核心居群间的基因分化系数为0.1520, 边缘居群间为0.3045, 边缘居群与核心居群的遗传分化差异达到显著水平。核心居群间基因流大于1, 而边缘居群间基因流小于1, 说明核心居群间基因交流频繁, 边缘居群由于片段化和地形影响, 基因流较小。Mantel检验结果显示, 居群间遗传距离与地理距离的相关性不显著, 说明地理距离对毛红椿居群遗传分化的影响不显著。

关键词: 核心居群, 濒危树种, 遗传多样性, 边缘居群, 毛红椿

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to elucidate the genetic diversity of central and peripheral populations of Toona ciliata var. pubescens and whether there existed “central-peripheral hypothesis” in these populations.
Methods We analyzed 384 individuals from nine natural populations using eight pairs of polymorphic SSR primers.
Important findings The mean number of observed and expected number of alleles in peripheral populations were not lower, but higher than those in central populations. Common widespread and rare local alleles were distributed in all populations, but common local and rare widespread alleles were found in five and three populations, respectively. Both the observed and expected heterozygosities were higher compared to the central populations. The coefficient of gene differentiation of the peripheral populations was 0.3045, which was significantly higher than that of the central populations (F_ST = 0.152). The gene flow between central populations was greater than one, but less than one between peripheral populations. These indicated that frequent gene flow existed between central populations, while terrain and fragmentation prevented gene flow among peripheral populations. Mantel test indicated no relationship was found between genetic and geographical distance of T. ciliata var. pubescens.

Key words: central populations, endangered tree species, genetic diversity, peripheral populations, Toona ciliata var. pubescens

刘军, 姜景民, 邹军, 徐金良, 沈汉, 刁松峰. 中国特有濒危树种毛红椿核心和边缘居群的遗传多样性. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(1): 52-60. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00006

LIU Jun, JIANG Jing-Min, ZOU Jun, XU Jin-Liang, SHEN Han, DIAO Song-Feng. Genetic diversity of central and peripheral populations of Toona ciliata var. pubescens, an endangered tree species endemic to China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(1): 52-60. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00006

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I1/52

图/表 9

参考文献 33

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居群 Population	所属省份 Province	类型 Type	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔高度 Altitude (m)	采样数量 Sampled number
宜丰	江西	核心居群	114°29′-114°45′ E	28°30′-28°40′ N	220-475	65
Yifeng (YF)	Jiangxi	Central population
泾县	安徽	核心居群	118°35′-118°36′ E	30°31′-30°34′ N	270-497	48
Jingxian (JX)	Anhui	Central population
仙居	浙江	核心居群	120°32′-120°56′ E	28°48′-28°56′ N	600-820	27
Xianju (XJ)	Zhejiang	Central population
遂昌	浙江	核心居群	119°12′-119°23′ E	28°30′-28°36′ N	510-1 220	25
Suichang (SC)	Zhejiang	Central population
宾川	云南	边缘居群	100°16′-101°23′ E	25°02′-25°22′ N	1 404-1 820	60
Binchuan (BC)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
元谋	云南	边缘居群	101°49′-101°52′ E	25°17′-25°40′ N	1 112-1 230	30
Yuanmou (YM)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
武定	云南	边缘居群	102°08′-102°12′ E	25°47′-25°51′ N	1 405-1 802	29
Wuding (WD)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
师宗	云南	边缘居群	103°42′-104°34′ E	24°21′-25°00′ N	812-912	84
Shizong (SZ)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
册亨	贵州	边缘居群	105°40′-105°52′ E	24°36′-24°55′ N	620-810	24
Ceheng (CH)	Guizhou	Peripheral population

居群 Population	所属省份 Province	类型 Type	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔高度 Altitude (m)	采样数量 Sampled number
宜丰	江西	核心居群	114°29′-114°45′ E	28°30′-28°40′ N	220-475	65
Yifeng (YF)	Jiangxi	Central population
泾县	安徽	核心居群	118°35′-118°36′ E	30°31′-30°34′ N	270-497	48
Jingxian (JX)	Anhui	Central population
仙居	浙江	核心居群	120°32′-120°56′ E	28°48′-28°56′ N	600-820	27
Xianju (XJ)	Zhejiang	Central population
遂昌	浙江	核心居群	119°12′-119°23′ E	28°30′-28°36′ N	510-1 220	25
Suichang (SC)	Zhejiang	Central population
宾川	云南	边缘居群	100°16′-101°23′ E	25°02′-25°22′ N	1 404-1 820	60
Binchuan (BC)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
元谋	云南	边缘居群	101°49′-101°52′ E	25°17′-25°40′ N	1 112-1 230	30
Yuanmou (YM)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
武定	云南	边缘居群	102°08′-102°12′ E	25°47′-25°51′ N	1 405-1 802	29
Wuding (WD)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
师宗	云南	边缘居群	103°42′-104°34′ E	24°21′-25°00′ N	812-912	84
Shizong (SZ)	Yunnan	Peripheral population
册亨	贵州	边缘居群	105°40′-105°52′ E	24°36′-24°55′ N	620-810	24
Ceheng (CH)	Guizhou	Peripheral population

位点 Loci	GenBank Accession No.	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)	重复序列 Repeat motif	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)	等位基因大小 Allele size (bp)
Tc01	DQ778303	F: TCAATGCAATTTAGGAGGAA	(GA)₈	52	240-291
		R: TGCTTGTTGAACCCTGTG
Tc02	DQ453904	F: TAGGAAAGGCAAGGTGGG	(AG)₁₄	55	109-120
		R: GGGTGGTCGATGAGGGTT
Tc03	DQ453907	F: GATTACGCCAGGCAAACG	(CT)₆	55	230-320
		R: TTGAATATGGGAGAAGGT
Tc04	DQ453906	F: GAAACCAGCAGGCAGAGC	(AG)₁₀	55	110-230
		R: GAAGAAGGGTGAGCGAGA
Tc05	DQ453905	F: AGTAATAGCCTGTAGAGCAG	(AG)₁₃	55	120-242
		R: AGAGTGGGGTGGTCGATGAG
Tc06	DQ453903	F: GACTCGTGACACTTAGCCTGTA	(TTTCTC)₇	55	121-231
		R: CTGGCGTAATCATGGTCATAC
Tc07	DQ453912	F: ATGGATGAGTGTGCGATAGG	(TC)₇	55	182-280
		R: TGTGATGTAGGAGTCTGAAC
Tc08	DQ453914	F: TGTCTCAGTTTATGCTGGCGT	(TC)₈	55	170-260
		R: CTGCCCAATCAACAAGAG

位点 Loci	GenBank Accession No.	引物序列 Primer sequence (5′-3′)	重复序列 Repeat motif	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)	等位基因大小 Allele size (bp)
Tc01	DQ778303	F: TCAATGCAATTTAGGAGGAA	(GA)₈	52	240-291
		R: TGCTTGTTGAACCCTGTG
Tc02	DQ453904	F: TAGGAAAGGCAAGGTGGG	(AG)₁₄	55	109-120
		R: GGGTGGTCGATGAGGGTT
Tc03	DQ453907	F: GATTACGCCAGGCAAACG	(CT)₆	55	230-320
		R: TTGAATATGGGAGAAGGT
Tc04	DQ453906	F: GAAACCAGCAGGCAGAGC	(AG)₁₀	55	110-230
		R: GAAGAAGGGTGAGCGAGA
Tc05	DQ453905	F: AGTAATAGCCTGTAGAGCAG	(AG)₁₃	55	120-242
		R: AGAGTGGGGTGGTCGATGAG
Tc06	DQ453903	F: GACTCGTGACACTTAGCCTGTA	(TTTCTC)₇	55	121-231
		R: CTGGCGTAATCATGGTCATAC
Tc07	DQ453912	F: ATGGATGAGTGTGCGATAGG	(TC)₇	55	182-280
		R: TGTGATGTAGGAGTCTGAAC
Tc08	DQ453914	F: TGTCTCAGTTTATGCTGGCGT	(TC)₈	55	170-260
		R: CTGCCCAATCAACAAGAG

位点 Loci	所有居群 All populations		核心居群 Central population		边缘居群 Peripheral population
位点 Loci	观察等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因数 N_e	观察等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因数 N_e	观察等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因数 N_e
Tc01	6.00	3.37	3.00	1.98	5.00	3.64
Tc02	6.00	1.60	3.00	1.73	6.00	1.48
Tc03	6.00	2.57	4.00	2.94	6.00	2.27
Tc04	8.00	3.42	4.00	3.00	6.00	2.57
Tc05	8.00	3.36	3.00	2.93	8.00	2.57
Tc06	8.00	3.87	6.00	3.23	8.00	4.25
Tc07	8.00	3.44	7.00	2.58	8.00	4.06
Tc08	6.00	2.45	6.00	1.82	4.00	2.09
平均值 Mean	7.00	3.01	4.75	2.53	6.38	2.87
标准偏差 SD	1.07	0.74	1.58	0.59	1.51	1.00