柴达木地区野生黑果枸杞种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0097

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)分子标记技术对青海省柴达木地区5个野生黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum)种群的120份样品的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明: 柴达木地区野生黑果枸杞具有很高的遗传多样性, 9对选扩引物共得到1691条清晰条带, 其中多态性条带1678条, 多态性变异率为99.23%, 种群间的有效等位基因数为1.4712, Nei’s基因多样性为0.3245, Shannon信息指数为0.4367。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果表明: 柴达木地区5个黑果枸杞种群的遗传变异主要存在于种群内部(92%), 种群间的遗传分化较小(8%, 遗传分化系数0.08)。黑果枸杞种群间的遗传相似系数介于0.9709-0.9922之间, 平均值为0.9835。种群间的聚类及Mantel检验(γ = 0.3368, p = 0.8064)均表明柴达木地区黑果枸杞种群地理距离与遗传距离之间的相关性不明显; 黑果枸杞个体间的聚类表明同一种群的个体不能完全聚在一起。对同一种源的遗传多样性分析发现, 诺木洪奥斯勒草场的种源内部的遗传变异更为丰富, 这或许可以推断诺木洪可能为柴达木地区野生黑果枸杞种质资源的中心产区。

关键词: 黑果枸杞, 柴达木地区, 遗传多样性, AFLP

Abstract: Aims

Lycium ruthenicum is a perennial shrub plant. It grows among rocks in deserts, and its populations are spatially scattered in the distribution range. The objectives of this study were investigating the population genetic diversity and genetic structure of L. ruthenicum in Qaidam and determining relationships between genetic diversity and environmental factors.

Methods

We analyzed the genetic diversity of 120 individuals from 5 natural populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers.

Important findings

We obtained 1691 unambiguous bands from the nine pairs of selected primers, 1678 bands (99.23%) of which were polymorphic across all individuals. At the species level, the Nei’s gene diversity was 0.3649, and the Shannon’s information index was 0.5422. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis indicated that most variations (92.0%) existed within populations, with only a small proportion of total variations residing among populations (8.0%, genetic differentiation coefficient is 0.08). The genetic similarity among the populations ranged from 0.9709 to 0.9922 with an average of 0.9835. Results of the Mantel test (γ = 0.3368, p = 0.8064) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster of the Qaidam populations indicated that the correlation between geographical distance and genetic distance was not significant. Principal coordinate analysis of all sampled individuals showed that individuals from each population did not cluster together. The genetic diversity of the same population indicated that the L. ruthenicum of Nomhon had high level of genetic variations, which indicated Nomhon is the center of the Qaidam wild L. ruthenicum populations.

Key words: Lycium ruthenicum, Qaidam, genetic diversity, AFLP

王锦楠, 陈进福, 陈武生, 周新洋, 许东, 李际红, 亓晓. 柴达木地区野生黑果枸杞种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(10): 1003-1011. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0097

WANG Jin-Nan,CHEN Jin-Fu,Chen Wu-Sheng,Zhou Xin-Yang,XU Dong,LI Ji-Hong,QI Xiao. Population genetic diversity of wild Lycium ruthenicum in Qaidam inferred from AFLP markers. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(10): 1003-1011. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0097

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0097

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I10/1003

图/表 9

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种群 Population	海拔 Altitude (m)	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Sampling size
德令哈怀头他拉 Huaitoutala, Delingha (DLH1)	2 810	37.25°	96.83°	24
诺木洪贝壳梁 Beikeliang, Nomhon (NMH1)	2 703	36.50°	96.22°	24
诺木洪奥斯勒草场 Osler grassland, Nomhon (NMH2)	2 770	36.45°	96.45°	24
格尔木乌图美仁 Urt Moron, Glomud (GEM1)	2 890	36.88°	93.12°	24
格尔木鱼水河 River water, Glomud (GEM2)	2 750	36.48°	94.95°	24

种群 Population	海拔 Altitude (m)	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Sampling size
德令哈怀头他拉 Huaitoutala, Delingha (DLH1)	2 810	37.25°	96.83°	24
诺木洪贝壳梁 Beikeliang, Nomhon (NMH1)	2 703	36.50°	96.22°	24
诺木洪奥斯勒草场 Osler grassland, Nomhon (NMH2)	2 770	36.45°	96.45°	24
格尔木乌图美仁 Urt Moron, Glomud (GEM1)	2 890	36.88°	93.12°	24
格尔木鱼水河 River water, Glomud (GEM2)	2 750	36.48°	94.95°	24

引物组合 Primer combination	总带数 Total No. of bands	多态带数 No. of polymorphic bands	多态带比例 Percentage of polymorphic bands (%)
E-AAG/M-CAC	182	182	100.00
E-AAG/M-CAG	192	189	98.43
E-ACA/M-CAA	190	189	99.47
E-ACA/M-CAC	180	180	100.00
E-ACT/M-CTT	205	201	98.05
E-AGG/M-CAA	193	193	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAC	177	177	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAG	184	182	98.91
E-AGG/M-CTG	188	185	98.40
合计 Summation	1 691	1 678
平均 Mean	211.40	209.75	99.23

引物组合 Primer combination	总带数 Total No. of bands	多态带数 No. of polymorphic bands	多态带比例 Percentage of polymorphic bands (%)
E-AAG/M-CAC	182	182	100.00
E-AAG/M-CAG	192	189	98.43
E-ACA/M-CAA	190	189	99.47
E-ACA/M-CAC	180	180	100.00
E-ACT/M-CTT	205	201	98.05
E-AGG/M-CAA	193	193	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAC	177	177	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAG	184	182	98.91
E-AGG/M-CTG	188	185	98.40
合计 Summation	1 691	1 678
平均 Mean	211.40	209.75	99.23

引物组合 Primer combination	有效等位基因数 N_e	Nei’s基因多样性指数 H	Shannon多态性信息指数 I
E-AAG/M-CAC	1.500 1	0.337 9	0.453 5
E-AAG/M-CAG	1.456 4	0.318 6	0.430 2
E-ACA/M-CAA	1.473 2	0.322 5	0.431 3
E-ACA/M-CAC	1.494 9	0.335 0	0.450 0
E-ACT/M-CTT	1.432 9	0.302 2	0.406 1
E-AGG/M-CAA	1.491 9	0.336 7	0.453 6
E-AGG/M-CAC	1.501 4	0.342 4	0.461 9
E-AGG/M-CAG	1.445 2	0.311 2	0.419 9
E-AGG/M-CTG	1.444 5	0.314 2	0.424 2
平均 Mean	1.471 2	0.324 5	0.436 7