植物生态学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 468-476.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00043
收稿日期:
2014-03-13
接受日期:
2014-04-10
出版日期:
2014-03-13
发布日期:
2014-05-13
通讯作者:
李贤伟
基金资助:
WANG Xie1,XIANG Cheng-Hua1,2,LI Xian-Wei1,*(),WEN Dong-Ju1
Received:
2014-03-13
Accepted:
2014-04-10
Online:
2014-03-13
Published:
2014-05-13
Contact:
LI Xian-Wei
摘要:
为可持续管理川西亚高山草地生态系统, 全面地了解火后土壤微生物功能的多样性和强度的变化及其恢复状况, 基于2010年“12·5”冬草场的火烧事件, 以川西亚高山草地为研究对象, 对比了火烧和未火烧区域0-20 cm土层土壤中7种酶(β-葡糖苷酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶)的活性变化, 分析了土壤微生物功能多样性及其强度对火处理的响应。结果发现, 7种酶的潜在活性在0-5 cm土层中皆有所增加, 但对火处理、土层深度和两者交互作用的响应有所差异; 其中, 碱性磷酸酶在指示该区域火后微生物功能多样性和强度短期内的变化时具有较好的灵敏性和指示性。火在一定程度上促进了表土层微生物功能的发挥, 但是土壤微生物功能多样性及其强度对火和土层深度(0-20 cm)的响应并不显著。因此, 为能更好地揭示干扰行为对微生物生物多样性的影响机制, 未来应加强土壤微生物群落功能稳定性的研究。
王谢,向成华,李贤伟,文冬菊. 冬季火对川西亚高山草地土壤微生物功能多样性及其强度的短期影响. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(5): 468-476. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00043
WANG Xie,XIANG Cheng-Hua,LI Xian-Wei,WEN Dong-Ju. Short-term effects of a winter wildfire on diversity and intensity of soil microbial function in the subalpine grassland of western Sichuan, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(5): 468-476. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00043
类型编号 Type ID | 处理 Treatment | 坡位 Slope position | 坡向 Slope aspect | 海拔 (m) Elevation | 容重 (g·cm-3)1) Bulk density | 含水量(%)1) Water content | 酸碱度2) pH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 火烧 Burned | 上 Upper | 东 East | 3 429 | 0.992 | 22.3 | 6.60 |
B2 | 火烧 Burned | 中 Middle | 东 East | 3 454 | 1.055 | 15.1 | 7.28 |
B3 | 火烧 Burned | 下 Lower | 东 East | 3 461 | 1.051 | 15.4 | 7.54 |
B4 | 火烧 Burned | 上 Upper | 西 West | 3 315 | 0.932 | 26.6 | 6.30 |
B5 | 火烧 Burned | 中 Middle | 西 West | 3 243 | 1.058 | 15.6 | 6.71 |
B6 | 火烧 Burned | 下 Lower | 西 West | 3 487 | 0.946 | 16.7 | 7.24 |
U1 | 未火烧 Unburned | 上 Upper | 东 East | 3 409 | 0.993 | 23.4 | 6.44 |
U2 | 未火烧 Unburned | 中 Middle | 东 East | 3 334 | 1.043 | 22.2 | 7.04 |
U3 | 未火烧 Unburned | 下 Lower | 东 East | 3 444 | 0.987 | 19.3 | 7.47 |
U4 | 未火烧 Unburned | 上 Upper | 西 West | 3 424 | 0.929 | 32.4 | 6.36 |
U5 | 未火烧 Unburned | 中 Middle | 西 West | 3 196 | 1.068 | 17.0 | 6.63 |
U6 | 未火烧 Unburned | 下 Lower | 西 West | 3 484 | 1.079 | 18.5 | 7.15 |
表1 样地基本情况
Table 1 General information of sampling plots
类型编号 Type ID | 处理 Treatment | 坡位 Slope position | 坡向 Slope aspect | 海拔 (m) Elevation | 容重 (g·cm-3)1) Bulk density | 含水量(%)1) Water content | 酸碱度2) pH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | 火烧 Burned | 上 Upper | 东 East | 3 429 | 0.992 | 22.3 | 6.60 |
B2 | 火烧 Burned | 中 Middle | 东 East | 3 454 | 1.055 | 15.1 | 7.28 |
B3 | 火烧 Burned | 下 Lower | 东 East | 3 461 | 1.051 | 15.4 | 7.54 |
B4 | 火烧 Burned | 上 Upper | 西 West | 3 315 | 0.932 | 26.6 | 6.30 |
B5 | 火烧 Burned | 中 Middle | 西 West | 3 243 | 1.058 | 15.6 | 6.71 |
B6 | 火烧 Burned | 下 Lower | 西 West | 3 487 | 0.946 | 16.7 | 7.24 |
U1 | 未火烧 Unburned | 上 Upper | 东 East | 3 409 | 0.993 | 23.4 | 6.44 |
U2 | 未火烧 Unburned | 中 Middle | 东 East | 3 334 | 1.043 | 22.2 | 7.04 |
U3 | 未火烧 Unburned | 下 Lower | 东 East | 3 444 | 0.987 | 19.3 | 7.47 |
U4 | 未火烧 Unburned | 上 Upper | 西 West | 3 424 | 0.929 | 32.4 | 6.36 |
U5 | 未火烧 Unburned | 中 Middle | 西 West | 3 196 | 1.068 | 17.0 | 6.63 |
U6 | 未火烧 Unburned | 下 Lower | 西 West | 3 484 | 1.079 | 18.5 | 7.15 |
0-5 cm土层 0-5 cm soil layer | 5-10 cm土层 5-10 cm soil layer | 10-20 cm土层 10-20 cm soil layer | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
火烧 Burned | 未火烧 Unburned | 火烧 Burned | 未火烧 Unburned | 火烧 Burned | 未火烧 Unburned | |||||
β-葡糖苷酶活性 β-glucosidase activity | 9.12 ± 1.94a | 7.24 ± 2.46b | 4.89 ± 1.19c | 3.81 ± 1.54cd | 2.80 ± 1.20d | 3.16 ± 1.03d | ||||
酸性磷酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity | 16.58 ± 7.85a | 13.26 ± 3.81b | 10.93 ± 5.03bc | 10.65 ± 4.52bc | 6.78 ± 2.01d | 8.12 ± 2.98cd | ||||
碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activity | 11.20 ± 3.45a | 7.55 ± 3.53b | 6.47 ± 2.12bc | 6.26 ± 3.28bc | 5.20 ± 1.91c | 4.95 ± 2.40c | ||||
脲酶活性 Urease activity | 0.30 ± 0.15a | 0.20 ± 0.09b | 0.17 ± 0.04bc | 0.16 ± 0.09bc | 0.14 ± 0.09bc | 0.11 ± 0.10c | ||||
蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity | 60.39 ± 16.07a | 50.66 ± 7.53b | 40.77 ± 7.48c | 39.91 ± 7.08c | 30.51 ± 7.76d | 29.83 ± 9.21d | ||||
蛋白酶活性 Proteinase activity | 1.08 ± 0.28a | 0.96 ± 0.24ab | 0.93 ± 0.19bc | 0.81 ± 0.18c | 0.63 ± 0.21d | 0.56 ± 0.05d | ||||
过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity | 1.39 ± 0.11a | 1.28 ± 0.10b | 1.14 ± 0.09c | 1.10 ± 0.09c | 1.01 ± 0.07d | 0.92 ± 0.05e | ||||
微生物功能强度 Microbial functional intensity | 1.26 ± 0.60a | 1.21 ± 0.39a | 1.49 ± 0.49a | 1.22 ± 0.49a | 1.31 ± 0.59a | 1.36 ± 0.40a | ||||
微生物功能多样性 Microbial functional diversity | 1.18 ± 0.58a | 1.14 ± 0.06ab | 1.14 ± 0.83ab | 1.10 ± 0.07b | 1.10 ± 0.07b | 1.13 ± 0.11ab |
表2 火烧区域与未火烧区域土壤酶活性(平均值±标准偏差)
Table 2 Activities of soil enzymes on burned and unburned sites (mean ± SD)
0-5 cm土层 0-5 cm soil layer | 5-10 cm土层 5-10 cm soil layer | 10-20 cm土层 10-20 cm soil layer | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
火烧 Burned | 未火烧 Unburned | 火烧 Burned | 未火烧 Unburned | 火烧 Burned | 未火烧 Unburned | |||||
β-葡糖苷酶活性 β-glucosidase activity | 9.12 ± 1.94a | 7.24 ± 2.46b | 4.89 ± 1.19c | 3.81 ± 1.54cd | 2.80 ± 1.20d | 3.16 ± 1.03d | ||||
酸性磷酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity | 16.58 ± 7.85a | 13.26 ± 3.81b | 10.93 ± 5.03bc | 10.65 ± 4.52bc | 6.78 ± 2.01d | 8.12 ± 2.98cd | ||||
碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activity | 11.20 ± 3.45a | 7.55 ± 3.53b | 6.47 ± 2.12bc | 6.26 ± 3.28bc | 5.20 ± 1.91c | 4.95 ± 2.40c | ||||
脲酶活性 Urease activity | 0.30 ± 0.15a | 0.20 ± 0.09b | 0.17 ± 0.04bc | 0.16 ± 0.09bc | 0.14 ± 0.09bc | 0.11 ± 0.10c | ||||
蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity | 60.39 ± 16.07a | 50.66 ± 7.53b | 40.77 ± 7.48c | 39.91 ± 7.08c | 30.51 ± 7.76d | 29.83 ± 9.21d | ||||
蛋白酶活性 Proteinase activity | 1.08 ± 0.28a | 0.96 ± 0.24ab | 0.93 ± 0.19bc | 0.81 ± 0.18c | 0.63 ± 0.21d | 0.56 ± 0.05d | ||||
过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity | 1.39 ± 0.11a | 1.28 ± 0.10b | 1.14 ± 0.09c | 1.10 ± 0.09c | 1.01 ± 0.07d | 0.92 ± 0.05e | ||||
微生物功能强度 Microbial functional intensity | 1.26 ± 0.60a | 1.21 ± 0.39a | 1.49 ± 0.49a | 1.22 ± 0.49a | 1.31 ± 0.59a | 1.36 ± 0.40a | ||||
微生物功能多样性 Microbial functional diversity | 1.18 ± 0.58a | 1.14 ± 0.06ab | 1.14 ± 0.83ab | 1.10 ± 0.07b | 1.10 ± 0.07b | 1.13 ± 0.11ab |
β-葡糖苷酶 活性 β-glucosidase activity | 酸性磷 酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity | 碱性磷酸酶 活性 Alkaline phosphatase activities | 脲酶活性 Urease activity | 蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity | 蛋白酶 活性 Proteinase activity | 过氧化氢 酶活性 Catalase activity | 微生物 功能强度 Microbial functional intensity | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
酸性磷酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity | 0.536** | |||||||
碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activities | 0.579** | 0.280** | ||||||
脲酶活性 Urease activity | 0.296** | 0.361** | 0.235* | |||||
蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity | 0.765** | 0.815** | 0.528** | 0.415** | ||||
蛋白酶活性 Proteinase activity | 0.533** | 0.465** | 0.619** | 0.146ns | 0.621** | |||
过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity | 0.682** | 0.684** | 0.543** | 0.238* | 0.766** | 0.643** | ||
微生物功能强度 Microbial functional intensity | 0.055ns | -0.434** | 0.495** | 0.017ns | -0.259** | 0.169ns | -0.148ns | |
微生物功能多样性 Microbial functional diversity | 0.236* | -0.009ns | 0.499** | 0.104ns | -0.149 ns | 0.227* | 0.158ns | 0.592** |
表3 7种土壤酶活性与土壤微生物功能多样性及强度之间的相关性
Table 3 Correlations among the specific soil enzyme activities and the diversity and intensity of soil microbial function
β-葡糖苷酶 活性 β-glucosidase activity | 酸性磷 酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity | 碱性磷酸酶 活性 Alkaline phosphatase activities | 脲酶活性 Urease activity | 蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity | 蛋白酶 活性 Proteinase activity | 过氧化氢 酶活性 Catalase activity | 微生物 功能强度 Microbial functional intensity | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
酸性磷酸酶活性 Acid phosphatase activity | 0.536** | |||||||
碱性磷酸酶活性 Alkaline phosphatase activities | 0.579** | 0.280** | ||||||
脲酶活性 Urease activity | 0.296** | 0.361** | 0.235* | |||||
蔗糖酶活性 Invertase activity | 0.765** | 0.815** | 0.528** | 0.415** | ||||
蛋白酶活性 Proteinase activity | 0.533** | 0.465** | 0.619** | 0.146ns | 0.621** | |||
过氧化氢酶活性 Catalase activity | 0.682** | 0.684** | 0.543** | 0.238* | 0.766** | 0.643** | ||
微生物功能强度 Microbial functional intensity | 0.055ns | -0.434** | 0.495** | 0.017ns | -0.259** | 0.169ns | -0.148ns | |
微生物功能多样性 Microbial functional diversity | 0.236* | -0.009ns | 0.499** | 0.104ns | -0.149 ns | 0.227* | 0.158ns | 0.592** |
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