泾河流域植被覆盖时空演变及其与降水的关系

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在当前全球变化和人类活动剧烈影响下, 研究黄土高原植被覆盖的发展趋势及其与主要限制因子的关系, 对黄土高原退化生态系统的恢复和区域生态环境评价有着重要意义。我们利用GIMMS-NDVI数据和长期降雨数据, 对黄土高原中部泾河流域22 a的植被覆盖时空演变及其与降水的关系进行了研究。结果表明, 1)1982~2003年, 泾河流域植被覆盖整体呈微弱的增加趋势, 并在空间上表现出一定差异。植被覆盖增加的地区约69.62%, 其中显著增加的地区16.61%, 主要分布在泾河流域的中西部和下游小流域, 显著下降的地区约1.65%, 主要分布在泾河流域上游及周边地区; 2) NDVI与降水极显著相关。年NDVI随年降水服从对数分布, 生长季(4~11月)NDVI比降水滞后1个月; 3) 泾河流域降水利用效率不稳定变化, 土地退化状况未见有效改善, 并且泾河流域降水利用效率随降水量的增加而降低, 值得探索。

关键词: 植被覆盖, NDVI, 降水, 降水利用效率, 泾河流域

Abstract:

Aim Vegetation and environmental degeneration from global change and intensive human activities are among the most serious problems on the Loess Plateau of China. Our objective was to study the trend in vegetation cover and its relationship with dominant environmental factors to provide a basis for ecological restoration and regional assessment on the Loess Plateau.

Methods We analyzed the temporal and spatial changes of vegetation cover and its relationship with rainfall in the Jinghe Watershed using the GIMMS-NDVI time series data and rainfall data for 1982-2003.

Important findings Annual NDVI slightly increased during the study period and varied spatially. Vegetation cover increased 69.2%, of which the 16.61% of the study area in the middle-west and lower reach of the watershed had a significant increase of vegetation cover. NDVI strongly decreased in the upper reach and the surrounding area, which accounts for 1.65% the whole watershed.NDVI was highly correlated with precipitation, and annual NDVI and annual rainfall had logarithmic distributions. There was a one-month lag of monthly NDVIafter rainfall in the growing season. Rain use efficiency (RUE) decreased during the study period, which indicated lack of improvement of the land situation. Our finding that RUE decreased with increased precipitation contrasts with previous research.

Key words: vegetation coverage, NDVI, precipitation, rainfall use efficiency (RUE), Jinghe Watershed

齐清, 王天明, 寇晓军, 葛剑平. 泾河流域植被覆盖时空演变及其与降水的关系. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(2): 246-253. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.002

QI Qing, WANG Tian-Ming, KOU Xiao-Jun, GE Jian-Ping. TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHANGES OF VEGETATION COVER AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH PRECIPITATION IN JINGHE WATERSHED OF CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(2): 246-253. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.002

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.002

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I2/246

图/表 9

图1 泾河流域子流域分布图 1.西川Xichuan 2.东川Dongchuan 3.合水川Heshuichuan 4.固城川Guchengchuan 5.九龙河Jiulonghe 6.王家川Wangjiachuan 7. 四郎河Silanghe 8. 红崖河Hongyahe 9.三水河Sanshuihe 10. 蒲河Puhe 11. 茹河Ruhe 12. 蒲河干流Dranch of Puhe 13. 洪河Honghe 14.泾河Jinghe 15.汭河Ruihe 16.黑河Heihe 17.达溪河Daxihe 18.泾汭合流Interflow of Jing and Rui 19.泾洪合流Interflow of Jing and Hong 20. 泾浦合流Interflow of Jing and Pu 21.泾河干流Branch of Jinghe 22.马莲河Malianhe

Fig. 1 The distribution of sub-watersheds of Jinghe River watershed

图2 泾河流域NDVI的年际变化

Fig. 2 Annual variation of NDVI during the period of 1982 and 2003 in Jinghe watershed

图3 泾河流域NDVI年际变化趋势及显著性检验

Fig. 3 Inter-annual trend image of NDVI and significant test of trend in Jinghe watershed

图4 月NDVI累积变化量

Fig. 4 Variations of monthly cumulative NDVI

图5 泾河流域年降水量变化

Fig. 5 Annual variation of rainfall in Jinghe watershed

图6 年NDVI值与降水量关系

Fig. 6 Relationship of annual NDVI and rainfall

表1 4~11月NDVI与降水的相关系数

Table 1 Correlation coefficients of monthly NDVI with precipitation from April to November

	4月 April	5月 May	6月 June	7月 July	8月 August	9月 September	10月 October	11月 November
当月降水 Contemporaneous precipitation	0.29	0.29	0.16	0.27	0.33	0.25	0.12	0.06
上月降水 Precipitation in previous month	0.15	0.29	0.37	0.504^*	0.474^*	0.571^**	0.09	-0.02
2月前降水 Precipitation in previous 2 months	0.03	0.15	0.37	0.35	0.05	0.18	0.35	0.02

图7 降水利用效率年际变化

Fig. 7 Annual variations of rain use efficiency (RUE) during the period of 1982 and 2003

图8 降水利用效率与年降水量关系

Fig. 8 Relationship of rain use efficiency (RUE) and annual rainfall

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