韧皮部环割诱导下的花花柴衰老机制

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0105

植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1082-1092.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0105

韧皮部环割诱导下的花花柴衰老机制

顾祝禹¹, 唐钢梁², 艾克拜尔·伊拉洪^1,^*(), 吐尔逊·吐尔洪¹

¹新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
²中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2015-03-27 接受日期:2015-10-04 出版日期:2015-11-01 发布日期:2015-12-02
通讯作者: 艾克拜尔·伊拉洪
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
基金项目国家自然科学基金(41461048)、农业部948项目(2013-Z73)和土壤学新疆维吾尔自治区重点学科项目

Senescence mechanisms induced by phloem girdling in Karelinia caspia

GU Zhu-Yu¹, TANG Gang-Liang², AI Kebaier Yilahong^1,^*(), TU Erxun Tuerhong¹

¹College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi 830052, China
and ²State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011, China

Received:2015-03-27 Accepted:2015-10-04 Online:2015-11-01 Published:2015-12-02
Contact: Kebaier Yilahong AI
About author:
# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

衰老是植物器官和组织发育的最后阶段, 是一个受到严格控制的高度协调过程, 其中碳水化合物浓度对衰老的影响十分显著。花花柴(Karelinia caspia)是塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲的主要植物种, 为了研究花花柴在韧皮部环割后的碳水化合物变化和叶片衰老过程, 对其进行韧皮部环割, 测量叶片光合色素含量、光合速率、可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量、脱落酸(ABA)含量和叶水势。结果表明: (1)环割能够诱导花花柴叶片的衰老, 而诱导叶片衰老的主要因素有: 叶片碳水化合物的积累、叶片ABA含量的上升, 以及叶片水分状况的恶化。(2)相比于自然衰老, 环割诱导的衰老导致许多正常的生理过程受到破坏。(3)类胡萝卜素在衰老过程中主要起光保护的作用。(4)韧皮部半环割也导致花花柴各种生理指标显著下降, 表明植物无法通过增加剩余部分韧皮部筛管的运输通量而达到维持整个韧皮部运输系统顺畅的目的。

关键词: 碳水化合物, 环割, 花花柴, 光合, 衰老, 水势

Abstract:

AimsSenescence constitutes the final stage of a plant’s organ and tissue development, and is subject to gene control and strict regulation. Plant senescence is largely influenced by carbohydrate content and phloem girdling can induce leaf senescence. Our general objective is to study the effect of stem girdling on physiological conditions in Karelinia caspia. Specifically, we want to know the senescence processes after phloem girdling. In addition, we also want to know the possible mechanisms for the senescence processes. MethodsThree different types of girdling treatments, normal branch, semi-girdling, and full-girdling were performed on K. caspia. Twenty days after girdling, photosynthetic pigments content, photosynthetic rate, soluble sugar content, starch content, abscisic acid (ABA) content, and leaf water potential were measured.Important findings Phloem girdling can largely induce leaf senescence in K. caspia, and the reasons for leaf senescence may be as follows: girdling resulted in carbohydrate accumulation in leaf which subsequently led to “carbon feast” induced leaf senescence; girdling caused ABA accumulation in leaf and then resulted in senescence; girdling decreased water status, which may be another reason for leaf senescence. Compared with natural senescence, girdling induced senescence was a disorder and disorganized process, only a limited physiological process can be controlled by senescence related gene in the girdling induced senescence process. The most important role for carotenoids in the senescence process is to protect the photosynthetic apparatus from being damaged by excess light and reactive oxygen species. Many physiological indicators declined in the semi-girdled K. caspia leaves just like full-girdled leaves, indicating that portion (e.g. half) of the phloem cannot undertake the transport flux which was done by the whole phloem sieve.

Key words: carbohydrate, girdling, Karelinia caspia, photosynthetic, senescence, water potential

顾祝禹, 唐钢梁, 艾克拜尔·伊拉洪, 吐尔逊·吐尔洪. 韧皮部环割诱导下的花花柴衰老机制. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(11): 1082-1092. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0105

GU Zhu-Yu,TANG Gang-Liang,AI Kebaier Yilahong,TU Erxun Tuerhong. Senescence mechanisms induced by phloem girdling in Karelinia caspia. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(11): 1082-1092. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0105

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0105

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I11/1082

图/表 5

图1 韧皮部环割对花花柴叶片光合色素含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。Car, 类胡萝卜素; Chl, 叶绿素。CK, 对照; FG, 韧皮部全割; SG, 韧皮部半割。不同小写字母表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects on photosynthetic pigments content in leaves of Karelinia caspia by phloem girdling (mean ± SE). Car, carotenoid; Chl, chlorophyll. CK, control; FG, full-girdling; SG, semi-girdling. Different small letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).

图2 韧皮部环割对花花柴叶片光合参数的影响(平均值±标准误差)。Gs, 气孔导度; Pn, 净光合速率; Tr, 蒸腾速率。CK, FG, SG见图1。

Fig. 2 Effects on photosynthetic parameters in leaves of Karelinia caspia by phloem girdling (mean ± SE). Gs, stomatal conductance; Pn, net photosynthesis rate; Tr, transpiration rate. CK, FG, SG see Fig. 1.

图3 韧皮部环割对花花柴叶片碳水化合物含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。CK, FG, SG见图1。不同小写字母表示差异显著 (p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects on carbohydrate content in leaves of Karelinia caspia by phloem girdling (mean ± SE). CK, FG, SG see Fig. 1. Different small letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).

图4 韧皮部环割对花花柴叶片脱落酸(ABA)含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。CK, FG, SG见图1。不同小写字母表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Effects on abscisic acid (ABA) content in leaves of Karelinia caspia by phloem girdling (mean ± SE). CK, FG, SG see Fig. 1. Different small letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).

图5 韧皮部环割对花花柴叶片水势的影响(平均值±标准误差)。CK, FG, SG见图1。不同小写字母表示差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Effects on water potential in leaves of Karelinia caspia by phloem girdling (mean ± SE). CK, FG, SG see Fig. 1. Different small letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05).

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韧皮部环割诱导下的花花柴衰老机制

Senescence mechanisms induced by phloem girdling in Karelinia caspia

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