放牧对内蒙古草地植物群落特征影响的meta分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0341

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1256-1269.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0341

所属专题：植被生态学

放牧对内蒙古草地植物群落特征影响的meta分析

李娜¹, 唐士明², 郭建英³, 田茹¹, 王姗¹, 胡冰¹, 罗永红¹, 徐柱文¹^,⁴^,^*()

¹内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 内蒙古草地生态学重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010020
²农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室, 中国农业科学院草原研究所, 呼和浩特 010021
³内蒙古阴山北麓草原生态水文国家野外科学观测研究站, 中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038
⁴黄河流域内蒙古段水资源与水环境综合治理自治区协同创新中心, 呼和浩特 010018

收稿日期:2022-08-23 接受日期:2023-03-19 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-09-28
通讯作者: * 徐柱文 ORCID:0000-0002-8898-6577 (zwxu@imu.edu.cn)
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0009);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0008);内蒙古自然科学基金(2019JQ04);内蒙古自然科学基金(2021MS03081);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项资金(2021CG0020)

Meta-analysis of effects of grazing on plant community properties in Nei Mongol grassland

LI Na¹, TANG Shi-Ming², GUO Jian-Ying³, TIAN Ru¹, WANG Shan¹, HU Bing¹, LUO Yong-Hong¹, XU Zhu-Wen¹^,⁴^,^*()

¹Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Ecology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
²Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010021, China
³Yinshan Beilu National Field Research Station of Steppe Eco-hydrological System, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
⁴Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot 010018, China

Received:2022-08-23 Accepted:2023-03-19 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-09-28
Contact: * XU Zhu-Wen(zwxu@imu.edu.cn)
Supported by:
Major Science and Technology Project of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(2020ZD0009);Major Science and Technology Project of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(2021ZD0008);Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol(2019JQ04);Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol(2021MS03081);Special Fund for Transformation of Scientific and Technological the Achievements of Nei Mongol Autonomous Region(2021CG0020)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

放牧是内蒙古草原的主要利用方式, 对草地植物群落具有重要影响, 然而内蒙古草原植物群落特征对放牧的综合响应模式仍不清楚。基于76项研究数据, 本研究对不同放牧强度、不同草地类型和不同放牧年限下, 内蒙古草地植物群落特征和土壤理化性质进行meta分析, 以期综合评价内蒙古草地对放牧的响应模式。结果表明: 放牧显著降低了植物地上/地下生物量、盖度、高度、密度、物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson多样性指数和土壤含水量, 且负效应随放牧强度和放牧时间的增加而增强。放牧对植被稀少、环境承载力低的草地(如荒漠草原、沙地等)具有更大的负效应。该研究表明内蒙古草地植物群落特征对放牧的响应受多个因素调控, 应根据不同类型的草地制定适宜的放牧强度和放牧时间以实现草地的可持续利用。当前的放牧研究中放牧强度标准不统一, 使不同研究之间难以比较, 有些研究缺乏实验重复, 研究结果不具有统计学意义。探索放牧强度的统一量化标准将是今后放牧研究中重要且具有挑战性的问题, 同时实验设计的合理性也应受到重视。

关键词: 放牧, 内蒙古草原, 生物量, 物种多样性, 土壤特征, meta分析

Abstract:

Aims Grazing, one of the primary ways of grassland utilization in Nei Mongol, has essential influences on plant community properties of grasslands. However, the comprehensive response patterns of Nei Mongol grassland plant community properties to grazing remain unclear.
Methods Based on a dataset derived from 76 studies, the plant community characteristics and soil physicochemical properties of Nei Mongol grasslands under different grazing intensities, different grassland types and different grazing years were integrated and analyzed in order to comprehensively evaluate the response patterns of Nei Mongol grasslands to grazing.
Important findings Our results showed that grazing significantly reduced plant above/below ground biomass, cover, height, density, species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, Simpson diversity index, and soil water content. The negative effects of grazing were strengthened with increasing of grazing intensity and duration. Moreover, grazing had a greater negative effect on the grasslands with sparse vegetation and low environmental carrying capacity (e.g., desert grasslands, sandy areas, etc.). This study shows that the responses of plant community characteristics to grazing in Nei Mongol grasslands are regulated by multiple factors, and appropriate grazing intensity and grazing time should be set according to different types of grasslands to achieve sustainable utilization of grasslands. The standards of grazing intensity in current grazing studies are not uniform, making it difficult to compare different studies, and the results from some studies do not have statistical significance due to a lack of replications in the experiment. The exploration of uniform quantitative standards for grazing intensity will be an important and challenging issue in future grazing studies, and the rationality of experimental design should also be emphasized.

Key words: grazing, Nei Mongol grassland, biomass, species diversity, soil property, meta-analysis

李娜, 唐士明, 郭建英, 田茹, 王姗, 胡冰, 罗永红, 徐柱文. 放牧对内蒙古草地植物群落特征影响的meta分析. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(9): 1256-1269. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0341

LI Na, TANG Shi-Ming, GUO Jian-Ying, TIAN Ru, WANG Shan, HU Bing, LUO Yong-Hong, XU Zhu-Wen. Meta-analysis of effects of grazing on plant community properties in Nei Mongol grassland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(9): 1256-1269. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0341

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0341

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I9/1256

图/表 6

图1 内蒙古草地植物生物量、盖度(Cover)、高度(Height)、密度(Density)、物种多样性和土壤理化性质对放牧的加权响应比(平均值± 95% CI)。右侧数字表示各变量的样本量。CI, 置信区间。AGB, 地上生物量; BGB, 地下生物量; D, Pielou均匀度指数; E, Simpson多样性指数; H′, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数; SD, 土壤密度; SpH, 土壤pH; SOC, 土壤有机碳含量; SR, 物种丰富度; STN, 土壤全氮含量; STP, 土壤全磷含量; SWC, 土壤含水量。

Fig. 1 Weighted response ratio of plant biomass, cover, height, density, species diversity, and soil physical and chemical properties to grazing in Nei Mongol grassland (mean ± 95% CI). The number on the right indicates the sample size of each variable. CI, confidence interval. AGB, above-ground biomass; BGB, below-ground biomass; D, Pielou evenness index; E, Simpson diversity index; H′, Shannon-Wiener diversity index; SD, soil density; SpH, soil pH; SOC, soil organic carbon content; STN, soil total nitrogen content; STP, soil total phosphorus content; SWC, soil water content.

图2 内蒙古草地植物生物量、盖度、高度、密度、物种多样性和土壤理化性质对不同放牧强度的响应比(平均值± 95% CI)。右侧数字表示各变量的样本量。CI, 置信区间。HG, 重度放牧; LG, 轻度放牧; MG, 中度放牧。AGB, 地上生物量; BGB, 地下生物量; D, Pielou均匀度指数; E, Simpson多样性指数; H′, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数; SD, 土壤密度; SpH, 土壤pH; SOC, 土壤有机碳含量; SR, 物种丰富度; STN, 土壤全氮含量; STP, 土壤全磷含量; SWC, 土壤含水量。

Fig. 2 Response ratio of plant biomass, cover, height, density, species diversity, and soil physical and chemical properties to different grazing intensities in Nei Mongol grassland (mean ± 95% CI). The number on the right indicates the sample size of each variable. CI, confidence interval. HG, heavy grazing; LG, light grazing; MG, mediate grazing. AGB, above-ground biomass; BGB, below-ground biomass; D, Pielou evenness index; E, Simpson diversity index; H′, Shannon-Wiener diversity index; SD, soil density; SpH, soil pH; SOC, soil organic carbon content; STN, soil total nitrogen content; STP, soli total phosphorus content; SWC, soil water content.

图3 内蒙古不同类型草地中, 生物量、盖度、高度、密度、物种多样性和土壤理化性质对不同放牧强度的响应比(平均值± 95% CI)。右侧数字表示各变量的样本量。CI, 置信区间。HG, 重度放牧; LG, 轻度放牧; MG, 中度放牧。DG, 荒漠草原; M, 草甸草原; S, 沙地; TG, 典型草原。AGB, 地上生物量; BGB, 地下生物量; D, Pielou均匀度指数; E, Simpson多样性指数; H′, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数; SD, 土壤密度; SpH, 土壤pH; SOC, 土壤有机碳含量; SR, 物种丰富度; STN, 土壤全氮含量; STP, 土壤全磷含量; SWC, 土壤含水量。

Fig. 3 In different grassland types of Nei Mongol, the response ratio of biomass, cover, height, density, species diversity, and soil physical and chemical properties to different grazing intensities (mean ± 95% CI). The number on the right indicates the sample size of each variable. CI, confidence interval. HG, heavy grazing; LG, light grazing; MG, mediate grazing. DG, desert grassland; M, meadow grassland; S, sandy land; TG, typical grassland. AGB, above-ground biomass; BGB, below-ground biomass; D, Pielou evenness index; E, Simpson diversity index; H′, Shannon-Wiener diversity index; SD, soil density; SpH, soil pH; SOC, soil organic carbon content; STN, soil total nitrogen content; STP, soil total phosphorus content; SWC, soil water content.

图4 不同放牧年限下, 内蒙古草地植物生物量、盖度、高度、密度、物种多样性和土壤理化性质对放牧的响应比(平均值± 95% CI)。右侧数字表示各变量的样本量。CI, 置信区间。AGB, 地上生物量; BGB, 地下生物量; D, Pielou均匀度指数; E, Simpson多样性指数; H′, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数; SD, 土壤密度; SpH, 土壤pH; SOC, 土壤有机碳含量; SR, 物种丰富度; STN, 土壤全氮含量; STP, 土壤全磷含量; SWC, 土壤含水量。

Fig. 4 Under different grazing years, the response ratio of plant biomass, cover, height, density, species diversity, and soil physical and chemical properties to grazing in Nei Mongol grassland (mean ± 95% CI). The number on the right indicates the sample size of each variable. CI, confidence interval. AGB, above-ground biomass; BGB, below-ground biomass; D, Pielou evenness index; E, Simpson diversity index; H′, Shannon-Wiener diversity index; SD, soil density; SpH, soil pH; SOC, soil organic carbon content; STN, soil total nitrogen content; STP, soil total phosphorus content; SWC, soil water content.

表1 内蒙古草地植物群落、土壤特征响应比的Pearson相关分析结果(相关系数r)

Table 1 Pearson correlation of aboveground biomass response ratio with plant community and soil characteristic response ratios in Nei Mongol grassland (correlation cofficient r)

表2 内蒙古草地植物群落特征与环境因子的线性混合效应模型分析结果(F值)

Table 2 Results of linear mixed-effects model analysis of plant community characteristics and environmental factors in Nei Mongol grassland (F value)

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放牧对内蒙古草地植物群落特征影响的meta分析

Meta-analysis of effects of grazing on plant community properties in Nei Mongol grassland

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