基于功能性状的锐齿槲栎林共存树种生态策略差异

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0255

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

局域群落共存树种功能性状的比较是分析不同树种生态策略差异的有效手段, 对于理解森林群落物种共存机制及指导森林植被恢复至关重要。该研究以秦岭中低山地带性植被锐齿槲栎(Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata)林为研究对象, 分析了群落内5个共存树种叶、茎和细根功能性状及其组合的差异。结果表明: 不同树种在地上和地下功能性状上存在明显的差异, 尤其在叶片资源获取和防御策略上存在明显的分异。其中, 青榨槭(Acer davidii)偏向于快速资源获取一端, 而千金榆(Carpinus cordata)偏向于慢速资源获取一端; 三桠乌药(Lindera obtusiloba)偏向于高抵抗和防御能力一端, 而四照花(Cornus kousa subsp. chinensis)偏向于低抵抗和防御能力一端; 优势种锐齿槲栎在2种策略梯度上都表现为中间型策略。锐齿槲栎林共存树种功能性状及其组合上的差异反映了其生态策略和生态位的不同, 这可能是驱动其稳定共存的重要机制。

关键词: 功能性状, 生态策略, 物种共存, 锐齿槲栎林, 秦岭

Abstract:

Aims Comparing functional traits of coexisting tree species in natural forests can reveal the adaptation strategies of different tree species to different habitats, which is essential for understanding the coexistence mechanism of the local forest community and guiding forest restoration.
Methods In this study, we compared the functional traits of five coexisting tree species in a Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest, the zonal vegetation in the Qinling Mountains, and further examined the difference in the traits space defined by the first two principal component analysis (PCA) axes to reveal the differences of these tree species in ecological strategies.
Important findings The results showed that there were obvious differences in the above- and belowground functional traits of different tree species, especially in the strategies of leaf resource acquisition and defense. Specifically, Acer davidii tended to have more acquisitive leaf traits and fine root traits, while Carpinus cordata was relatively more conservative in leaf and fine root traits. Lindera obtusiloba was inclined to have leaves with high resistance and defense ability, while leaves of Cornus kousa subsp. chinensis showed low resistance and defense ability. The dominant species, Q. aliena var. acuteserrata, occupied the middle position along the strategy gradient. The differences in the functional traits and their combinations of coexisting tree species in Q. aliena var. acuteserrata forest reflect their differences in ecological strategies and niches, which may contribute to their stable coexistence.

Key words: functional trait, ecological strategy, species coexistence, Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest, Qinling Mountains

袁雅妮, 周哲, 陈彬洲, 郭垚鑫, 岳明. 基于功能性状的锐齿槲栎林共存树种生态策略差异. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(9): 1270-1277. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0255

YUAN Ya-Ni, ZHOU Zhe, CHEN Bin-Zhou, GUO Yao-Xin, YUE Ming. Differential ecological strategies in functional traits among coexisting tree species in a Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(9): 1270-1277. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0255

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0255

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I9/1270

图/表 5

表1 本研究中所测量的功能性状

Table 1 Functional traits measured in this study

器官 Organ	功能性状 Functional trait	缩写 Abbreviation	单位 Unit
叶 Leaf	叶厚度 Leaf thickness	LT	mm
	叶面积 Leaf area	LA	cm²
	叶干物质含量 Leaf dry matter content	LDMC	g·g^-1
	比叶质量 Leaf mass per unit area	LMA	g·cm^-2
	叶氮含量 Leaf nitrogen content	LNC	mg·g^-1
	叶碳含量 Leaf carbon content	LCC	mg·g^-1
	叶碳氮比 Leaf carbon nitrogen ratio	Leaf C:N
茎 Stem	木质密度 Wood density	WD	g·cm^-3
细根 Fine root	比根长 Specific root length	SRL	cm·g^-1
	根氮含量 Root nitrogen content	RNC	mg·g^-1
	根碳含量 Root carbon content	RCC	mg·g^-1
	根碳氮比 Root carbon nitrogen ratio	Root C:N

图1 锐齿槲栎林不同树种各功能性状的差异。不同小写字母代表差异显著(p < 0.05)。功能性状缩写同表1。

Fig. 1 Differential functional traits of tree species in the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (p < 0.05). Abbreviations of functional traits see Table 1.

表2 锐齿槲栎林不同树种功能性状的主成分分析(PCA)

Table 2 Principal component analysis (PCA) of measured traits for different tree species in the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest

功能性状 Functional trait	PCA1	PCA2	PCA3
LT	-0.17	-0.17	0.33
LA	-0.03	0.29	0.39
LDMC	0.25	0.41	0.22
LMA	0.06	0.04	0.11
LNC	-0.44	-0.08	0.18
LCC	0.16	0.52	0.07
Leaf C:N	0.44	0.25	-0.20
WD	0.30	-0.16	0.42
SRL	0.08	-0.23	-0.25
RNC	-0.45	0.22	0.05
RCC	0.11	-0.38	0.40
Root C:N	0.41	-0.34	0.08
方差贡献率 Variance contribution (%)	32.45	19.30	13.25

图2 锐齿槲栎林不同树种在主成分分析(PCA)前两轴定义的性状空间中的分布。功能性状缩写同表1。

Fig. 2 Distribution of the different tree species in the traits space defined by the first two axes of principal components analysis (PCA) in the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest. Abbreviations of functional traits see Table 1.

图3 锐齿槲栎林不同树种在主成分分析(PCA)前两轴得分上的差异。不同小写字母代表差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Differences in scores between different tree species in the first two axes of principal components analysis (PCA) in the Quercus aliena var. acuteserrata forest. Different lowercase letters indicate significance difference among them (p < 0.05).

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