生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗光合特性的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075

植物生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 638-652.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0075

生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗光合特性的影响

欧阳子龙¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 贾湘璐¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 石景忠⁴, 滕维超⁴, 刘秀¹^,^*()

¹广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院, 南宁 530002
²南宁植物园, 南宁 530002
³南宁青秀山风景名胜旅游开发有限责任公司, 南宁 530004
⁴广西大学林学院, 南宁 530004

收稿日期:2024-03-15 接受日期:2024-08-23 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-04-18
通讯作者: * (xiuliu1010@126.com)
基金资助:
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB24010288);广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂科[2021]1号)

Effects of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and re-warming

OUYANG Zi-Long¹^,²^,³^,⁴, JIA Xiang-Lu¹^,²^,³^,⁴, SHI Jing-Zhong⁴, TENG Wei-Chao⁴, LIU Xiu¹^,^*()

¹Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002, China
²Nanning Botanical Garden, Nanning 530002, China
³Nanning Qingxiu Mountain Scenic Spots Tourism Development Co., Ltd., Nanning 530004, China
⁴College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China

Received:2024-03-15 Accepted:2024-08-23 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-04-18
Contact: * (xiuliu1010@126.com)
Supported by:
Guangxi Key Research and Development Project(Guike AB24010288);Guangxi Forestry Science and Technology Promotion Demonstration Project(Guike [2021] 1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)是沿海植物生态系统的重要树种, 具有修复环境污染、稳固海岸、净化过滤水质等功能。低温胁迫是新时代育种工作面临的挑战之一, 低温通过限制红海榄幼苗的正常生长从而影响红海榄群落的更新和分布格局。生长调节剂能提高植物的抗逆性, 揭示生长调节剂对低温胁迫下红海榄光合特性的缓解作用, 能为红海榄苗期培育和低温防控提供一定的科学依据和理论指导。该研究以一年生和二年生红海榄幼苗为实验材料, 设置不同种类和浓度生长调节剂(6-BA、NAA、GA₃、IAA)处理, 对低温胁迫和复温时期红海榄幼苗叶片光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)含量以及光合作用指标(净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、蒸腾速率)进行比较, 探究生长调节剂对红海榄幼苗光合特性的影响。结果表明: 1)低温胁迫抑制了红海榄幼苗的光合作用, 使一、二年生红海榄光合色素含量和光合作用指标的值均显著降低。2)添加适当浓度生长调节剂缓解了低温的抑制作用, 同时促进了复温效果, 改善了红海榄的光合生理过程。3)过高浓度生长调节剂(150 mg·L^-1 NAA)导致红海榄幼苗受低温胁迫程度加剧, 因此筛选适宜的生长调节剂种类和浓度极为重要。4)主成分分析表明, 二年生红海榄较一年生具有更强的低温抗逆性。5)隶属函数分析表明, 100和200 mg·L^-1 GA₃、150 mg·L^-1 IAA、400 mg·L^-1 6-BA、50 mg·L^-1 NAA在抵御低温胁迫和复温过程中均具有较好的效果。

关键词: 生长调节剂, 红海榄, 光合特性, 低温胁迫, 复温, 缓解效应

Abstract:

Aims Rhizophora stylosa plays a crucial role in coastal plant ecosystems, contributing to environmental pollution remediation, coastline stabilization, and water quality purification and filtration. Cold stress poses a significant challenge to breeding efforts in the modern era, impeding the normal growth of R. stylosa seedlings and consequently impacting the regeneration and distribution patterns of R. stylosa communities. Growth regulators can improve plant stress resistance. Revealing the alleviating effect of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of R. stylosa under low temperature stress could provide a scientific basis and theoretical guidance for the cultivation, the low temperature prevention and control of R. stylosa.

Methods In this study, the effects of growth regulators on R. stylosa seedlings were investigated by comparing the photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids) content and photosynthetic parameters (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, transpiration rate) of R. stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming.

Important findings 1) Low temperature stress inhibited the photosynthetic process of R. stylosa seedlings by significantly declining the photosynthetic pigment content and photosynthetic parameters. 2) Adding appropriate concentrations of growth regulators alleviated the low temperature inhibition, promoted the rewarming effect, and improved the photosynthetic process of R. stylosa. 3) Excessive concentrations of growth regulators (150 mg·L^-1 NAA) led to the aggravation of low temperature stress in R. stylosa seedlings, which highlighted the extreme importance to screen appropriate species and concentrations. 4) Principal component analysis showed that biennial R. stylosa seedlings had stronger low temperature resistance than annual R. stylosa seedlings. 5) Combining with membership function analysis, 100 and 200 mg·L^-1 GA₃, 150 mg·L^-1 IAA, 400 mg·L^-1 6-BA, and 50 mg·L^-1 NAA had better effects on R. stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming.

Key words: growth regulator, Rhizophora stylosa, photosynthetic characteristics, low temperature stress, rewarming, mitigation effect

欧阳子龙, 贾湘璐, 石景忠, 滕维超, 刘秀. 生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗光合特性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(4): 638-652. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075

OUYANG Zi-Long, JIA Xiang-Lu, SHI Jing-Zhong, TENG Wei-Chao, LIU Xiu. Effects of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and re-warming. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(4): 638-652. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0075

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I4/638

图/表 12

表1 生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗叶片叶绿素(Chl) a、Chl b以及Chl a+b含量的影响(平均值±标准差)

Table 1 Effects of plant growth regulators on chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b and Chl a+b contents in leaves of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
Chl a
CK	0.30 ± 0.02^Acd	0.25 ± 0.03^Acd	0.27 ± 0.04^Ade	0.34 ± 0.03^Acd	0.29 ± 0.01^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.03^ABb
6-BA 100	0.32 ± 0.03^ABcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Babc	0.33 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.36 ± 0.03^Abc	0.30 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.01^ABb
6-BA 200	0.33 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.28 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.06^Aabce	0.39 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.33 ± 0.02^Babc	0.34 ± 0.01^Bb
6-BA 400	0.37 ± 0.02^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.36 ± 0.03^ABa	0.44 ± 0.01^Aa	0.34 ± 0.03^Bab	0.43 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.34 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Aa	0.35 ± 0.03^Aab	0.38 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Babc	0.36 ± 0.02^ABb
NAA 100	0.30 ± 0.01^Acd	0.25 ± 0.04^Bcd	0.31 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.35 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.31 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.04^Ab
NAA 150	0.27 ± 0.00^Ad	0.21 ± 0.01^Bd	0.24 ± 0.04^ABe	0.30 ± 0.02^Ad	0.23 ± 0.03^Bd	0.25 ± 0.01^ABc
GA₃ 100	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.34 ± 0.03^ABabc	0.43 ± 0.03^Aa	0.36 ± 0.04^Ba	0.37 ± 0.03^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.33 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.27 ± 0.04^Babc	0.30 ± 0.04^ABabcd	0.35 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.03^Ab
GA₃ 300	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.33 ± 0.04^Acd	0.28 ± 0.03^Acd	0.31 ± 0.04^Abc
IAA 50	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.28 ± 0.03^ABcde	0.36 ± 0.02^Abc	0.31 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.05^Ab
IAA 100	0.34 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.26 ± 0.04^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.40 ± 0.04^Aab	0.31 ± 0.03^Babc	0.36 ± 0.07^ABb
IAA 150	0.37 ± 0.02^Aa	0.25 ± 0.03C^cd	0.31 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.42 ± 0.06^Aa	0.29 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab
Chl b
CK	0.22 ± 0.01^Acd	0.14 ± 0.00C^de	0.18 ± 0.01^Bd	0.23 ± 0.02^Adef	0.18 ± 0.01^Bdef	0.20 ± 0.02^ABef
6-BA 100	0.23 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.19 ± 0.01^Babc	0.21 ± 0.02^ABbcd	0.23 ± 0.02^Acdef	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcde	0.21 ± 0.01^ABdef
6-BA 200	0.25 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.01^Ba	0.22 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.26 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.22 ± 0.02^Babc	0.24 ± 0.02^ABbcd
6-BA 400	0.27 ± 0.02^Aab	0.23 ± 0.01^Ba	0.24 ± 0.01^Bab	0.29 ± 0.01^Aab	0.23 ± 0.02^Bab	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbc
NAA 50	0.23 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.16 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.19 ± 0.02^ABcd	0.23 ± 0.04^Bcdef	0.17 ± 0.01C^ef	0.27 ± 0.01^Aab
NAA 100	0.19 ± 0.01^Ade	0.15 ± 0.03^Bde	0.17 ± 0.03^ABd	0.21 ± 0.02^Aef	0.15 ± 0.01^Bfg	0.19 ± 0.02^Af
NAA 150	0.17 ± 0.04^Ae	0.12 ± 0.03^Be	0.13 ± 0.01^Be	0.20 ± 0.02^Af	0.13 ± 0.01^Bg	0.15 ± 0.01^Bg
GA₃ 100	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.18 ± 0.03^Babcd	0.26 ± 0.02^Aa	0.30 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.03^Babc	0.29 ± 0.02^Aa
GA₃200	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.20 ± 0.03^Bab	0.21 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.22 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.23 ± 0.02^ABcde
GA₃300	0.25 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.04^Aa	0.21 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.25 ± 0.02^Acde	0.22 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.23 ± 0.03^Abcde
IAA 50	0.24 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.16 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.19 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.24 ± 0.01^Acde	0.19 ± 0.03^Bcde	0.20 ± 0.03^Bef
IAA 100	0.24 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.20 ± 0.01^Babc	0.22 ± 0.03^ABbc	0.25 ± 0.00^Acde	0.24 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.01^Adef
IAA 150	0.27 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.02^Ba	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aa	0.24 ± 0.03^Ba	0.26 ± 0.02^Babc
Chl a + b
CK	0.52 ± 0.03^Ade	0.39 ± 0.03^Be	0.45 ± 0.03^Bc	0.57 ± 0.04^Ade	0.47 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.52 ± 0.02^ABe
6-BA 100	0.54 ± 0.02^Acde	0.46 ± 0.04^Babcd	0.54 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.60 ± 0.05^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.53 ± 0.01^Be
6-BA 200	0.59 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.49 ± 0.03^Bab	0.54 ± 0.07^ABabc	0.64 ± 0.03^Abc	0.55 ± 0.02^Babc	0.59 ± 0.02^Bbcde
6-BA 400	0.63 ± 0.03^Aa	0.53 ± 0.03^Ba	0.59 ± 0.02^Aab	0.73 ± 0.02^Aa	0.57 ± 0.04^Bab	0.68 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.56 ± 0.01^Acd	0.48 ± 0.03^Babc	0.54 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.61 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.03^Bcd	0.62 ± 0.04^Aabcd
NAA 100	0.50 ± 0.03^Ae	0.40 ± 0.03^Bde	0.48 ± 0.04^Ac	0.56 ± 0.04^Ade	0.46 ± 0.04^Bd	0.51 ± 0.07^ABe
NAA 150	0.44 ± 0.04^Af	0.33 ± 0.02^Bf	0.37 ± 0.06^Bd	0.50 ± 0.04^Ae	0.36 ± 0.02^Be	0.40 ± 0.02^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.63 ± 0.05^Aab	0.49 ± 0.04^Bab	0.60 ± 0.05^Aa	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.58 ± 0.07^Ba	0.67 ± 0.05^Aab
GA₃200	0.59 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.47 ± 0.06^Babc	0.51 ± 0.06^Babc	0.62 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.52 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.57 ± 0.06^ABcde
GA₃300	0.57 ± 0.04^Abcd	0.47 ± 0.03^Babc	0.50 ± 0.05^ABbc	0.57 ± 0.06^Acd	0.50 ± 0.05^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.01^ABde
IAA 50	0.56 ± 0.04^Acd	0.42 ± 0.05^Bcde	0.47 ± 0.06^Bc	0.61 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.50 ± 0.08^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.08^Bde
IAA 100	0.57 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.46 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.51 ± 0.06^ABabc	0.65 ± 0.04^Ab	0.55 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.58 ± 0.08^Acde
IAA 150	0.65 ± 0.04^Aa	0.47 ± 0.05^Babcd	0.50 ± 0.04^Bbc	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.54 ± 0.02^Babc	0.63 ± 0.01^Babc

表1 生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗叶片叶绿素(Chl) a、Chl b以及Chl a+b含量的影响(平均值±标准差)

Table 1 Effects of plant growth regulators on chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b and Chl a+b contents in leaves of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming (mean ± SD)

处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
Chl a
CK	0.30 ± 0.02^Acd	0.25 ± 0.03^Acd	0.27 ± 0.04^Ade	0.34 ± 0.03^Acd	0.29 ± 0.01^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.03^ABb
6-BA 100	0.32 ± 0.03^ABcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Babc	0.33 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.36 ± 0.03^Abc	0.30 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.32 ± 0.01^ABb
6-BA 200	0.33 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.28 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.06^Aabce	0.39 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.33 ± 0.02^Babc	0.34 ± 0.01^Bb
6-BA 400	0.37 ± 0.02^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.36 ± 0.03^ABa	0.44 ± 0.01^Aa	0.34 ± 0.03^Bab	0.43 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.34 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Aa	0.35 ± 0.03^Aab	0.38 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.02^Babc	0.36 ± 0.02^ABb
NAA 100	0.30 ± 0.01^Acd	0.25 ± 0.04^Bcd	0.31 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.35 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.31 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.32 ± 0.04^Ab
NAA 150	0.27 ± 0.00^Ad	0.21 ± 0.01^Bd	0.24 ± 0.04^ABe	0.30 ± 0.02^Ad	0.23 ± 0.03^Bd	0.25 ± 0.01^ABc
GA₃ 100	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab	0.31 ± 0.02^Bab	0.34 ± 0.03^ABabc	0.43 ± 0.03^Aa	0.36 ± 0.04^Ba	0.37 ± 0.03^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.33 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.27 ± 0.04^Babc	0.30 ± 0.04^ABabcd	0.35 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.03^Ab
GA₃ 300	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.33 ± 0.04^Acd	0.28 ± 0.03^Acd	0.31 ± 0.04^Abc
IAA 50	0.32 ± 0.03^Abc	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.28 ± 0.03^ABcde	0.36 ± 0.02^Abc	0.31 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.34 ± 0.05^Ab
IAA 100	0.34 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.26 ± 0.04^Bbcd	0.29 ± 0.03^ABbcde	0.40 ± 0.04^Aab	0.31 ± 0.03^Babc	0.36 ± 0.07^ABb
IAA 150	0.37 ± 0.02^Aa	0.25 ± 0.03C^cd	0.31 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.42 ± 0.06^Aa	0.29 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.37 ± 0.03^Aab
Chl b
CK	0.22 ± 0.01^Acd	0.14 ± 0.00C^de	0.18 ± 0.01^Bd	0.23 ± 0.02^Adef	0.18 ± 0.01^Bdef	0.20 ± 0.02^ABef
6-BA 100	0.23 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.19 ± 0.01^Babc	0.21 ± 0.02^ABbcd	0.23 ± 0.02^Acdef	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcde	0.21 ± 0.01^ABdef
6-BA 200	0.25 ± 0.01^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.01^Ba	0.22 ± 0.02^Bbc	0.26 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.22 ± 0.02^Babc	0.24 ± 0.02^ABbcd
6-BA 400	0.27 ± 0.02^Aab	0.23 ± 0.01^Ba	0.24 ± 0.01^Bab	0.29 ± 0.01^Aab	0.23 ± 0.02^Bab	0.26 ± 0.02^Bbc
NAA 50	0.23 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.16 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.19 ± 0.02^ABcd	0.23 ± 0.04^Bcdef	0.17 ± 0.01C^ef	0.27 ± 0.01^Aab
NAA 100	0.19 ± 0.01^Ade	0.15 ± 0.03^Bde	0.17 ± 0.03^ABd	0.21 ± 0.02^Aef	0.15 ± 0.01^Bfg	0.19 ± 0.02^Af
NAA 150	0.17 ± 0.04^Ae	0.12 ± 0.03^Be	0.13 ± 0.01^Be	0.20 ± 0.02^Af	0.13 ± 0.01^Bg	0.15 ± 0.01^Bg
GA₃ 100	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.18 ± 0.03^Babcd	0.26 ± 0.02^Aa	0.30 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.03^Babc	0.29 ± 0.02^Aa
GA₃200	0.26 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.20 ± 0.03^Bab	0.21 ± 0.02^Bbcd	0.27 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.22 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.23 ± 0.02^ABcde
GA₃300	0.25 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.21 ± 0.04^Aa	0.21 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.25 ± 0.02^Acde	0.22 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.23 ± 0.03^Abcde
IAA 50	0.24 ± 0.02^Aabcd	0.16 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.19 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.24 ± 0.01^Acde	0.19 ± 0.03^Bcde	0.20 ± 0.03^Bef
IAA 100	0.24 ± 0.03^Aabcd	0.20 ± 0.01^Babc	0.22 ± 0.03^ABbc	0.25 ± 0.00^Acde	0.24 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.01^Adef
IAA 150	0.27 ± 0.02^Aa	0.22 ± 0.02^Ba	0.20 ± 0.01^Bbcd	0.30 ± 0.01^Aa	0.24 ± 0.03^Ba	0.26 ± 0.02^Babc
Chl a + b
CK	0.52 ± 0.03^Ade	0.39 ± 0.03^Be	0.45 ± 0.03^Bc	0.57 ± 0.04^Ade	0.47 ± 0.01^Bcd	0.52 ± 0.02^ABe
6-BA 100	0.54 ± 0.02^Acde	0.46 ± 0.04^Babcd	0.54 ± 0.04^Aabc	0.60 ± 0.05^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.02^Bcd	0.53 ± 0.01^Be
6-BA 200	0.59 ± 0.03^Aabc	0.49 ± 0.03^Bab	0.54 ± 0.07^ABabc	0.64 ± 0.03^Abc	0.55 ± 0.02^Babc	0.59 ± 0.02^Bbcde
6-BA 400	0.63 ± 0.03^Aa	0.53 ± 0.03^Ba	0.59 ± 0.02^Aab	0.73 ± 0.02^Aa	0.57 ± 0.04^Bab	0.68 ± 0.04^Aa
NAA 50	0.56 ± 0.01^Acd	0.48 ± 0.03^Babc	0.54 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.61 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.49 ± 0.03^Bcd	0.62 ± 0.04^Aabcd
NAA 100	0.50 ± 0.03^Ae	0.40 ± 0.03^Bde	0.48 ± 0.04^Ac	0.56 ± 0.04^Ade	0.46 ± 0.04^Bd	0.51 ± 0.07^ABe
NAA 150	0.44 ± 0.04^Af	0.33 ± 0.02^Bf	0.37 ± 0.06^Bd	0.50 ± 0.04^Ae	0.36 ± 0.02^Be	0.40 ± 0.02^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.63 ± 0.05^Aab	0.49 ± 0.04^Bab	0.60 ± 0.05^Aa	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.58 ± 0.07^Ba	0.67 ± 0.05^Aab
GA₃200	0.59 ± 0.02^Aabc	0.47 ± 0.06^Babc	0.51 ± 0.06^Babc	0.62 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.52 ± 0.02^Babcd	0.57 ± 0.06^ABcde
GA₃300	0.57 ± 0.04^Abcd	0.47 ± 0.03^Babc	0.50 ± 0.05^ABbc	0.57 ± 0.06^Acd	0.50 ± 0.05^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.01^ABde
IAA 50	0.56 ± 0.04^Acd	0.42 ± 0.05^Bcde	0.47 ± 0.06^Bc	0.61 ± 0.03^Abcd	0.50 ± 0.08^Bbcd	0.54 ± 0.08^Bde
IAA 100	0.57 ± 0.02^Abcd	0.46 ± 0.03^Bbcd	0.51 ± 0.06^ABabc	0.65 ± 0.04^Ab	0.55 ± 0.05^Aabc	0.58 ± 0.08^Acde
IAA 150	0.65 ± 0.04^Aa	0.47 ± 0.05^Babcd	0.50 ± 0.04^Bbc	0.72 ± 0.05^Aa	0.54 ± 0.02^Babc	0.63 ± 0.01^Babc

表2 生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗叶片类胡萝卜素含量的影响(平均值±标准差)

Table 2 Effects of plant growth regulators on carotenoid content in leaves of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming (mean ± SD)

处理Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual			二年生 Biennial
处理Treatment (mg·L^-1)	T1	T2	T3	T1	T2	T3
CK	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.03 ± 0.00^Aef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cef	0.02 ± 0.00^Bde
6-BA 100	0.02 ± 0.00^Ab	0.01 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bc	0.04 ± 0.00^Abc	0.02 ± 0.00^Cbcd	0.03 ± 0.00^Bb
6-BA 200	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.01 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.04 ± 0.00^Abc	0.03 ± 0.00^Cab	0.03 ± 0.00^Bb
6-BA 400	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Cbcd	0.03 ± 0.00^Ba	0.04 ± 0.00^Acd	0.03 ± 0.00^Bab	0.04 ± 0.00^Ab
NAA 50	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bcde	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.03 ± 0.00^Adef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cde	0.02 ± 0.00^Bcd
NAA 100	0.02 ± 0.00^Acd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.01 ± 0.00^Be	0.03 ± 0.00^Aef	0.02 ± 0.00^Cef	0.02 ± 0.00^Bde
NAA 150	0.02 ± 0.00^Ad	0.01 ± 0.00^Ce	0.01 ± 0.00^Be	0.02 ± 0.00^Ag	0.01 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Bf
GA₃ 100	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.01^Ba	0.03 ± 0.00^Bab	0.05 ± 0.00^Aab	0.03 ± 0.00^Cab	0.04 ± 0.00^Bab
GA₃ 200	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Bab	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.03 ± 0.00^Acde	0.03 ± 0.00^Bbc	0.03 ± 0.00^Bc
GA₃ 300	0.02 ± 0.00^Abcd	0.01 ± 0.00^Bde	0.02 ± 0.00^Ac	0.02 ± 0.00^Ag	0.01 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Ae
IAA 50	0.02 ± 0.00^Abcd	0.02 ± 0.01^Abcd	0.02 ± 0.00^Ab	0.03 ± 0.00^Bf	0.02 ± 0.00^Ccde	0.04 ± 0.01^Aab
IAA 100	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.02 ± 0.00^Bab	0.02 ± 0.00^Bb	0.05 ± 0.00^Aab	0.03 ± 0.01^Bab	0.04 ± 0.00^Bab
IAA 150	0.02 ± 0.00^Bbc	0.02 ± 0.00^Babc	0.03 ± 0.00^Aa	0.05 ± 0.01^Aa	0.04 ± 0.01^Ba	0.04 ± 0.00^Ba

图1 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下一年生红海榄幼苗净光合速率(Pn)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effects of plant growth regulators on net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of annual Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图2 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下二年生红海榄幼苗净光合速率(Pn)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Effects of plant growth regulators on net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of biennial Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图3 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下一年生红海榄幼苗气孔导度(Gs)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of plant growth regulators on stomatal conductance (Gs) of annual Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图4 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下二年生红海榄幼苗气孔导度(Gs)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Effects of plant growth regulators on stomatal conductance (Gs) of biennial Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图5 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下一年生红海榄幼苗胞间CO2浓度(Ci)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Effects of plant growth regulators on intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of annual Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图6 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下二年生红海榄幼苗胞间CO2浓度(Ci)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 6 Effects of plant growth regulators on intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of biennial Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图7 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下一年生红海榄幼苗蒸腾速率(Tr)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 7 Effects of plant growth regulators on transpiration rate (Tr) of annual Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图8 生长调节剂对低温胁迫(T2)及复温(T3)下二年生红海榄幼苗蒸腾速率(Tr)的影响(平均值±标准差)。不同大写字母表示时期间差异显著(p < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 8 Effects of plant growth regulators on transpiration rate (Tr) of biennial Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress (T2) and rewarming (T3) (mean ± SD). Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences among time periods (p < 0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between plant growth regulator treatments (p < 0.05).

图9 生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗光合特性的主成分(PC)分析。A, 低温胁迫时期。B, 复温时期。CC, 类胡萝卜含量; Chl a, 叶绿素a含量; Chl a+b, 总叶绿素含量; Chl b, 叶绿素b含量; Ci, 胞间CO2浓度; Gs, 气孔导度; Pn, 净光合速率; Tr, 蒸腾速率。

Fig. 9 Principal component analysis of plant growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming. A, Low temperature stress period. B, Rewarming period. CC, carotenoid content; Chl a, chlorophyll a content; Chl a+b, total chlorophyll content; Chl b, chlorophyll b content; Ci, intercellular CO2 concentration; Gs, stomatal conductance; Pn, net photosynthetic rate; Tr, transpiration rate.

表3 生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗光合特性的影响综合排序

Table 3 Comprehensive ranking of the effects of plant growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and rewarming

处理 Treatment (mg·L^-1)	一年生 Annual		二年生 Biennial		一年生 Annual		二年生 Biennial
	T2	T3	T2	T3	T2	T3	T2	T3
	平均隶属度 Average membership				排名 Rank
CK	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.21	12	12	12	12
6-BA 100	0.52	0.51	0.44	0.39	8	8	9	9
6-BA 200	0.57	0.63	0.46	0.47	5	5	7	7
6-BA 400	0.75	0.82	0.77	0.74	1	1	2	3
NAA 50	0.57	0.64	0.47	0.63	6	4	6	4
NAA 100	0.24	0.32	0.32	0.28	11	11	11	11
NAA 150	0.06	0.03	0.06	0.00	13	13	13	13
GA₃ 100	0.72	0.80	0.74	0.77	4	2	4	2
GA₃ 200	0.74	0.60	0.77	0.57	2	6	3	6
GA₃ 300	0.37	0.40	0.44	0.34	10	10	8	10
IAA 50	0.44	0.44	0.37	0.45	9	9	10	8
IAA 100	0.55	0.60	0.68	0.63	7	7	5	5
IAA 150	0.74	0.77	0.89	0.88	3	3	1	1

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生长调节剂对低温胁迫及复温下红海榄幼苗光合特性的影响

Effects of growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics of Rhizophora stylosa seedlings under low temperature stress and re-warming

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