半干旱草地植物和丛枝菌根真菌群落对长期降水增加的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2025.0083

植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 674-684.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0083 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2025.0083

半干旱草地植物和丛枝菌根真菌群落对长期降水增加的响应

何堂庆¹, 王变变², 曹鑫鑫¹, 张康成¹, 汪晓东¹, 王浩¹, 白彤硕¹, 赵叶新¹, 张艺¹, 王益³, 仇云鹏⁴^,^*(), 胡水金⁴

¹ 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京 210095
² 宁夏云雾山国家级自然保护区管理局, 宁夏固原 756099
³ 中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710061
⁴ 南京农业大学草业学院, 南京 210095

收稿日期:2025-03-05 接受日期:2025-05-27 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-03
通讯作者: *仇云鹏(yunpeng_qiu@njau.edu.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32371626);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20240193)

Responses of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities to long-term precipitation increase in a semi-arid grassland

HE Tang-Qing¹, WANG Bian-Bian², CAO Xin-Xin¹, ZHANG Kang-Cheng¹, WANG Xiao-Dong¹, WANG Hao¹, BAI Tong-Shuo¹, ZHAO Ye-Xin¹, ZHANG Yi¹, WANG Yi³, QIU Yun-Peng⁴^,^*(), HU Shui-Jin⁴

¹ College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
² Ningxia Yunwu Mountains National Natural Reserve Administration, Guyuan, Ningxia 756099, China
³ State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
⁴ College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received:2025-03-05 Accepted:2025-05-27 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-03
Contact: *QIU Yun-Peng(yunpeng_qiu@njau.edu.cn)
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32371626);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20240193)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物-丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)共生体系构成了陆地生态系统关键的养分传递网络, 在维持生态系统功能方面发挥着重要作用。然而, 目前对于AMF群落组成及其生态功能如何响应全球气候变化仍知之甚少。该研究依托黄土高原半干旱草地的全球变化长期控制实验平台, 利用野外原位样方调查和高通量测序技术, 探讨了降水增加背景下植物水分和养分获取策略及AMF群落组成的响应特征及其潜在关联。研究结果表明, 降水增加提高了半灌木和杂类草的生物量, 降低了禾草的生物量。相较于禾草, 半灌木和杂类草通常具有更加粗短的根系, 这可能增强了AMF的定殖潜力。高通量测序结果显示, 降水增加显著改变了AMF群落组成: 提高了巨孢囊霉科和类球囊霉科的相对丰度, 降低了球囊霉科相对丰度, 并显著提升了AMF群落网络的复杂性, 可能增强了植物对水分和养分的获取能力。综上, 该研究揭示了降水增加背景下植物功能群生长、根系性状、AMF群落组成及植物水分和养分获取策略之间的潜在联系。这些结果表明降水增加可能通过调控植物-AMF互作网络, 对草地生态系统的养分循环产生深远影响。

关键词: 降水增加, 丛枝菌根真菌, 资源获取, 半干旱草地

Abstract:

Aims The symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) constitutes a critical nutrient transfer network in terrestrial ecosystems, playing an essential role in sustaining ecosystem functions. However, AMF community composition and its ecological mechanism underlying their functional responses to global change remains poorly understood.

Methods By integrating a multi-year precipitation increase field experiment in a semi-arid grassland on the Loess Plateau with MiSeq sequencing, we measured plant biomass, root traits, and AMF community composition, and explored the effect of precipitation increase on plant resource acquisition strategies.

Important findings Our results showed that precipitation increase altered plant community composition, favoring subshrubs and forbs over grasses. Compared to grass, subshrub and forb often have thicker and shorter roots, which may enhance the colonization potential of AMF. MiSeq sequencing revealed that precipitation increase significantly altered the AMF community composition, increasing the relative abundance of Gigasporaceae and Paraglomeraceae, while reducing the relative abundance of Glomeraceae. Furthermore, precipitation increase enhanced the complexity of AMF community network. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that precipitation increase regulates plant water and nutrient acquisition pathway via altering plant functional group growth, root traits, and AMF community composition. These results indicate that precipitation increase may have profound effects on nutrient cycling in grassland ecosystems via regulating the plant and AMF interaction network.

Key words: precipitation increase, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, resource acquisition, semi-arid grassland

何堂庆, 王变变, 曹鑫鑫, 张康成, 汪晓东, 王浩, 白彤硕, 赵叶新, 张艺, 王益, 仇云鹏, 胡水金. 半干旱草地植物和丛枝菌根真菌群落对长期降水增加的响应. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(3): 674-684. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0083

HE Tang-Qing, WANG Bian-Bian, CAO Xin-Xin, ZHANG Kang-Cheng, WANG Xiao-Dong, WANG Hao, BAI Tong-Shuo, ZHAO Ye-Xin, ZHANG Yi, WANG Yi, QIU Yun-Peng, HU Shui-Jin. Responses of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities to long-term precipitation increase in a semi-arid grassland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(3): 674-684. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0083

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2025.0083

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2026/V50/I3/674

图/表 8

图1 降水增加对2021-2023年禾草类生物量(A-C)及半灌木和杂类草生物量(D-F)的影响(平均值±标准误)。图中圆圈表示数据点, *表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。Con, 环境降水处理; Pi, 降水增加处理。

Fig. 1 Effects of precipitation increase on grass biomass (A-C) and on subshrub and forb biomass (D-F) in 2021-2023 (mean ± SE). Dots represent replicate samples. * denote significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 level. Con, ambient precipitation; Pi, precipitation increase.

表1 降水增加对土壤理化性质和微生物生物量碳含量的线性混合效应模型分析结果(平均值±标准误)

Table 1 Results of the linear mixed-effects model analysis on the effects of precipitation increase on soil abiotic properties and microbial biomass carbon content (mean ± SE)

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	土壤含水量 Soil moisture (%)	铵态氮含量 NH₄⁺-N content (mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮含量 NO₃^--N content (mg·kg^-1)	可溶性有机碳含量 Dissolved organic carbon content (mg·kg^-1)	速效磷含量 Available phosphorus content (mg·kg^-1)	微生物生物量碳含量 Microbial biomass carbon content (mg·kg^-1)
2021	Con	8.09 ± 0.19	2.80 ± 0.12	14.70 ± 1.49	185.56 ± 12.58	-	628.60 ± 54.70
2021	Pi	9.48 ± 0.34	3.23 ± 0.09	16.06 ± 1.16	187.79 ± 12.33	-	727.32 ± 76.42
2022	Con	12.67 ± 0.14	1.39 ± 0.10	8.87 ± 0.15	133.96 ± 5.40	8.29 ± 0.84	708.17 ± 9.17
2022	Pi	14.01 ± 0.07	1.53 ± 0.02	9.68 ± 0.58	177.05 ± 10.58	9.31 ± 0.08	740.86 ± 56.27
2023	Con	8.11 ± 0.15	1.82 ± 0.16	20.83 ± 4.20	152.42 ± 7.50	-	656.60 ± 51.97
2023	Pi	9.26 ± 0.19	2.25 ± 0.17	21.42 ± 6.62	153.31 ± 11.18	-	601.09 ± 19.27

图2 降水增加对2021和2022年丛枝菌根真菌物种相对丰度(A, B), 以及2021和2022年(C, D)巨孢囊霉科(Giga)、类球囊霉科(Para)和球囊霉科(Glomeraceae)相对丰度的影响(平均值±标准误)。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 2 Effects of precipitation increase on the relative abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species (A, B) and on the relative abundance of Gigasporaceae, Paraglomeraceae, and Glomeraceae (C, D) in 2021 and 2022 (mean ± SE). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01. Con, ambient precipitation; Pi, precipitation increase.

图3 降水增加对2021和2022年丛枝菌根真菌群落组成的影响。*表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of precipitation increase on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community composition in 2021 and 2022. Con, ambient precipitation; Pi, precipitation increase. * denote significant differences between treatments at p < 0.05 level.

图4 降水增加对丛枝菌根真菌群落网络结构的影响。

Fig. 4 Effect of precipitation increase on co-occurrence network structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. Con, ambient precipitation; Pi, precipitation increase.

表2 不同处理下丛枝菌根真菌群落的网络拓扑特性

Table 2 Topological properties of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi co-occurrence networks under different treatments

处理 Treatment	平均度 Average degree	网络直径 Network diameter	网络密度 Network density	聚类系数 Clustering coefficient
Con	10.196	6.46	0.101	0.754
Pi	18.358	6.57	0.195	0.824

图5 2021年根系性状与巨孢囊霉科、类球囊霉科和球囊霉科相对丰度的关系。实线表示相关性显著(*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01), 阴影部分表示95%置信区间。

Fig. 5 Relationships between root traits and the relative abundances of Gigasporaceae (Giga), Paraglomeraceae (Para), and Glomeraceae in 2021. Con, ambient precipitation; Pi, precipitation increase. Solid lines indicate significant correlations (*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01), and shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals.

图6 土壤湿度与2021年(A, B)和2022年(C, D)巨孢囊霉科、类球囊霉科和球囊霉科相对丰度的关系。实线表示相关性显著(p < 0.05), 阴影部分表示95%置信区间。

Fig. 6 Relationships between soil moisture and the relative abundances of Gigasporaceae (Giga), Paraglomeraceae (Para), and Glomeraceae in 2021 (A, B) and 2022 (C, D). Con, ambient precipitation; Pi, precipitation increase. Solid lines indicate significant correlations (p < 0.05), and shaded areas represent 95% confidence intervals.

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半干旱草地植物和丛枝菌根真菌群落对长期降水增加的响应

Responses of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities to long-term precipitation increase in a semi-arid grassland

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