中国根层与表层土壤水分关系分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00001

植物生态学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 1-17.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00001

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

中国根层与表层土壤水分关系分析

刘苏峡¹^,^*(), 邢博¹^,³, 袁国富², 莫兴国¹, 林忠辉¹

¹中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101
²中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络监测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101

收稿日期:2012-04-10 接受日期:2012-08-20 出版日期:2013-04-10 发布日期:2013-01-15
通讯作者: 刘苏峡
作者简介:*E-mail:liusx@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41071024);973项目课题(2012CB957802);中国科学院方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-433)

Relationship analysis between soil moisture in root zone and top-most layer in China

LIU Su-Xia¹^,^*(), XING Bo¹^,³, YUAN Guo-Fu², MO Xing-Guo¹, LIN Zhong-Hui¹

¹Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
²Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Simulation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; and 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2012-04-10 Accepted:2012-08-20 Online:2013-04-10 Published:2013-01-15
Contact: LIU Su-Xia

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根层与表层土壤水分的关系, 是由较易获取的表层土壤水分信息去探讨较难获取的深层土壤水分信息的重要桥梁。已有的根层与表层土壤水分关系(简称根表关系)大都基于一种作物或一种生态系统。该文根据我国生态系统研究网络, 包括森林、草地、农田、荒漠和沼泽生态系统的31个站点109个观测场2006年全年3437对根层和表层土壤水分数据, 研究了根表关系以及生态系统、土壤质地、湿润度、植被、土壤厚度和土壤水分量级对根表关系的影响。研究发现, 表层和根层土壤水分存在着线性关系。森林和沼泽的根层与表层土壤水分相关程度较高, 无论是率定段还是校核段, 其决定系数(R²)均大于0.79。农田和草地生态系统的率定段相关性较好, R ²均大于0.80, 校核段相关性稍弱, R ²分别为0.70和0.50。荒漠生态系统的相关关系最弱, 率定段的R²为0.62, 校核段的R²为0.49。土壤质地和生态系统因素对根表关系的影响较为一致。半湿润带、半干旱带和干旱带的根表关系空间分异性最强; 十分湿润带的根表关系与壤土和森林生态系统的根表关系相对应。湿润带内部的根表关系较为一致。将植被对根表关系的影响分为4类, 前两类为根表关系微弱的植被, 由植被本身或者植被以外的地域因素导致, 不适合用根表关系去由表层推算根层土壤水分; 后两类为根表关系良好植被, 区别为服从和不服从关系总线, 可分别用各自的根表关系或者关系总线从表层土壤水分获取根层土壤水分。表层土壤水分与0-20、0-30、……、0-100 cm土层的土壤水分均分别具有较好的相关关系, 但二者的相关性随土层厚度的增加而降低。不过, 即使是土层厚度抵及100 cm, R ²仍能维持在0.79。通过将土壤水分分别除以所有观测数据的最大值(“标甲”法)和各个生态系统数据的最大值(“标乙”法), 发现根表关系不受土壤水分量级本身的影响。

关键词: 生态系统, 降水量, 土壤质地, 土层厚度, 土壤水分量级, 表层与根层土壤水分, 植被

Abstract:

Aims It is more difficult to determine soil moisture in root zones (RSM) than soil moisture in the top-most layer (TSM). The relationship between TSM and RSM based on point A is useful for acquiring RSM at point B from its TSM if the relationship between TSM and RSM is general. The general relationships established so far have been based on only one crop or one ecosystem. Our aims are to determine the general relationship between TSM and RSM in China over various crops and ecosystems and to explore the effects of ecosystem, soil property, precipitation, vegetation, soil thickness and the order of magnitude of soil moisture on the relationship.
Methods We used 3437 pairs of TSM and DSM data from 31 stations at 109 observation sites. The data represent all the terrestrial ecosystems, including forest, grass, agriculture, desert and mire, in 2006 from the China Ecosystem Research Network. We used linear regression in mathematics and effect analysis in physics to study the general relationship between TSM and RSM and to determine the influence of ecosystem, soil property, precipitation, vegetation, soil thickness, the order of magnitude of soil moisture on the relationship. The data are divided into calibration and verification groups for producing the relationship.
Important findings There is generally a linear relationship between TSM and RSM. The coefficient of determination (R²) between RSM and TSM is high for forest and mire ecosystems (R² > 0.79 for both calibration and verification), intermediate for agricultural (R ² > 0.80 for calibration and 0.70 for verification) and grass ecosystems (R ² > 0.80 for calibration and 0.50 for verification) and low for desert ecosystem (R ² = 0.62 for calibration and 0.49 for verification). The effect of soil properties on the relationship is similar to that of ecosystem, with mire ecosystem corresponding to meadow soil with white pulp, desert ecosystem corresponding to aeolian soil, grass ecosystem corresponding to sandy-loam and sandy soil, forest ecosystem corresponding to loam and agricultural ecosystem corresponding to various soil types. The spatial variability of the parameters for the relationship is very high for soil moisture within semi-humid, semi-arid and arid zones and low for humid zone. The relationship is similar among very-humid zone, loam and forest ecosystem. The effect of vegetation on the relationship can be divided into four categories: poor relationship due to the influence of vegetation itself, poor regional relationship due to the difference between the location sites of vegetation, good relationship at single point and good relationship over a region. It is not recommended to derive the RSM from TSM based on the relationship for the first two categories. It is suitable to use the relationship only at single point for the third category. And it is practicable to use the regional relationship to derive RSM from TSM for the fourth category. Correlation is higher between TSM and RSM where the soil layer is thicker. The R² can remain as high as 0.79 when the soil layer is as thick as 100 cm. By scaling the original soil moisture data with maximum value, it is found there is no effect of the order of the magnitude of soil moisture on the relationship.

Key words: ecosystem, precipitation, soil property, soil thickness, the order of the magnitude of soil moisture, top-most layer and root zone layer soil moisture, vegetation

刘苏峡, 邢博, 袁国富, 莫兴国, 林忠辉. 中国根层与表层土壤水分关系分析. 植物生态学报, 2013, 37(1): 1-17. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00001

LIU Su-Xia, XING Bo, YUAN Guo-Fu, MO Xing-Guo, LIN Zhong-Hui. Relationship analysis between soil moisture in root zone and top-most layer in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013, 37(1): 1-17. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00001

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00001

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2013/V37/I1/1

图/表 16

参考文献 35

[1]	Biswas BC, Dasgupta SK (1979). Estimate of soil moisture at deeper depth from surface layer data. Mausam, 30(4), 40-45.
[2]	Chen SP, Bai YF, Han XG, An JL, Guo FC (2004). Variations in foliar carbon isotope composition and adaptive strategies of Carex korshinskyi along a soil moisture gradient. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 28, 515-522. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 陈世苹, 白永飞, 韩兴国, 安吉林, 郭富存 (2004). 沿土壤水分梯度黄囊苔草碳同位素组成及其适应策略的变化. 植物生态学报, 28, 515-522.]
[3]	Das NN, Mohanty BP (2006). Root zone soil moisture assessment using remote sensing and vadose zone modeling. Vadose Zone Journal, 5, 296-307.
[4]	Deng TH, Fu XJ, Shen SH, Zhu ZX (2005). Transforming model of soil moisture between layers of 0-50 cm and 0-100 cm. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 23(4), 64-68, 102. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 邓天宏, 付祥军, 申双和, 朱自玺 (2005). 0-50 cm与0-100 cm土层土壤湿度的转换关系研究. 干旱地区农业研究, 23(4), 64-68, 102.]
[5]	Dorigo W, van Oevelen P, Wagner W, Drusch M, Mecklenburg S, Robock A, Jackson T (2011). A new international network for in situ soil moisture data. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 92, 141, doi: 10.1029/2011 EO170001.
[6]	Ji F, Ma YJ, Fan ZL (2001). Soil water regime in Populus euphratica forest on the Tarim river alluvial plain. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 25, 17-21. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 季方, 马英杰, 樊自立 (2001). 塔里木河冲积平原胡杨林的土壤水分状况研究. 植物生态学报, 25, 17-21.]
[7]	Jia BQ, Ci LJ, Cai TJ, Gao ZH, Ding F (2002). Preliminary research on changing soil water characters at ecotone between oasis and desert. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 26, 203-208. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 贾宝全, 慈龙骏, 蔡体久, 高志海, 丁峰 (2002). 绿洲-荒漠交错带土壤水分变化特征初步研究. 植物生态学报, 26, 203-208.]
[8]	Jia HK, Liu YH, Xu X, Wang K, Gao Q (2005). Simulation of soil water dynamics in a Caragana intermedia woodland in Huangfuchuan watershed: relationships among slope, aspect, plant density and soil water content. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 29, 910-917. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 贾海坤, 刘颖慧, 徐霞, 王昆, 高琼 (2005). 皇甫川流域柠条林地水分动态模拟——坡度、坡向、植被密度与土壤水分的关系. 植物生态学报, 29, 910-917.]
[9]	Lei ZD, Yang SX, Xie SC (1998). The Dynamics of Soil Water Movement. Tsinghua University Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 雷志栋, 杨诗秀, 谢森传 (1998). 土壤水动力学. 清华大学出版社, 北京.]
[10]	Li MX, Ma ZG, Niu GY (2011). Modeling spatial and temporal variations in soil moisture in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 56, 1809-1820.
[11]	Li ZH, Zhong YK (1996). The research on the dynamic rules of soil moisture in artificial grassland. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Neimongol, 27, 237-241. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 李政海, 仲延凯 (1996). 人工草地土壤水分动态规律的研究. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版), 27, 237-241.]
[12]	Liu CM, Zhao FY (1995). Characteristics of soil moisture in farmlands of arid area. Journal of Northwest Forestry College, 10(Suppl.), 148-152. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘长民, 赵凡衍 (1995). 旱地农田土壤水分含量变化特征研究. 西北林学院学报, 10(增刊), 148-152.]
[13]	Liu JL, Wang YH, Yu PT, Cheng LL, Xiong W, Xu LH, Du AP (2009). Vegetation carrying capacity based on soil water on typical slopes in the Diediegou small watershed of Liupan Mountains, Northwestern China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 33, 1101-1111. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘建立, 王彦辉, 于澎涛, 程丽莉, 熊伟, 徐丽宏, 杜阿朋 (2009). 六盘山叠叠沟小流域典型坡面土壤水分的植被承载力. 植物生态学报, 33, 1101-1111.]
[14]	Liu JL, Zhang ZH, Xie HX (2006a). Forecasting on deep soil water of cherry orchard of Jiaodong based on surface soil water information. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 13, 96-99. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘继龙, 张振华, 谢恒星 (2006a). 基于表层水分信息的胶东樱桃园深层土壤水分估算研究. 水土保持研究, 13, 96-99.]
[15]	Liu JL, Zhang ZH, Xie HX (2006b). On conversion relation between surface and deep soil water of apple orchard. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 27, 304-306. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘继龙, 张振华, 谢恒星 (2006b). 苹果园表层与深层土壤水分的转换关系研究. 农业现代化研究, 27, 304-306.]
[16]	Liu JL, Zhang ZH, Xie HX, Cai HJ (2007). Water holding capacity in soil of root layer of pear orchard in Jiaodong region. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 38, 640-644. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘继龙, 张振华, 谢恒星, 蔡焕杰 (2007). 胶东梨园根系层土壤贮水量估算研究. 土壤通报, 38, 640-644.]
[17]	Liu SX, Mo XG, Li HB, Peng GB, Robock A (2001). The spatial variation of soil moisture in China: geostatistical characteristics. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 79(2B), 555-574. DOI URL
[18]	Liu SX, Leslie LM, Speer M, Bunker R, Morison R (2003). Approaching realistic soil moisture status in the Goulburn River catchment of southeastern Australia before and after a bushfire with an improved meso-scale numerical weather prediction model. In: Tachikawa Y, Viean BE, Georgakkos KP, Nakakita E eds. Proceedings for the XXIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics., Sapporo, Japan, IAHS, 282, 215-320.
[19]	Liu SX, Mao LX, Mo XG, Zhao WM, Lin ZH (2008). Analysis of spatial variability of soil moisture and its driving force factors in the Shaanxi-Henan region along the Yellow River. Climatic and Environmental Research, 13, 645-657. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘苏峡, 毛留喜, 莫兴国, 赵卫民, 林忠辉 (2008). 黄河沿岸陕豫区土壤水分的空间变化特征及其驱动力因子分析. 气候与环境研究, 13, 645-657.]
[20]	Liu SX, Mo XG, Zhao WM, Naeimi V, Dai D, Shu C, Mao L (2009). Temporal variation of soil moisture over the Wuding River Basin assessed with an eco-hydrological model,in-situ observations and remote sensing. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 13, 1375-1398.
[21]	Liu SX, Mo XG, Li J, Liu WD (1999). The effects of soil moisture and soil-atmosphere interface on water-heat transfer in winter wheat field. Geographical Research, 18, 24-30. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘苏峡, 莫兴国, 李俊, 刘伟东(1999). 土壤水分及土壤-大气界面对麦田水热传输的作用. 地理研究, 18, 24-30.]
[22]	Mahmood R, Hubbard KG (2007). Relationship between soil moisture of near surface and multiple depths of the root zone under heterogeneous land uses and varying hydroclimatic conditions. Hydrological Processes, 21, 3449-3462.
[23]	Martinez C, Hancock GR, Kalma JD, Wells T (2008). Spatio-temporal distribution of near-surface and root zone soil moisture at the catchment scale. Hydrological Processes, 22, 2699-2714.
[24]	Mo XG, Qiu JX, Liu SX, Naeimi V (2011). Estimating root-layer soil moisture for the North China Plain from multiple data sources In: Hafeez M, van de Giesen N, Bardsley E, Seyler F, Pail R, Taniguchi M eds. Grace, Remote Sensing and Ground-Based Methods in Multi- Scale Hydrology. IAHS Publication, Melbourne. 343, 118-124.
[25]	Ragab R (1995). Towards a continuous operational system to estimate the root-zone soil moisture from intermittent remotely sensed surface moisture. Journal of Hydrology, 173, 1-25.
[26]	Ren L, Li CY, Li YZ (1998). Applications of new model to simulating the moisture variation of layered clayey soils. Journal of China Agricultural University, 3, 57-62. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 任理, 李春友, 李韵珠 (1998). 层状粘性土壤水分动态新模型的应用. 中国农业大学学报, 3, 57-62.]
[27]	Robock A, Vinnikov KY, Srinivasan G, Entin JK, Hollinger SE, Speranskaya NA, Liu SX, Namkhai A (2000). The global soil moisture data bank. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81, 1281-1299.
[28]	Sanderson K (2009). Satellite launches to track the world’s water. Nature, doi: 10.1038/news.2009.1054.
[29]	Science News (2008). How Dry We Are: European Space Agency To Test Earth’s Soil Moisture Via Satellite. 2008, April 29.
[30]	Sun L, Xiong W, Guan W, Wang YH, Xu LH (2011). Use of storage water in Larix principis-ruprechtii and its response to soil water content and potential evapotranspiration: a modeling analysis. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 411-421. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 孙林, 熊伟, 管伟, 王彦辉, 徐丽宏 (2011). 华北落叶松树体储水利用及其对土壤水分和潜在蒸散的响应: 基于模型模拟的分析. 植物生态学报, 35, 411-421.]
[31]	Wang HL, Zhang XC, Song SY (2011). Effects of mulching methods on soil water dynamics and corn yield of rain-fed cropland in the semiarid area of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 35, 825-833. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王红丽, 张绪成, 宋尚有 (2011). 半干旱区旱地不同覆盖种植方式玉米田的土壤水分和产量效应. 植物生态学报, 35, 825-833.]
[32]	Wei YF, Guo K, Chen JQ (2008). Effect of precipitation pattern on recruitment of soil water in Kubuqi Desert, Northwestern China. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 32, 1346-1355. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 魏雅芬, 郭柯, 陈吉泉 (2008). 降雨格局对库布齐沙漠土壤水分的补充效应. 植物生态学报, 32, 1346-1355.]
[33]	Yang JJ, Cai HJ, Wang SH, Xie HX (2010). Relationship between soil moisture in surface layer and in deeper depth in Yangling. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 28(3), 53-57. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 杨静敬, 蔡焕杰, 王松鹤, 谢恒星 (2010). 杨凌区浅层土壤水分与深层土壤水分的关系研究. 干旱地区农业研究, 28(3), 53-57.]
[34]	Zhan DJ, Ye SZ (2007). Engineering Hydrology. China Water Power Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 詹道江, 叶守泽 (2007). 工程水文学. 中国水利水电出版社, 北京.]
[35]	Zhang JY, Wu LY (2011). Land-atmosphere coupling amplifies hot extremes over China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 56, 1905-1909.

生态系统 Ecosystem	序号 No.	观测站名 Observation station name	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	观测场数 Number of observation fields	多年平均年降水量Average annual precipitation (mm)	土壤质地 Soil texture	主要土地覆被类型 Major land cover type
农田生态系统 Agriculture ecosystem	1	海伦 Hailun	126°38′	47°26′	6	550	黏土 Clay	大豆、狗尾草、小麦 Glycine max, Setaria faberii, Triticum aestivum
	2	沈阳 Shenyang	123°24′	41°31′	1	675	壤土 Loam	玉米 Zea may
	3	禹城 Yucheng	116°36′	36°57′	2	610	壤土 Loam	小麦-玉米、草 Triticum aestivum-Zea may, grass
	4	封丘 Fengqiu	114°32′	35°01′	5	605	砂壤土 Sandy loam	小麦-玉米、荒草 Triticum aestivum-Zea may, grass
	5	栾城 Luancheng	114°41′	37°53′	2	537	砂壤土 Sandy loam	小麦-玉米、草 Triticum aestivum-Zea may, grass
	6	常熟 Changshu	120°42′	31°33′	2	1038	壤土 Loam	小麦-水稻、草 Triticum aestivum-Oryza sativa, grass
	7	桃源 Taoyuan	111°27′	28°55′	8	1450	黏壤土 Clay loam	自然植被、水稻、油菜-红薯-萝卜、茶、柑橘 Natural vegetation, Oryza sativa, Brassica chinensis-Ipomoea batatas-Raphanus sativus, Camellia sinensis, Citrus reticulata
	8	鹰潭 Yingtan	116°55′	28°15′	3	1795	黏土 Clay	花生、水稻、草 Arachis hypogaea, Oryza sativa, grass
	9	千烟州 Qianyanzhou	115°04′	26°45′	2	1542	壤土 Loam	柑橘 Citrus reticulata
	10	盐亭 Yanting	105°27′	31°16′	4	826	黏壤土 Clay loam	小麦-玉米、油菜、草 Triticum aestivum-Zea mays, Brassica chinensis, grass
	11	安塞 Ansai	109°19′	36°51′	6	500	壤土 Loam	自然荒草、玉米、谷子 Natural grass, Zea mays, Pennisetum glaucum
	12	长武 Changwu	107°40′	35°12′	4	584	壤土 Loam	冬小麦、草 Triticum aestivum, grass
	13	拉萨 Lhasa	91°21′	29°41′	2	400	砂壤土 Sandy loam	春青稞、草 Hordeum vulgare, grass
森林生态系统 Forest ecosystem	14	长白山 Changbaishan	128°06′	42°24′	2	713	壤土 Loam
	15	北京 Beijing	115°26′	40°00′	6	595	壤土 Loam
	16	会同 Huitong	109°35′	26°47′	3	1300	黏土 Clay	人工林、常绿阔叶林 Plantation, evergreen broad-leaved forest
	17	鼎湖山 Dinghushan	112°32′	23°10′	3	1956	壤土 Loam	季风林、马尾松林、针阔混交林 Monsoon forest, Pinus massoniana forest, mixed wood of needle leaf forest and broad leaf forest
	18	鹤山 Heshan	112°54′	22°41′	2	1801	壤土 Loam
	19	茂县 Maoxian	103°54′	31°41′	3	825	壤土 Loam
生态系统 Ecosystem	序号 No.	观测站名 Observation station name	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	观测场数 Number of observation fields	多年平均年降水量Average annual precipitation (mm)	土壤质地 Soil texture	主要土地覆被类型 Major land cover type
	20	贡嘎山 Gonggashan	102°00′	29°34′	2	1300	砂土 Sandy soil	峨嵋冷杉成熟林 Mature forest of Abies fabr in E’mei
	21	哀牢山 Ailaoshan	101°01′	24°32′	4	1931	壤土 Loam	湿性常绿阔叶林、山顶苔藓矮林、滇山杨次生林、热带橡胶林 Moisture evergreen broad-leaved forest, summit mossy dwarf forest, secondary forest of Populus davidiana spp., tropical forest of Hevea brasiliensis
	22	西双版纳 Xishuangbanna	101°16′	21°54′	9	1557	黏壤土砂壤土 Clay loam and sandy loam	热带次生林、热带人工雨林、石灰山季雨林、鸡血藤热带次生林、热带季雨林 Tropical secondary forest, artificial tropical rainforest, monsoon rain forest over limestone, tropical secondary forest of Millettia reticulata, tropical monsoon rainforest
草地生态系统 Grass ecosystem	23	内蒙古 Nei Mongol	116°42′	43°38′	1	255	砂壤土 Sandy loam	羊草 Leymus chinensis
草地生态系统 Grass ecosystem	24	海北 Haibei	101°19′	37°37′	1	590	砂土 Sandy soil	矮蒿草甸 Artemisia lancea meadow
沼泽生态系统 Mire ecosystem	25	三江 Sanjiang	133°31′	47°35′	4	600	草甸白浆土Meadow soil with white pulp	大豆、毛果薹草、小叶章 Glycine max, Carex miyabei var. maopengensis, Calamagrostis angustifolia
荒漠生态系统 Dessert ecosystem	26	临泽 Linze	99°35′	39°04′	3	117	风沙土 Aeolian soil	玉米、枣 Zea mays, Ziziphus jujuba
	27	奈曼 Naiman	120°42′	43°55′	4	400	砂壤土 Sandy loam	春小麦-荞麦、狗尾草等 Triticum aestivum-Fagopyrum esculentum, Faberii herrm et al.
	28	沙坡头 Shapotou	104°57′	37°27′	4	186	风沙土 Aeolian soil	玉米、天然植被 Zea mays, natural vegetation
	29	鄂尔多斯 Ordos	110°11′	39°29′	2	250	风沙土 Aeolian soil	油蒿灌丛 Arternisia ordosica shrub
	30	阜康 Fukang	87°55′	44°17′	3	164	风沙土 Aeolian soil	棉花、梭梭和沙蒿 Gossypium spp., Herba cistranches, Artemisia ordosica
	31	策勒 Cele	80°43′	37°00′	6	34	风沙土 Aeolian soil	骆驼刺、花花柴、芦苇、柽柳及零星分节的一年生植物、棉花 Alhagi gagneb, Karelinia caspia, Phragmites australis, Tamarix ramosissima, some therophyte, Gossypium spp.

生态系统 Ecosystem	序号 No.	观测站名 Observation station name	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	观测场数 Number of observation fields	多年平均年降水量Average annual precipitation (mm)	土壤质地 Soil texture	主要土地覆被类型 Major land cover type
农田生态系统 Agriculture ecosystem	1	海伦 Hailun	126°38′	47°26′	6	550	黏土 Clay	大豆、狗尾草、小麦 Glycine max, Setaria faberii, Triticum aestivum
	2	沈阳 Shenyang	123°24′	41°31′	1	675	壤土 Loam	玉米 Zea may
	3	禹城 Yucheng	116°36′	36°57′	2	610	壤土 Loam	小麦-玉米、草 Triticum aestivum-Zea may, grass
	4	封丘 Fengqiu	114°32′	35°01′	5	605	砂壤土 Sandy loam	小麦-玉米、荒草 Triticum aestivum-Zea may, grass
	5	栾城 Luancheng	114°41′	37°53′	2	537	砂壤土 Sandy loam	小麦-玉米、草 Triticum aestivum-Zea may, grass
	6	常熟 Changshu	120°42′	31°33′	2	1038	壤土 Loam	小麦-水稻、草 Triticum aestivum-Oryza sativa, grass
	7	桃源 Taoyuan	111°27′	28°55′	8	1450	黏壤土 Clay loam	自然植被、水稻、油菜-红薯-萝卜、茶、柑橘 Natural vegetation, Oryza sativa, Brassica chinensis-Ipomoea batatas-Raphanus sativus, Camellia sinensis, Citrus reticulata
	8	鹰潭 Yingtan	116°55′	28°15′	3	1795	黏土 Clay	花生、水稻、草 Arachis hypogaea, Oryza sativa, grass
	9	千烟州 Qianyanzhou	115°04′	26°45′	2	1542	壤土 Loam	柑橘 Citrus reticulata
	10	盐亭 Yanting	105°27′	31°16′	4	826	黏壤土 Clay loam	小麦-玉米、油菜、草 Triticum aestivum-Zea mays, Brassica chinensis, grass
	11	安塞 Ansai	109°19′	36°51′	6	500	壤土 Loam	自然荒草、玉米、谷子 Natural grass, Zea mays, Pennisetum glaucum
	12	长武 Changwu	107°40′	35°12′	4	584	壤土 Loam	冬小麦、草 Triticum aestivum, grass
	13	拉萨 Lhasa	91°21′	29°41′	2	400	砂壤土 Sandy loam	春青稞、草 Hordeum vulgare, grass
森林生态系统 Forest ecosystem	14	长白山 Changbaishan	128°06′	42°24′	2	713	壤土 Loam
	15	北京 Beijing	115°26′	40°00′	6	595	壤土 Loam
	16	会同 Huitong	109°35′	26°47′	3	1300	黏土 Clay	人工林、常绿阔叶林 Plantation, evergreen broad-leaved forest
	17	鼎湖山 Dinghushan	112°32′	23°10′	3	1956	壤土 Loam	季风林、马尾松林、针阔混交林 Monsoon forest, Pinus massoniana forest, mixed wood of needle leaf forest and broad leaf forest
	18	鹤山 Heshan	112°54′	22°41′	2	1801	壤土 Loam
	19	茂县 Maoxian	103°54′	31°41′	3	825	壤土 Loam
生态系统 Ecosystem	序号 No.	观测站名 Observation station name	经度 Longitude (E)	纬度 Latitude (N)	观测场数 Number of observation fields	多年平均年降水量Average annual precipitation (mm)	土壤质地 Soil texture	主要土地覆被类型 Major land cover type
	20	贡嘎山 Gonggashan	102°00′	29°34′	2	1300	砂土 Sandy soil	峨嵋冷杉成熟林 Mature forest of Abies fabr in E’mei
	21	哀牢山 Ailaoshan	101°01′	24°32′	4	1931	壤土 Loam	湿性常绿阔叶林、山顶苔藓矮林、滇山杨次生林、热带橡胶林 Moisture evergreen broad-leaved forest, summit mossy dwarf forest, secondary forest of Populus davidiana spp., tropical forest of Hevea brasiliensis
	22	西双版纳 Xishuangbanna	101°16′	21°54′	9	1557	黏壤土砂壤土 Clay loam and sandy loam	热带次生林、热带人工雨林、石灰山季雨林、鸡血藤热带次生林、热带季雨林 Tropical secondary forest, artificial tropical rainforest, monsoon rain forest over limestone, tropical secondary forest of Millettia reticulata, tropical monsoon rainforest
草地生态系统 Grass ecosystem	23	内蒙古 Nei Mongol	116°42′	43°38′	1	255	砂壤土 Sandy loam	羊草 Leymus chinensis
草地生态系统 Grass ecosystem	24	海北 Haibei	101°19′	37°37′	1	590	砂土 Sandy soil	矮蒿草甸 Artemisia lancea meadow
沼泽生态系统 Mire ecosystem	25	三江 Sanjiang	133°31′	47°35′	4	600	草甸白浆土Meadow soil with white pulp	大豆、毛果薹草、小叶章 Glycine max, Carex miyabei var. maopengensis, Calamagrostis angustifolia
荒漠生态系统 Dessert ecosystem	26	临泽 Linze	99°35′	39°04′	3	117	风沙土 Aeolian soil	玉米、枣 Zea mays, Ziziphus jujuba
	27	奈曼 Naiman	120°42′	43°55′	4	400	砂壤土 Sandy loam	春小麦-荞麦、狗尾草等 Triticum aestivum-Fagopyrum esculentum, Faberii herrm et al.
	28	沙坡头 Shapotou	104°57′	37°27′	4	186	风沙土 Aeolian soil	玉米、天然植被 Zea mays, natural vegetation
	29	鄂尔多斯 Ordos	110°11′	39°29′	2	250	风沙土 Aeolian soil	油蒿灌丛 Arternisia ordosica shrub
	30	阜康 Fukang	87°55′	44°17′	3	164	风沙土 Aeolian soil	棉花、梭梭和沙蒿 Gossypium spp., Herba cistranches, Artemisia ordosica
	31	策勒 Cele	80°43′	37°00′	6	34	风沙土 Aeolian soil	骆驼刺、花花柴、芦苇、柽柳及零星分节的一年生植物、棉花 Alhagi gagneb, Karelinia caspia, Phragmites australis, Tamarix ramosissima, some therophyte, Gossypium spp.

土地覆被类型 Land cover type	n	a	b	R²
花生 Arachis hypogaea	12	18.997 0	-24.967 0	0.90
滇山杨次生林 Secondary forest of Populus davidiana spp.	36	5.058 6	-3.857 5	0.87
油菜 Brassica chinensis	25	6.367 9	-2.153 6	0.95
荒漠植被 Vegetation in desert	239	4.709 2	0.724 5	0.40
1. 奈曼差巴嘎蒿+小叶锦鸡儿 Arternisia halodendron + Caragana microphylia In Naiman	14	3.988 2	0.671 6	0.27
2. 奈曼狗尾草+芦苇+地锦 Setaria faberii + Phragmites australis + Parthenocissus semicordata in Naiman	15	3.475 3	1.669 4	0.33
3. 鄂尔多斯油蒿灌丛 Arternisia ordosica shrub in Ordos	21	16.995 0	-3.652 1	0.41
4. 鄂尔多斯气象站周围为油蒿灌丛Arternisia ordosica shrub about Ordos meteorological station	21	8.510 7	-0.628 7	0.14
5. 临泽红沙蒿、泡泡枣 Artemisia ordosica, Chaenomeles sinensis in Linze	18	10.280 0	0.156 1	0.76
6. 沙坡头红卫天然植被 Natural vegetations in Hongwei, Shapotou	21	1.654 7	0.508 7	0.70
7. 策勒骆驼刺、柽柳、花花柴和零星分布的草本植物 Alhagi gagneb, Tamarix ramosissima, Kareliniacaspia spp., and some grass in Cele	36	5.946 2	0.461 8	0.68
8. 策勒骆驼刺、花花柴、柽柳和部分一年生植物 Alhagi gagneb, Kareliniacaspia spp., Tamarix ramosissima, and some therophyte in Cele	36	7.053 3	0.120 0	0.61
9. 策勒骆驼刺、花花柴、芦苇及零星分布的一年生植物 Alhagi gagneb, Kareliniacaspia spp., Phragmites australis and some therophyte in Cele	36	6.892 1	0.366 2	0.78
10. 阜康梭梭和沙蒿 Herba cistranches, Artemisia ordosica in Fukang	22	10.010 0	-0.710 8	0.73
综合观测场植被 Vegetation in integrated observation field	212	5.438 5	1.014 3	0.95
季风林 Monsoon forest	36	3.573 5	1.372 1	0.98
气象观测场植被 Vegetation in meteorological station	179	5.001 0	1.480 3	0.92
热带林 Tropical forest	180	5.118 1	1.524 0	0.94
玉米 Zea mays	344	4.896 5	1.649 9	0.91
春小麦 Triticum aestivum	8	4.758 0	1.773 1	0.87
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	12	4.224 1	1.773 2	0.99
针阔混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	12	3.905 1	1.802 6	0.99
春青稞 Hordeum vulgare	13	5.002 6	1.809 0	0.92
裸地 Bare land	276	5.168 5	1.834 6	0.79
草地 Grass land	585	4.955 4	1.930 8	0.83
棉花 Gossypium spp.	130	5.014 3	2.407 5	0.13
1. 阜康棉花 Gossypium spp. in Fukang	108	5.537 7	1.001 1	0.82
2. 策勒棉花 Gossypium spp. in Cele	22	8.394 3	6.557 0	0.74
山顶苔藓矮林 Summit mossy dwarf forest	36	5.111 5	2.464 5	0.92
荞麦 Fagopyrum esculentum	7	4.686 6	2.656 8	0.97
小麦 Triticum aestivum	448	4.554 7	3.018 2	0.68
哀牢中山湿性常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad leaf forest in Ailao’s humid mountains	36	5.072 1	3.275 3	0.88
茶、柑橘 Camellia sinensis, Citrus reticulata	106	4.175 3	3.760 5	0.94
谷子 Pennisetum glaucum	36	3.045 2	4.107 4	0.62
桃源自然恢复和退化植被 Natural fields	72	4.066 5	4.143 7	0.89
羊草 Leymus chinensis	16	1.713 4	4.522 4	0.50
会同常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad leaf forest in Huitong	33	4.025 1	4.578 4	0.96
石灰山季雨林 Monsoon rain forest over limestone	36	3.534 9	4.849 2	0.92
红薯 Ipomoea batatas	15	3.457 9	6.031 3	0.83
鸡血藤热带次生林 Tropical secondary forest of Millettia extensa	36	3.180 2	6.995 9	0.97
杉木人工林 Plantation forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata	33	3.487 3	7.192 7	0.97
曼安热带林 Tropical forest in Man’an	36	3.694 1	7.303 0	0.97
萝卜 Raphanus sativus	6	2.251 3	9.162 6	0.99
土地覆被类型 Land cover type	n	a	b	R²
峨眉冷杉成熟林 Matural forest of Abies fabr in E’mei	17	3.559 4	9.400 7	0.80
大豆 Glycine max	75	2.577 5	10.179 0	0.26
1. 三江沼泽大豆 Glycine max in Sanjiang mire	13	2.396 1	15.302 0	0.43
2. 海伦大豆 Glycine max in Hailun	62	3.242 8	7.708 7	0.75
阔叶红松林 Broad leaf forest of Pinus koraiensis	18	1.610 1	12.580 0	0.88
毛果薹草 Carex miyabei var. maopengensis	12	2.950 3	15.291 0	0.37
水稻 Oryza sativa	37	1.482 6	15.838 0	0.15
1. 常熟水稻 Oryza sativa in Changshu	12	2.419 4	15.542 0	0.73
2. 鹰潭水稻 Oryza sativa in Yingtan	9	1.455 3	13.972 0	0.97
3. 桃源水稻 Oryza sativa in Taoyuan	16	1.609 4	13.963 0	0.89
小叶章 Calamagrostis angustifolia	26	2.812 6	16.485 0	0.79

土地覆被类型 Land cover type	n	a	b	R²
花生 Arachis hypogaea	12	18.997 0	-24.967 0	0.90
滇山杨次生林 Secondary forest of Populus davidiana spp.	36	5.058 6	-3.857 5	0.87
油菜 Brassica chinensis	25	6.367 9	-2.153 6	0.95
荒漠植被 Vegetation in desert	239	4.709 2	0.724 5	0.40
1. 奈曼差巴嘎蒿+小叶锦鸡儿 Arternisia halodendron + Caragana microphylia In Naiman	14	3.988 2	0.671 6	0.27
2. 奈曼狗尾草+芦苇+地锦 Setaria faberii + Phragmites australis + Parthenocissus semicordata in Naiman	15	3.475 3	1.669 4	0.33
3. 鄂尔多斯油蒿灌丛 Arternisia ordosica shrub in Ordos	21	16.995 0	-3.652 1	0.41
4. 鄂尔多斯气象站周围为油蒿灌丛Arternisia ordosica shrub about Ordos meteorological station	21	8.510 7	-0.628 7	0.14
5. 临泽红沙蒿、泡泡枣 Artemisia ordosica, Chaenomeles sinensis in Linze	18	10.280 0	0.156 1	0.76
6. 沙坡头红卫天然植被 Natural vegetations in Hongwei, Shapotou	21	1.654 7	0.508 7	0.70
7. 策勒骆驼刺、柽柳、花花柴和零星分布的草本植物 Alhagi gagneb, Tamarix ramosissima, Kareliniacaspia spp., and some grass in Cele	36	5.946 2	0.461 8	0.68
8. 策勒骆驼刺、花花柴、柽柳和部分一年生植物 Alhagi gagneb, Kareliniacaspia spp., Tamarix ramosissima, and some therophyte in Cele	36	7.053 3	0.120 0	0.61
9. 策勒骆驼刺、花花柴、芦苇及零星分布的一年生植物 Alhagi gagneb, Kareliniacaspia spp., Phragmites australis and some therophyte in Cele	36	6.892 1	0.366 2	0.78
10. 阜康梭梭和沙蒿 Herba cistranches, Artemisia ordosica in Fukang	22	10.010 0	-0.710 8	0.73
综合观测场植被 Vegetation in integrated observation field	212	5.438 5	1.014 3	0.95
季风林 Monsoon forest	36	3.573 5	1.372 1	0.98
气象观测场植被 Vegetation in meteorological station	179	5.001 0	1.480 3	0.92
热带林 Tropical forest	180	5.118 1	1.524 0	0.94
玉米 Zea mays	344	4.896 5	1.649 9	0.91
春小麦 Triticum aestivum	8	4.758 0	1.773 1	0.87
马尾松林 Pinus massoniana forest	12	4.224 1	1.773 2	0.99
针阔混交林 Mixed coniferous forest	12	3.905 1	1.802 6	0.99
春青稞 Hordeum vulgare	13	5.002 6	1.809 0	0.92
裸地 Bare land	276	5.168 5	1.834 6	0.79
草地 Grass land	585	4.955 4	1.930 8	0.83
棉花 Gossypium spp.	130	5.014 3	2.407 5	0.13
1. 阜康棉花 Gossypium spp. in Fukang	108	5.537 7	1.001 1	0.82
2. 策勒棉花 Gossypium spp. in Cele	22	8.394 3	6.557 0	0.74
山顶苔藓矮林 Summit mossy dwarf forest	36	5.111 5	2.464 5	0.92
荞麦 Fagopyrum esculentum	7	4.686 6	2.656 8	0.97
小麦 Triticum aestivum	448	4.554 7	3.018 2	0.68
哀牢中山湿性常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad leaf forest in Ailao’s humid mountains	36	5.072 1	3.275 3	0.88
茶、柑橘 Camellia sinensis, Citrus reticulata	106	4.175 3	3.760 5	0.94
谷子 Pennisetum glaucum	36	3.045 2	4.107 4	0.62
桃源自然恢复和退化植被 Natural fields	72	4.066 5	4.143 7	0.89
羊草 Leymus chinensis	16	1.713 4	4.522 4	0.50
会同常绿阔叶林 Evergreen broad leaf forest in Huitong	33	4.025 1	4.578 4	0.96
石灰山季雨林 Monsoon rain forest over limestone	36	3.534 9	4.849 2	0.92
红薯 Ipomoea batatas	15	3.457 9	6.031 3	0.83
鸡血藤热带次生林 Tropical secondary forest of Millettia extensa	36	3.180 2	6.995 9	0.97
杉木人工林 Plantation forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata	33	3.487 3	7.192 7	0.97
曼安热带林 Tropical forest in Man’an	36	3.694 1	7.303 0	0.97
萝卜 Raphanus sativus	6	2.251 3	9.162 6	0.99
土地覆被类型 Land cover type	n	a	b	R²
峨眉冷杉成熟林 Matural forest of Abies fabr in E’mei	17	3.559 4	9.400 7	0.80
大豆 Glycine max	75	2.577 5	10.179 0	0.26
1. 三江沼泽大豆 Glycine max in Sanjiang mire	13	2.396 1	15.302 0	0.43
2. 海伦大豆 Glycine max in Hailun	62	3.242 8	7.708 7	0.75
阔叶红松林 Broad leaf forest of Pinus koraiensis	18	1.610 1	12.580 0	0.88
毛果薹草 Carex miyabei var. maopengensis	12	2.950 3	15.291 0	0.37
水稻 Oryza sativa	37	1.482 6	15.838 0	0.15
1. 常熟水稻 Oryza sativa in Changshu	12	2.419 4	15.542 0	0.73
2. 鹰潭水稻 Oryza sativa in Yingtan	9	1.455 3	13.972 0	0.97
3. 桃源水稻 Oryza sativa in Taoyuan	16	1.609 4	13.963 0	0.89
小叶章 Calamagrostis angustifolia	26	2.812 6	16.485 0	0.79

层次 Layer (cm)	原始数据 Original data		标准化数据 Standardized data
层次 Layer (cm)	线性关系 Linear relationship	R²	线性关系 Linear relationship	R²
0-20 and 0-10	S₂₀ = 1.9964S₁₀ + 0.2888	0.97	y = 0.9366x + 0.0383	0.94
0-30 and 0-10	S₃₀ = 2.9850S₁₀ + 0.7373	0.94	y = 0.8936x + 0.0587	0.87
0-40 and 0-10	S₄₀ = 3.9184S₁₀ + 1.3667	0.91	y = 0.8652x + 0.0790	0.82
0-50 and 0-10	S₅₀ = 4.8093S₁₀ + 2.1495	0.88	y = 0.8514x + 0.0973	0.78
0-60 and 0-10	S₆₀ = 5.6775S₁₀ + 3.0933	0.86	y = 0.8437x + 0.1126	0.74
0-70 and 0-10	S₇₀ = 6.6045S₁₀ + 3.9304	0.84	y = 0.8434x + 0.1202	0.71
0-80 and 0-10	S₈₀ = 7.4855S₁₀ + 4.9945	0.82	y = 0.8366x + 0.1305	0.68
0-90 and 0-10	S₉₀ = 8.3742S₁₀ + 5.9630	0.81	y = 0.8331x + 0.1347	0.66
0-100 and 0-10	S₁₀₀ = 9.2663S₁₀ + 6.8993	0.79	y = 0.8076x + 0.1328	0.65

中国根层与表层土壤水分关系分析

Relationship analysis between soil moisture in root zone and top-most layer in China

全文

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 16

参考文献 35

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈科宇邢森唐玉孙佳慧任世杰张静纪宝明. 不同草地型土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落特征及其驱动因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(5): 660-674.
[2]	陈以恒玉素甫江·如素力阿卜杜热合曼·吾斯曼. 2001-2020年天山新疆段草地植被覆盖度时空变化及驱动因素分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(5): 561-576.
[3]	张计深, 史新杰, 刘宇诺, 吴阳, 彭守璋. 气候变化下中国潜在自然植被生态系统碳储量动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(4): 428-444.
[4]	董劭琼, 侯东杰, 曲孝云, 郭柯. 柴达木盆地植物群落样方数据集[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(4): 534-540.
[5]	邓文婕, 吴华征, 李添翔, 周丽娜, 胡仁勇, 金鑫杰, 张永普, 张永华, 刘金亮. 洞头国家级海洋公园主要植被类型及其特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(2): 254-268.
[6]	耿雪琪, 唐亚坤, 王丽娜, 邓旭, 张泽凌, 周莹. 氮添加增加中国陆生植物生物量并降低其氮利用效率[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(2): 147-157.
[7]	吴瀚, 白洁, 李均力, 古丽•加帕尔, 包安明. 新疆地区植被覆盖度时空变化及其影响因素分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(1): 41-55.
[8]	陈保冬, 付伟, 伍松林, 朱永官. 菌根真菌在陆地生态系统碳循环中的作用[J]. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(1): 1-20.
[9]	陈雪萍, 赵学勇, 张晶, 王瑞雄, 卢建男. 基于地理探测器的科尔沁沙地植被NDVI时空变化特征及其驱动因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(8): 1082-1093.
[10]	张中扬, 宋希强, 任明迅, 张哲. 附生维管植物生境营建作用的生态学功能[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(7): 895-911.
[11]	罗娜娜, 盛茂银, 王霖娇, 石庆龙, 何宇. 长期植被恢复对中国西南喀斯特石漠化土壤活性有机碳组分含量和酶活性的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(6): 867-881.
[12]	吕自立, 刘彬, 常凤, 马紫荆, 曹秋梅. 巴音布鲁克高寒草甸植物功能多样性与生态系统多功能性关系沿海拔梯度的变化[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(6): 822-832.
[13]	徐干君, 吴胜义, 李伟, 赵欣胜, 聂磊超, 唐希颖, 翟夏杰. 陕西黄河湿地自然保护区碳储量估算[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(4): 469-478.
[14]	王晓悦, 许艺馨, 李春环, 余海龙, 黄菊莹. 长期降水量变化下荒漠草原植物生物量、多样性的变化及其影响因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(4): 479-490.
[15]	任培鑫, 李鹏, 彭长辉, 周晓路, 杨铭霞. 洞庭湖流域植被光合物候的时空变化及其对气候变化的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(3): 319-330.