植物生态学报 ›› 2007, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 1046-1053.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0132
收稿日期:
2006-09-06
接受日期:
2007-04-24
出版日期:
2007-09-06
发布日期:
2007-11-30
通讯作者:
魏岩
作者简介:
* E-mail: weiyan1966@163.com基金资助:
WANG Hong-Fei1, WEI Yan1,*(), HUANG Zhen-Ying2
Received:
2006-09-06
Accepted:
2007-04-24
Online:
2007-09-06
Published:
2007-11-30
Contact:
WEI Yan
摘要:
散枝猪毛菜(Salsola bracchita)主要分布于新疆准噶尔荒漠,具有很强的抗干旱和抗盐碱能力。该文对散枝猪毛菜的果实进行了观察,表明散枝猪毛菜具有4种类型的散布单位和果实,这4种果实在形状、大小、颜色和着生方式上均有显著差异。A型果实绿色、球形、大,着生方式为横生,宿存花被革质,背部有紫红色翅状附属物,直径为(2.161±0.138) mm,单粒重为(3.810±0.113) mg;B型果实绿色、大、扁平、长圆形,着生方式为直立,宿存花被革质,背部有翅状附属物,长为(2.062±0.188) mm,宽为(1.720±0.148) mm,单粒重为(2.665±0.113) mg;C型果实绿色、大、扁平、长圆形,着生方式为直立,宿存花被膜质,背部无翅状附属物,长为(2.239±0.277) mm,宽为(1.844±0.150) mm,单粒重为(2.723±0.559) mg;D型果实黄色、小、扁平、长卵形,着生方式为直立,宿存花被膜质,背部无翅状附属物,长为(1.678±0.163) mm,宽为(1.390±0.110) mm,单粒重为(0.928±0.025) mg。A型、B型和C型种子(果实)在5 ℃/15 ℃、5 ℃/25 ℃、15 ℃/25 ℃(暗12 h/光12 h)变温条件下萌发率>68%,且B型和C型种子比A型种子有较高的萌发率和萌发速率。D型种子在3种变温条件下萌发缓慢,最终萌发率始终维持在较低水平(<20%),划破果皮和种皮能够显著提高D型种子的萌发率和萌发指数,表明D型种子处于生理休眠状态。散枝猪毛菜的种子多型性是对荒漠异质环境的一种适应。
王宏飞, 魏岩, 黄振英. 散枝猪毛菜的种子多型性及其萌发行为. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(6): 1046-1053. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0132
WANG Hong-Fei, WEI Yan, HUANG Zhen-Ying. SEED POLYMORPHISM AND GERMINATION BEHAVIOR OF SALSOLA BRACCHITA, A DOMINANT DESERT ANNUAL INHABITING JUNGGAR BASIN OF XINJIANG, CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(6): 1046-1053. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0132
果实类型 Fruit types | 颜色 Color | 着生方式 Position | 形状 Shape | 长 Length (mm) | 宽 Width (mm) | 质量 Weight (mg) | 翅 Wings | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A型 Type A | 绿色 Green | 横生 Horizontal | 圆形 Spherical | 2.161±0.138 | - | 3.810±0.113 | 长 Long | ||||
B型 Type B | 绿色 Green | 直立 Vertical | 椭圆形 Elliptical | 2.062±0.188 | 1.720±0.148 | 2.665±0.113 | 短 Short | ||||
C型 Type C | 绿色 Green | 直立 Vertical | 椭圆形 Elliptical | 2.239±0.277 | 1.844±0.150 | 2.723±0.112 | 无 Absent | ||||
D型 Type D | 黄色 Yellow | 直立 Vertical | 椭圆形 Elliptical | 1.678±0.163 | 1.390±0.110 | 0.928±0.025 | 无 Absent |
表1 散枝猪毛菜的果实类型及特征
Table 1 Types and characteristics of fruits of Salsola bracchita
果实类型 Fruit types | 颜色 Color | 着生方式 Position | 形状 Shape | 长 Length (mm) | 宽 Width (mm) | 质量 Weight (mg) | 翅 Wings | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A型 Type A | 绿色 Green | 横生 Horizontal | 圆形 Spherical | 2.161±0.138 | - | 3.810±0.113 | 长 Long | ||||
B型 Type B | 绿色 Green | 直立 Vertical | 椭圆形 Elliptical | 2.062±0.188 | 1.720±0.148 | 2.665±0.113 | 短 Short | ||||
C型 Type C | 绿色 Green | 直立 Vertical | 椭圆形 Elliptical | 2.239±0.277 | 1.844±0.150 | 2.723±0.112 | 无 Absent | ||||
D型 Type D | 黄色 Yellow | 直立 Vertical | 椭圆形 Elliptical | 1.678±0.163 | 1.390±0.110 | 0.928±0.025 | 无 Absent |
偏差来源 Source | 自由度df | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | p值 p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
类型Type 温度Temperature 类型 × 温度 Type × temperature 误差Error 总和Total | 3 2 6 36 48 | 14 279.687 50.085 197.832 69.300 | 206.057 0.723 2.855 | 0.000 0.492 0.022 |
表2 不同类型种子及不同变温对萌发影响的二因素方差分析
Table 2 Results of Two-way ANOVA of germination percentage under different types of seeds and different alternating temperatures
偏差来源 Source | 自由度df | 均方 Mean square | F值 F value | p值 p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
类型Type 温度Temperature 类型 × 温度 Type × temperature 误差Error 总和Total | 3 2 6 36 48 | 14 279.687 50.085 197.832 69.300 | 206.057 0.723 2.855 | 0.000 0.492 0.022 |
图2 散枝猪毛菜4种类型种子在不同变温下的萌发率(a)和萌发指数(b) 同种类型种子在不同温度和不同类型种子在同一温度下,不同的小写字母表示在p=0.05 水平上差异显著
Fig.2 The final germination percentage (a) and germination index (b) of four seed types of Salsola bracchita at different alternating temperatures Different small letters indicate significance at p=0.05 among the same type seeds under different temperatures and different types of seeds under the same temperature
图3 在5 ℃/25 ℃条件下散枝猪毛菜4种类型种子的累积萌发率
Fig.3 The cumulative germination percentage of four seed types of Salsola bracchita at alternating temperature 5 ℃/25 ℃
图4 不同变温下划破种皮D型种子的萌发率(a)和萌发指数(b) 不同的小写字母表示在 p=0.05 水平上差异显著
Fig.4 The final germination percentage (a) and germination index (b) of type D of Salsola bracchita seeds with scarification at different alternating temperatures Different small letters indicate significance at p=0.05
图5 在5 ℃/25℃条件下划破种皮D型种子的累积萌发率
Fig.5 The cumulative germination percentage of type D seeds of Salsola bracchita with scarification at alternating temperature 5 ℃/25℃
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