野豌豆属4种植物种子萌发的积温模型分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00841

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以青藏高原野豌豆属窄叶野豌豆(Vicia angustifolia)、山野豌豆(V. amoena)、歪头菜(V. unijuga) 3种野生植物与一种当地栽培植物救荒野豌豆(箭筈豌豆) (V. sativa) ‘兰箭3号’种子为材料, 在5、10、15、20、25及30 ℃下进行萌发实验, 应用种子萌发的积温模型对上述4种植物萌发对温度的响应特征进行了比较分析。结果表明: 1)基于萌发速率(1/T_g)对种子萌发温度最低温T_b值的估计受萌发率(g)的影响较小; 与此不同, 除‘兰箭3号’种子外, 对萌发最高温T_c值的估计, 受到g的显著影响。这表明种群内所有种子个体萌发的T_b值相对恒定, 但T_c值在有些物种中变异较大; 2)基于重复概率单位回归分析估计的种子萌发T_b值与基于萌发速率估计的值较为接近; 而由此方法估计的T_c值则与萌发率为50%时的估计值较为接近; 3)相比多年生豆科植物歪头菜和山野豌豆, 一年生豆科植物箭筈豌豆‘兰箭3号’与窄叶野豌豆具有相对较低的T_b与T_c值; 4)积温模型可准确地预测休眠破除后豆科植物种子在不同温度条件下的萌发进程。

关键词: 豆科, 种子萌发, 温度, 积温模型

Abstract:

Aims The study aimed to: 1) investigate the accuracy of thermal time model in predicating seed germination response to temperature for different legume species after dormancy release; 2) compare temperature requirements for seed germination of different legume species from the Qingzang Gaoyuan.
Methods The seeds of four Vicia species were germinated over the constant temperature range of 5-30 °C at 5 °C interval. The effects of temperature on seed germination were summarized in terms of the thermal time model for germination.
Important findings The base temperature (T_b) did not differ significantly within each sub-population by regressing germination rate on sub-optimal temperatures. In contrast with T_b, the ceiling temperature (T_c) differed significantly within each sub-population by regressing germination rate on supra-optimal temperature in all species except Vicia sativa. These imply the base temperature for all individual seeds in the populations were relative constant, but the ceiling temperatures may vary within the sub-populations. T_b value estimated by repeated probit analysis was quite close to the value estimated by regressing germination rate within sub-optimal temperatures; however, T_c value estimated by this method was close to the value estimated with T₅₀. Compared to two perennial legume species, annual legume species had lower T_b and T_c. The thermal model was accurate to predict the germination time course under different temperatures.

Key words: Leguminosae, seed germination, temperature, thermal time model

胡小文, 王娟, 王彦荣. 野豌豆属4种植物种子萌发的积温模型分析. 植物生态学报, 2012, 36(8): 841-848. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00841

HU Xiao-Wen, WANG Juan, WANG Yan-Rong. Thermal time model analysis for seed germination of four Vicia species. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2012, 36(8): 841-848. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00841

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00841

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2012/V36/I8/841

图/表 5

参考文献 23

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种名 Species	采收时间 Harvest time	产地 Collection site	生活型 Life form	硬实率 Hardseededness (%)	千粒重 1 000 seeds weight (g)
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	2010	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	一年或两年生 Annual or biennial	91	20.5
山野豌豆 V. amoena	2011	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	多年生 Perennial	90	20.3
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2010	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	多年生 Perennial	90	10.3
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	2010	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	一年或两年生 Annual or biennial	0	68.5

种名 Species	采收时间 Harvest time	产地 Collection site	生活型 Life form	硬实率 Hardseededness (%)	千粒重 1 000 seeds weight (g)
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	2010	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	一年或两年生 Annual or biennial	91	20.5
山野豌豆 V. amoena	2011	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	多年生 Perennial	90	20.3
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2010	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	多年生 Perennial	90	10.3
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	2010	甘肃夏河 Xiahe, Gansu	一年或两年生 Annual or biennial	0	68.5

种 Species	T_b (℃)	T_o (℃)	T_c (℃)	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	δ	θ_T (°C·d)
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	0.43	19.64	30.53	y = 0.0315x - 0.0134(T_b)	1.00	0.72	31.70
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	0.43	19.64	30.53	y = -0.0556x + 1.6975(T_c)	0.95	6.95	16.30
山野豌豆 V. amoena	3.29	19.84	37.17	y = 0.0287x - 0.0944(T_b)	1.00	1.23	34.88
山野豌豆 V. amoena	3.29	19.84	37.17	y = -0.0274x + 1.0184(T_c)	0.99	0.95	35.62
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2.44	20.09	37.37	y = 0.028x - 0.0684(T_b)	0.99	1.26	35.88
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2.44	20.09	37.37	y = -0.0286x + 1.0687(T_c)	0.98	2.00	35.37
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	-0.48	16.05	31.66	y = 0.0281x + 0.0135(T_b)	0.93	5.06	35.67
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	-0.48	16.05	31.66	y = -0.0297x + 0.941(T_c)	0.94	4.43	35.14

种 Species	T_b (℃)	T_o (℃)	T_c (℃)	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	δ	θ_T (°C·d)
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	0.43	19.64	30.53	y = 0.0315x - 0.0134(T_b)	1.00	0.72	31.70
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	0.43	19.64	30.53	y = -0.0556x + 1.6975(T_c)	0.95	6.95	16.30
山野豌豆 V. amoena	3.29	19.84	37.17	y = 0.0287x - 0.0944(T_b)	1.00	1.23	34.88
山野豌豆 V. amoena	3.29	19.84	37.17	y = -0.0274x + 1.0184(T_c)	0.99	0.95	35.62
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2.44	20.09	37.37	y = 0.028x - 0.0684(T_b)	0.99	1.26	35.88
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2.44	20.09	37.37	y = -0.0286x + 1.0687(T_c)	0.98	2.00	35.37
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	-0.48	16.05	31.66	y = 0.0281x + 0.0135(T_b)	0.93	5.06	35.67
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	-0.48	16.05	31.66	y = -0.0297x + 0.941(T_c)	0.94	4.43	35.14

种 Species	T_b (℃)	T_c (℃)	回归方程 Regression equation	R²	δ	θ_T (°C·d)
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	0.0	32.5	y = 2.2063lnx - 7.7004(T_b)	0.84	0.45	32.8
窄叶野豌豆 Vicia angustifolia	0.0	32.5	y = 0.7734lnx - 2.4399(T_c)	0.79	1.29	23.4
山野豌豆 V. amoena	3.0	37.0	y = 3.6854lnx - 13.428(T_b)	0.89	0.27	38.2
山野豌豆 V. amoena	3.0	37.0	y = 2.8209lnx - 10.105(T_c)	0.91	0.35	35.0
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2.0	37.0	y = 4.3563lnx - 16.095(T_b)	0.91	0.23	40.2
歪头菜 V. unijuga	2.0	37.0	y = 3.2947lnx - 11.701(Tc)	0.95	0.30	34.9
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	-2.0	31.0	y = 1.2441lnx - 4.5295(T_b)	0.93	0.80	38.1
‘兰箭3号’ V. sativa cv. ‘Lanjian 3’	-2.0	31.0	y = 0.9857lnx - 3.2453(T_c)	0.97	1.02	26.9