土壤氮磷对四季竹叶片氮磷化学计量特征和叶绿素含量的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01219

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物器官化学计量特征可以把环境和器官功能性状联系起来, 从而为探索环境作用于植物器官功能的内在机制及器官功能的调控提供可能。通过土壤氮(N)、磷(P)添加设置土壤不同全N和全P浓度的盆栽实验, 分析了土壤和四季竹(Oligostachyum lubricum)叶片N、P化学计量特征及叶片叶绿素含量间的关系。实验设置的土壤不同全N和全P浓度包括对照(全N: 421.76 mg·kg^-1, 全P: 37.35 mg·kg^-1, 1N1P)、全N和全P浓度分别是对照相应浓度的2倍和2倍(2N2P)、2倍和3倍(2N3P)、2倍和4倍(2N4P)、3倍和2倍(3N2P)、3倍和3倍(3N3P)、3倍和4倍(3N4P)、4倍和2倍(4N2P)、4倍和3倍(4N3P)、4倍和4倍(4N4P)共10个处理。结果表明: 土壤N含量分别与叶片N含量和叶片N : P呈极显著正相关, 而土壤P含量与叶片P含量及叶片N : P均无显著性相关。叶片N : P随土壤N : P的增大而增大, 但其增加速率小于土壤N : P的增加速率。相同土壤N : P (11.29)条件下, 生长在2N2P处理和3N3P处理土壤中的立竹叶片N : P无显著差异, 但均显著高于对照(1N1P)并显著低于4N4P处理。土壤不同全N浓度对叶片N : P的影响与相应浓度N和P处理对叶片N : P的影响具有相同的规律。叶片N : P是影响叶片叶绿素含量的主要因素。分析发现: 土壤全N较土壤全P对四季竹叶片N、P化学计量特征具有更大的影响, 并且在土壤全N供应充足时四季竹叶片存在对N的奢侈吸收。N、P添加前土壤N是影响四季竹生长的主要限制元素。

关键词: 叶绿素, 生态化学计量, 奢侈吸收, 氮磷元素, 四季竹

Abstract:

Aims Organ stoichiometric characteristics are the bridge that connects environment and plant organ traits. The relationships among environment, organ stoichiometric characteristics and organ traits reveal mechanisms of environmental effects on plant organ traits and make it possible to regulate plant traits. Our objective was try to find the relationships among soil and leaf nitrogen (N), phosphonium (P) stoichiometric characteristics and leaf chlorophyll content for Oligostachyum lubricum.
Methods Total N, P concentrations of the original soil in pots were 421.76 and 37.35 mg·kg^-1, respectively, and the original soil was treated as the control (1N1P). Total experimental N, P concentration were two, three and four times as high as the control. Different N, P levels were combined into 10 combinations (2N2P, 2N3P, 2N4P, 3N2P, 3N3P, 3N4P, 4N2P, 4N3P, 4N4P and 1N1P) and every combination except the control was achieved by adding different amounts of NH₄NO₃ and NH₄H₂PO₄. Leaf samples were collected from ramets of O. lubricum after grown in the pot soil with different N, P level combinations for 45 days. Leaf total N concentration was determined by employing the Kjeldahl method and leaf total P concentration by the acid melt-molybdenum stibium anti-color method. Leaf chlorophyll concentrations were measured based on acetone-ethanol mixture (1 : 1) extraction method. Soil and leaf total N, P concentrations were expressed as mg·kg^-1DW.
Important findings Soil total N concentration was significantly positively correlated with leaf total N concentration and leaf N : P ratio, whereas soil total P concentration had no significant correlation with leaf total P concentration and leaf N : P ratio. Leaf N : P ratio increased with the increasing of soil N : P ratio, and the rate of increase of soil N : P ratio was faster than that of leaf N : P ratio. At the same soil condition, leaf N : P ratio of ramets growing in soil with 2N2P and 3N3P had no significant difference, but the both were higher than the control (1N1P) and lower than that growing in soil with 4N4P. Leaf N : P was the main factor that affected leaf chlorophyll content. Results suggested that soil total N concentration had more effect on leaf N, P stoichiometric characteristics than soil total P. Sufficient supply of soil total N lead to the luxury uptake of N by leaves of O. lubricum. The growth of O. lubricum was limited by low soil total N concentration before N and P addition.

Key words: chlorophyll, ecological stoichiometry, luxury uptake, nitrogen and phosphorus, Oligostachyum lubricum

顾大形, 陈双林, 黄玉清. 土壤氮磷对四季竹叶片氮磷化学计量特征和叶绿素含量的影响. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(12): 1219-1225. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01219

GU Da-Xing, CHEN Shuang-Lin, HUANG Yu-Qing. Effects of soil nitrogen and phosphonium on leaf nitrogen and phosphonium stoichiometric characteristics and chlorophyll content of Oligostachyum lubricum. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(12): 1219-1225. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01219

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图/表 5

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土壤N、P水平 Soil N, P level	土壤全N Soil total N (mg·kg^-1)	土壤全P Soil total P (mg·kg^-1)	土壤N : P Soil N : P
1N1P	421.76	37.35	11.29
2N2P	843.52	74.70	11.29
2N3P	843.52	112.05	7.53
2N4P	843.52	149.41	5.65
3N2P	1265.29	74.70	16.94
3N3P	1265.29	112.05	11.29
3N4P	1265.29	149.41	8.47
4N2P	1687.05	74.70	22.58
4N3P	1687.05	112.05	15.06
4N4P	1687.05	149.41	11.29

土壤N、P水平 Soil N, P level	土壤全N Soil total N (mg·kg^-1)	土壤全P Soil total P (mg·kg^-1)	土壤N : P Soil N : P
1N1P	421.76	37.35	11.29
2N2P	843.52	74.70	11.29
2N3P	843.52	112.05	7.53
2N4P	843.52	149.41	5.65
3N2P	1265.29	74.70	16.94
3N3P	1265.29	112.05	11.29
3N4P	1265.29	149.41	8.47
4N2P	1687.05	74.70	22.58
4N3P	1687.05	112.05	15.06
4N4P	1687.05	149.41	11.29

	叶片叶绿素含量 Leaf chlorophyll content	叶片N : P Leaf N : P	土壤N : P Soil N : P	土壤N Soil N	土壤P Soil P	叶片N Leaf N
叶片N : P Leaf N : P	0.590^**	1.000
土壤N : P Soil N : P	0.347	0.476^**	1.000
土壤N Soil N	0.505^**	0.804^**	0.569^**	1.000
土壤P Soil P	0.130	0.317	-0.516^**	0.375^*	1.000
叶片N Leaf N	0.462^*	0.643^**	0.190	0.703^**	0.573^**	1.000
叶片P Leaf P	-0.511^**	-0.917^**	-0.459^*	-0.660^**	-0.159	-0.329

	叶片叶绿素含量 Leaf chlorophyll content	叶片N : P Leaf N : P	土壤N : P Soil N : P	土壤N Soil N	土壤P Soil P	叶片N Leaf N
叶片N : P Leaf N : P	0.590^**	1.000
土壤N : P Soil N : P	0.347	0.476^**	1.000
土壤N Soil N	0.505^**	0.804^**	0.569^**	1.000
土壤P Soil P	0.130	0.317	-0.516^**	0.375^*	1.000
叶片N Leaf N	0.462^*	0.643^**	0.190	0.703^**	0.573^**	1.000
叶片P Leaf P	-0.511^**	-0.917^**	-0.459^*	-0.660^**	-0.159	-0.329

影响因子 Influencing factors	直接效应 Direct effect	间接效应 Indirect effect					相关系数 Correlation coefficient
影响因子 Influencing factors	直接效应 Direct effect	X₁→Y	X₂→Y	X₃→Y	X₄→Y	总计 Total	相关系数 Correlation coefficient
X₁	0.312		0.012	0.130	0.137	0.278	0.590^**
X₂	0.015	0.251		0.140	0.099	0.490	0.505^**
X₃	0.202	0.201	0.010		0.049	0.260	0.462^*
X₄	-0.149	-0.286	-0.010	-0.066		-0.362	-0.511^**