改变凋落物输入对杉木人工林土壤呼吸的短期影响

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.012

植物生态学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 739-747.DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.012

所属专题：生态系统碳水能量通量

改变凋落物输入对杉木人工林土壤呼吸的短期影响

王光军¹^,², 田大伦¹^,²^,^*(), 闫文德¹^,², 朱凡¹^,², 项文化¹^,², 梁小翠¹

1 中南林业科技大学南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室,长沙 410004
2 湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,湖南会同 418307

收稿日期:2008-06-26 修回日期:2009-02-09 出版日期:2009-06-26 发布日期:2009-07-30
通讯作者: 田大伦
作者简介:*(csufttdl@126.com)
基金资助:
国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200804030);湖南省杰出青年基金项目(07JJ1004);国家林业局“948”项目(2007-4-19);国家林业局“948”项目(2008-4-36);国家自然科学基金(30571487);湖南省科技厅重点项目(06FJ3083);湖南省科技厅重点项目(05NK3026);中南林业科技大学青年科学研究基金(2008003A)

EFFECTS OF ABOVEGROUND LITTER EXCLUSION AND ADDITION ON SOIL RESPIRATION IN A CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA PLANTATION IN CHINA

WANG Guang-Jun¹^,², TIAN Da-Lun¹^,²^,^*(), YAN Wen-De¹^,², ZHU Fan¹^,², XIANG Wen-Hua¹^,², LIANG Xiao-Cui¹

¹Central-South University of Forestry & Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Changsha 410004, China
²Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation & Experiment for Chinese Fir Ecosystem, Huitong, Hunan 418307, China

Received:2008-06-26 Revised:2009-02-09 Online:2009-06-26 Published:2009-07-30
Contact: TIAN Da-Lun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从2007年1月至12月, 在长沙天际岭国家森林公园, 通过改变杉木林凋落物输入, 研究杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林群落去除凋落物、加倍凋落物土壤呼吸速率及5 cm土壤温、湿度的季节变化。结果表明: 去除和加倍凋落物对土壤温度和湿度产生的差异不显著(p>0.05), 对土壤呼吸全年产生的差异接近显著(Marginal significant)(p=0.058)。按植物生长期分别分析, 去除和加倍凋落物对土壤呼吸产生的差异, 在生长旺盛期差异显著(p=0.003), 在生长非旺盛期差异性不显著(p=0.098)。去除凋落物年均土壤呼吸速率为159.2 mg CO₂·m^-2·h^-1, 比对照处理土壤呼吸速率(180.9 mg CO₂·m^-2·h^-1)低15.0%, 加倍凋落物的土壤呼吸为216.8 mg CO₂·m^-2·h^-1, 比对照处理高17.0%。去除和加倍凋落物土壤呼吸季节动态趋势与5 cm深度土壤温度相似, 它们之间呈显著指数相关, 模拟方程分别为: y=27.33e^{0.087 2}^t(R²=0.853, p＜0.001), y=37.25e^{0.088 8}^t(R²=0.896, p＜0.001)。去除和加倍凋落物的Q₁₀值分别为2.39和2.43, 均比对照2.26大。去除和加倍凋落物土壤呼吸与土壤湿度之间关系不显著(p>0.05)。这一结果使我们能够在较短时间内观察到改变凋落物输入对土壤呼吸的影响, 证明凋落物是影响土壤CO₂通量的重要因子之一。

关键词: 杉木人工林, 土壤呼吸, 凋落物, 土壤温度, 土壤含水量, Q₁₀值

Abstract:

Aims Soil respiration is the largest carbon flux in forest ecosystems except for canopy photosynjournal, but the effect of litter on soil respiration in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations is poorly understood. Our objectives were to examine quantitative differences in changes in soil respiration induced by litter exclusion and addition and to determine how litter manipulation affects soil CO₂ flux in C. lanceolata plantation ecosystems.
Methods We measured soil respiration with an infrared gas exchange analyzer (Li-6400-09) in Tianjiling National Forestry Park, Changsha, Hunan, China from January to December 2007. In the litter exclusion treatment, all ground litter was removed and aboveground litter input was excluded. In the litter addition treatment, litter removed from litter exclusion plots was added to produce double litter. Soil temperature and moisture were measured at 5 cm depth at the same time as soil respiration measurements.
Important findings The treatments of litter exclusion and addition had significantly different seasonal patterns of CO₂ flux processes. Average soil respiration rates of litter exclusion and addition plots were 159.2 and 216.8 mg CO₂·m^-2·h^-1, respectively. The soil respiration rate with litter exclusion was 15.0% lower than the control (180.9 mg CO₂·m^-2·h^-1) and with litter addition was 17.0% higher than the control. Significant exponential relationships were found between soil temperature and soil respiration rate under both treatments, and soil temperature could explain 85.3% and 89.6% of the seasonal changes in soil respiration in the litter exclusion and litter addition plots, respectively. The relationship between soil respiration rate (y) and soil temperature (t) was described by the regression equations: y=27.33e^{0.087 2}^t(R²=0.853, p＜0.001) and y=37.25e^{0.088 8}^t(R²=0.896, p＜0.001) in the litter exclusion and addition plots, respectively. The Q₁₀ values in the litter exclusion and litter addition plots were 2.39 and 2.43, higher than the control (2.26). The results indicated that litter-fall is an important factor affecting soil CO₂ efflux in forests.

Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, soil respiration, soil temperature, soil moisture, Q₁₀value

王光军, 田大伦, 闫文德, 朱凡, 项文化, 梁小翠. 改变凋落物输入对杉木人工林土壤呼吸的短期影响. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(4): 739-747. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.012

WANG Guang-Jun, TIAN Da-Lun, YAN Wen-De, ZHU Fan, XIANG Wen-Hua, LIANG Xiao-Cui. EFFECTS OF ABOVEGROUND LITTER EXCLUSION AND ADDITION ON SOIL RESPIRATION IN A CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA PLANTATION IN CHINA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(4): 739-747. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.012

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.04.012

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I4/739

图/表 6

表1 杉木林群落土壤的理化特性和凋落物量

Table 1 Soil physical chemical properties and litter production in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

森林类型 Forest type	全C Total C (mg C·g^-1)	全N Total N (mg N·g^-1)	碳/氮 C/N	pH	土壤密度 Soil density (g·cm^-3)	凋落物 Litter production (g·m^-2·a^-1)
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	7.81 (0.24)	0.89 (0.5)	11.83	3.55	1.52 (0.02)	575.1 (51.5)

图1 杉木人工林去除凋落物、添加凋落物和对照的土壤呼吸速率、温度和湿度季节动态每个点数据是4块样地的平均值, n=12, bar是标准误 The data of every point were mean of four plots, n=12, bar was SE

Fig. 1 Seasonal dynamics of soil respiration rates, soil temperatures and moistures at 5 cm depth of different treatments with no litter, double litter and control in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation community

表2 用repeated measures ANOVA分析杉木人工林3种凋落物处理在生长期、非生长期和全年土壤呼吸(SR)、土壤温度(ST)和湿度(SM)的结果

Table 2 Result of repeated measures ANOVA for soil respiration (SR), soil temperature (ST) and soil moisture (SM) by three litter treatments in the non-growing season, growing season and total annual in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation community

项目 Items		非生长期(1~4月、11和12月) Non-growing season (Jan. to Apr., Nov. and Dec.)		生长旺盛期(5~10月) Growing season (May-Oct.)		全年 Total annual
项目 Items		月份间效应 Test of with months	处理间效应 Test of between treatments	月份间效应 Test of with months	处理间效应 Test of between treatments		月份间效应 Test of with months	处理间效应 Test of between treatments
SR	自由度 df	5	2	5	2	11		2
	F值 F value	7.836	1.793	8.836	4.638	53.113		2.967
	p	0.020	0.182	0.000	0.018	0.000		0.058
ST (℃)	自由度 df	5	2	5	2	11		2
	F值 F value	38.323	0.001	41.837	0.633	196.257		0.325
	p	0.000	0.999	0.000	0.538	0.000		0.724
SM (%)	自由度 df	5	2	5	2	11		2
	F值 F value	36.938	0.761	14.457	0.720	29.651		1.483
	p	0.000	0.477	0.000	0.496	0.000		0.235

图2 去除凋落物和添加凋落物对土壤呼吸速率影响的变化幅度

Fig. 2 Percent changes in soil respiration induced by litter exclusion or addition in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

图3 去除和添加凋落物引起土壤呼吸的绝对变化值与对照样方的土壤温度相关关系

Fig. 3 The relationship between changes in soil respirations of litter exclusion, litter addition and soil temperature of control in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

图4 去除凋落物、添加凋落物和对照点土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤温度、湿度相关关系

Fig. 4 The relationships between soil respirations and soil temperatures and moistures at 5 cm depth in the litter exclusion, litter addition and control treatments in Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation

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改变凋落物输入对杉木人工林土壤呼吸的短期影响

EFFECTS OF ABOVEGROUND LITTER EXCLUSION AND ADDITION ON SOIL RESPIRATION IN A CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA PLANTATION IN CHINA

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