植物生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 304-317.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0017

所属专题: 碳储量

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘肃省森林碳储量现状与固碳速率

关晋宏1,2, 杜盛1,3,*(), 程积民1,3, 吴春荣4, 李国庆1,3, 邓磊2, 张建国3, 何秋月2, 时伟宇5   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100
    2西北农林科技大学林学院, 陕西杨凌 712100
    3中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100
    4甘肃省治沙研究所, 兰州 730000
    5中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710075
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-12 接受日期:2016-03-30 出版日期:2016-04-29 发布日期:2016-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 杜盛
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA- 05050202)和中国博士后科学基金(2015M580877)

Current stocks and rate of sequestration of forest carbon in Gansu Province, China

Jin-Hong GUAN1,2, Sheng DU1,3,*(), Ji-Min CHENG1,3, Chun-Rong WU4, Guo-Qing LI1,3, Lei DENG2, Jian-Guo ZHANG3, Qiu-Yue HE2, Wei-Yu SHI5   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

    2College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

    3Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

    4Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730000, China
    and
    5State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China
  • Received:2016-01-12 Accepted:2016-03-30 Online:2016-04-29 Published:2016-04-30
  • Contact: Sheng DU

摘要:

针对森林碳平衡再评估的重要性和区域尺度森林生态系统碳库量化分配的不确定性, 该研究依据全国森林资源连续清查结果中甘肃省各森林类型分布的面积与蓄积比重以及林龄和起源等要素, 在甘肃省布设212个样地, 经野外调查与采样、室内分析, 并对典型样地信息按照面积权重进行尺度扩展, 估算了甘肃省森林生态系统碳储量及其分布特征。结果表明: 甘肃省森林生态系统总碳储量为612.43 Tg C, 其中植被生物量碳为179.04 Tg C, 土壤碳为433.39 Tg C。天然林是甘肃省碳储量的主要贡献者, 其值为501.42 Tg C, 是人工林的4.52倍。天然林和人工林的植被碳密度均表现为随林龄的增加而增加的趋势, 同一龄组天然林植被碳密度高于人工林。天然林土壤碳密度从幼龄林到过熟林逐渐增加, 但人工林土壤碳密度最大值主要为近熟林。全省森林植被碳密度均值为72.43 Mg C·hm-2, 天然林和人工林分别为90.52和33.79 Mg C·hm-2。基于森林清查资料和标准样地实测数据, 估算出全省天然林和人工林在1996年的植被碳储量为132.47和12.81 Tg C, 2011年分别为152.41和26.63 Tg C, 平均固碳速率分别为1.33和0.92 Tg C·a-1。甘肃省幼、中龄林面积比重较大, 占全省的62.28%, 根据碳密度随林龄的动态变化特征, 预测这些低龄林将发挥巨大的碳汇潜力。

关键词: 碳密度, 碳储量, 固碳速率, 森林生态系统, 甘肃省

Abstract:

Aims
Carbon sequestration is the basic function and most primary service of forest ecosystems, and plays a vital role in mitigating the global climate change. However, carbon storage and allocation in forest ecosystems have been less studied at regional scales than at forest stand levels, and the results are subject to uncertainty due to inconsistent methodologies. In this study we aim to obtain relatively accurate estimates of forest carbon stocks and sequestration rate at a provincial scale (regional) based on plot surveys of plants and soils.
Methods
In consideration of the areas and distributions of major forest types, 212 sampling plots, covering different age classes and origins (natural forests vs. planted forests), were surveyed in Gansu Province in northern China. Field investigations were conducted for vegetation layers (trees, shrubs, herbs and litter), soil profiles, and sampling of both plant materials and soils for laboratory analyses. Regional carbon stocks were calculated by up-scaling the carbon densities of all forest types with their corresponding areas. Carbon sequestration rate was estimated by referencing the reports of national forest inventory data for different periods.
Important findings Forest carbon stocks at the provincial scale were estimated at 612.43 Tg C, including 179.04 Tg C in biomass and 433.39 Tg C in soil organic materials. Specifically, natural forests stored 501.42 Tg C, approximately 4.52 times than that of the plantations. Biomass carbon density in both natural forests and plantations showed an increasing trend with stand age classes, and was greater in natural forests than in plantations within the same age classes. Soil carbon density also increased with stand age classes in natural forests, but the highest value occurred at the pre-mature stage in plantations. The weighted average of regional biomass carbon density was at 72.43 Mg C·hm-2, with the average value of 90.52 Mg C·hm-2 in natural forests and 33.79 Mg C·hm-2 in plantations, respectively. In 1996, vegetation stored 132.47 Tg C in natural forests and 12.81 Tg C in plantations, respectively, and the values increased to 152.41 and 26.63 Tg C in 2011, with the mean carbon sequestration rates of 1.33 and 0.92 Tg C·a-1. Given that young and middle-aged forests account for a large proportion (62.28%) of the total forest areas, the region is expected to have substantial potential of carbon sequestration.

Key words: carbon density, carbon storage, carbon sequestration rate, forest ecosystem, Gansu Province