植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 404-419.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0013
所属专题： 光合作用
武洪敏1,2, 双升普1,2, 张金燕1,2, 寸竹1,2, 孟珍贵1,2, 李龙根1,2, 沙本才1, 陈军文1,2,*(
)
收稿日期:2021-01-12
接受日期:2021-03-14
出版日期:2021-04-20
发布日期:2021-04-14
通讯作者:
* 陈军文cjw31412@163.com
作者简介:ORCID: *武洪敏: 0000-0003-3927-6154
基金资助:
WU Hong-Min1,2, SHUANG Sheng-Pu1,2, ZHANG Jin-Yan1,2, CUN Zhu1,2, MENG Zhen-Gui1,2, LI Long-Gen1,2, SHA Ben-Cai1, CHEN Jun-Wen1,2,*()
Received:2021-01-12
Accepted:2021-03-14
Online:2021-04-20
Published:2021-04-14
Contact:
CHEN Jun-Wen
Supported by:摘要：
阴生植物突然暴露在强光下造成光损伤的情况时有发生, 但其对高光敏感的潜在机制尚不十分清楚。为阐明阴生植物无法在自然全光照环境下生存的相关机制, 该研究以典型阴生植物三七(Panax notoginseng)为材料, 将遮阴环境下(10%透光率)生长的植株转移到全日光环境下3天, 研究其相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、光合参数以及叶绿素荧光参数的变化。结果表明, 全光环境下三七光合日变化呈现“双峰”曲线特征, 且净光合速率在处理期间逐日降低。全日光下三七叶片SPAD值、水分利用率和光能利用率显著降低; 叶片光系统I (PSI)反应中心P700最大荧光信号、光系统II (PSII)电子传递速率、暗适应下PSII最大量子效率和光下PSII最大量子效率显著低于遮阴环境下的植株, 且至傍晚不能完全恢复。而参与调节性能量耗散的量子产量、PSI受体侧限制引起的非光化学量子产量、环式电子流则显著高于遮阴环境下的三七。此外, 生长环境光照强度骤增导致荧光诱导动力学曲线发生明显变化, 并显著升高了PSII供体侧和受体侧的荧光产量。当阴生植物三七突然暴露于全光环境下时, 强烈的光照会导致PSII供体侧的放氧复合体活性受损, 抑制受体侧的电子传递, 过度还原PSI的受体侧进而引发PSI光抑制。该研究结果揭示, 全日光导致的PSII不可逆损伤和PSI光抑制可能是典型阴生植物三七为什么不能在全日照光环境下存活的重要原因。
武洪敏, 双升普, 张金燕, 寸竹, 孟珍贵, 李龙根, 沙本才, 陈军文. 短期生长环境光强骤增导致典型阴生植物三七光系统受损的机制. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(4): 404-419. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0013
WU Hong-Min, SHUANG Sheng-Pu, ZHANG Jin-Yan, CUN Zhu, MENG Zhen-Gui, LI Long-Gen, SHA Ben-Cai, CHEN Jun-Wen. Photodamage to photosystem in a typically shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng exposed to a sudden increase in light intensity. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(4): 404-419. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0013
图1 遮阴和全日光下的光合有效辐射(PAR)日变化。
Fig. 1 Diurnal pattern of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in shade treatment and full sunlight treatment.
图2 湿度(A)、大气温度(B)和大气CO2浓度(C)在遮阴和全日光下的日变化特征。
Fig. 2 Diurnal pattern of humidity (A), air temperature (B) and atmospheric CO2 concentration (C) in shade treatment and full sunlight treatment.
图3 遮阴和全日光下相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)的日变化(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。*, 同一测量时间的两处理间差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 3 Diurnal pattern of relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) in shade treatment and full sunlight treatment (mean ± SE, n = 7). *, significant difference between the two treatments at same measurement time ( p< 0.05).
图4 遮阴和全日光下净光合速率(A)、胞间CO2浓度(B)和气孔导度(C)的日变化特征(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。*, 同一测量时间的两处理间气体交换参数差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 4 Diurnal pattern of net photosynthetic rate (A), intercellular CO2 concentration (B) and stomatal conductance (C) in shade treatment and full sunlight treatment (mean ± SE, n = 7). *, significant difference in gas exchange parameters between the two treatments at same measurement time ( p< 0.05).
图5 遮阴和全日光下三七的水分利用率(A)和光能利用率(B)日均值(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 5 Water use efficiency (A) and light use efficiency (B) of Panax notoginseng exposed to shade and full sunlight conditions on the first, second and third day of the experiment, respectively (mean ± SE, n = 7). Different lowercase letters between shade and full sunlight conditions indicate significant difference (p< 0.05).
图6 遮阴与全日光下三七的光适应下最大量子效率(A)、暗适应下最大量子效率(B)和PSII的非光化学猝灭系数(C)的日变化曲线(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。*, 同一测量时间的两处理间叶绿素荧光参数差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 6 Diurnal pattern of maximum quantum efficiency under light adaptation (A), maximum quantum efficiency under dark adaptation (B) and non-photochemical quenching of PSII (C) in shade treatment and full sunlight treatment (mean ± SE, n = 7). *, significant difference between the two treatments at same measurement time ( p< 0.05).
图7 遮阴与全日光下三七的暗适应下的最大量子效率(A)、PSII反应中心的潜在活性(B)和P700反应中心的最大荧光信号(C) (平均值±标准误,n = 7)。*, 同一测量日的两处理间PSII和PSI活性差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 7 The maximum quantum efficiency under dark adaptation (A), potential activity of PSII reaction center (B) and the maximum fluorescence signal of the P700 reaction center (C) of Panax notoginseng exposed to shade and full sunlight conditions on the first, second and third day of the experiment, respectively (mean ± SE, n = 7). *, significant difference between the two treatments at same measurement day ( p< 0.05).
图8 遮阴转入全日光后叶片快速荧光诱导动力学曲线WO-J和ΔWO-J的变化(时间坐标为线性形式)。W,K点(100 μs)处的特征位点。day 0、Sunlight-day 1、Sunlight-day 2和Sunlight-day 3分别表示转入全日光前和转入全日光后1、2、3天。不同字母表示差异显著( p< 0.05)。
Fig. 8 Changes in rapid fluorescence induction kinetic curves (WO-J and Δ WO-J) in leaves of Panax notoginseng transferred from a shade environment with 10% transmittance to full sunlight. The abscissa is plotted on a linear time scale. W,the characteristic point at 100 μs (K point). Day 0, Sunlight-day 1, Sunlight-day 2, Sunlight-day 3 represent the exposure to low light, and the transfer to full sunlight for one, two and three days. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences ( p< 0.05).
图9 10%透光率下生长的三七转入全日光后OJIP曲线相关参数的变化(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。不同字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 9 Daily pattern of parameters related to the rapid fluorescence induction kinetic curve in leaves of Panax notoginsengtransferred from a shade environment with 10% transmittance to full sunlight (mean ± SE, n = 7). Different letters indicate significant difference between shade and full sunlight conditions (p< 0.05).
图10 遮阴与全日光叶片对电子传递和光系统能量分配的影响(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。LL, 低光强(230 μmol·m -2·s-1, 13:00), HL, 高光强(2 300 μmol·m -2·s-1, 13:00)。Y(I), PSI光化学量子产量; Y(ND), PSI供体侧限制引起的热耗散量子产量; Y(NA), PSI受体侧限制引起的非光化学量子产量; Y(II), PSII光化学量子产量;Y(NPQ), PSII参与热耗散的量子产量; Y(NO), PSII参与调节性能量耗散的量子产量。ETR(I), 通过PSI的电子传递速率;ETR(II), 通过PSII的电子传递速率; CEF,PSI周围的环式电子流。*, 同一测量日的两处理间差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 10 Effect of shade and full sunlight treatment on electron transfer and photosystem energy partitioning (mean ± SE, n = 7). LL, 10% transmittance-grown Panax notoginseng (230 μmol·m -2·s-1, 13:00); HL, full sunlight-grown Panax notoginseng (2 300 μmol·m -2·s-1, 13:00). Y(I), effective quantum yield of PSI; Y(ND), heat dissipation efficiency at the donors quantum yield of PSI; Y(NA), quantum yield of PSI non-photochemical energy dissipation due to acceptor; Y(II), effective quantum yield of PSII; Y(NPQ), quantum yield of energy dissipation in PSII; Y(NO), fraction of energy passively dissipated in forms of heat and fluorescence. ETR(I), electron transport rate of PSI; ETR(II), electron transport rate of PSII;CEF, cyclic electron flow around PSI. *, significant difference between the two treatments at same measurement day ( p< 0.05).
图11 遮阴与全日光下叶片电子传递比值的变化(平均值±标准误,n = 7)。ETR(I), 通过PSI的电子传递速率;ETR(II), 通过PSII的电子传递速率; CEF,PSI周围的环式电子流。*, 表示两处理间差异显著(p< 0.05)。
Fig. 11 Changes in electron transfer ratio in leaves of Panax notoginseng exposed to shade and full sunlight conditions on the first, second and third day of the experiment, respectively (mean ± SE, n = 7). ETR(I), electron transport rate of PSI; ETR(II), electron transport rate of PSII;CEF, cyclic electron flow around PSI. *, significant difference between the two treatments ( p< 0.05).
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