不同区域针叶年龄对红松叶性状及相关关系的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0352

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 253-264.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0352

所属专题：植物功能性状

不同区域针叶年龄对红松叶性状及相关关系的影响

张自琰¹^,², 金光泽¹^,², 刘志理¹^,²^,^*()

¹东北林业大学生态研究中心, 哈尔滨 150040
²东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040

收稿日期:2020-10-26 接受日期:2021-01-29 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-05-17
通讯作者: 刘志理
作者简介:* (liuzl2093@126.com)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31971636);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY202300);中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2018QNRC001)

Effects of needle age on leaf traits and their correlations of Pinus koraiensis across different regions

ZHANG Zi-Yan¹^,², JIN Guang-Ze¹^,², LIU Zhi-Li¹^,²^,^*()

¹Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
²and Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management— Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Received:2020-10-26 Accepted:2021-01-29 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-05-17
Contact: LIU Zhi-Li
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971636);Special Foundation for National Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation of China(2019FY202300);Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2018QNRC001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

叶龄是植株个体发育过程中性状变异的重要影响因素, 不同叶龄下的性状变异可以体现植物针对环境变化做出的响应。该研究以东北地区4个不同区域阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林中的成年红松为研究对象, 测定了4个区域红松的叶寿命和不同针叶年龄叶片的比叶面积(SLA)、叶片干物质含量(LDMC)、针叶密度(ND)以及针叶体积(NV), 探讨了红松叶形态性状间的相关性, 并检验了纬度和针叶年龄对这些相关关系的影响。结果显示: (1)不同纬度下红松叶寿命存在显著差异, 随纬度增加呈单峰模式。(2)针叶年龄在性状变异解释中占比最大(34.2%-80.1%), 对4个叶形态性状均存在显著影响。SLA、LDMC和ND在当年生叶片中均表现了比所有龄级下更大的可塑性, 仅NV在所有龄级下的可塑性大于当年生叶片。(3) 4个性状间的二元相关性显著, 且在不同纬度下多有体现, 但性状间的回归斜率随纬度变化趋势存在差异。(4)不同针叶年龄性状间的相关关系依然显著但变异规律不同, 如SLA与ND的回归斜率随针叶年龄增加而减小, ND与NV则相反。研究结果表明红松叶形态性状的变异和性状间的相关关系受纬度和针叶年龄的显著影响, 性状协同应对不同纬度梯度导致的环境变化以及不同针叶年龄下叶片的资源利用策略存在差异。

关键词: 红松, 针叶年龄, 纬度, 比叶面积, 可塑性

Abstract:

Aims Leaf age is an important factor affecting trait variation during ontogenetic development of plants. The variation of traits across a gradient of leaf ages can reflect the response of plants to environmental changes. Our aim was to investigate the variation of needle morphological traits of Pinus koraiensis at different needle ages and the influence of latitude and needle age on the correlation of morphological traits.
Methods In this study, adult Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) of four mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forests in northeast China was selected as the research object. We measured the leaf lifespan, as well as specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), needle density (ND) and needle volume (NV) of needles at different ages. The correlation between morphological traits of pine leaves was discussed and the effects of latitude and needle age on these correlations were examined.
Important findings (1) Leaf lifespan of P. koraiensis significantly varied with latitudes, and showed a unimodal pattern with increasing latitude. (2) Needle age accounted for the largest proportion (34.2%-80.1%) in trait variations, and had a significant influence on all the four leaf morphological traits. SLA, LDMC and ND of the current year leaves showed higher plasticity than other age classes, while NVshowed high plasticity at all age classes. (3) Most of these trait-trait correlations were significant at different latitudes, while the patterns of slopes of the regression lines among traits did vary across the latitudinal gradient. (4) The correlations among traits within different needle ages classes were all significant, but showing different patterns across needle ages. For example, the regression slope of SLA and NDdecreased with the increase of needle age, while the regression slope of ND and NV was opposite. The results showed that the variation and correlation of morphological traits were significantly influenced by latitude and needle age, the collaboration among these traits responded to the environmental changes at different latitudes, and the resource utilization strategies of needles were different in different ages.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis, needle age, latitude, specific leaf area, plasticity

张自琰, 金光泽, 刘志理. 不同区域针叶年龄对红松叶性状及相关关系的影响. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(3): 253-264. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0352

ZHANG Zi-Yan, JIN Guang-Ze, LIU Zhi-Li. Effects of needle age on leaf traits and their correlations of Pinus koraiensis across different regions. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(3): 253-264. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0352

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0352

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I3/253

图/表 8

表1 样地概况

Table 1 Details of the sample sites

地点 Sites	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	海拔 Elevation (m)	年平均气温 MAT (℃)	年降水量 MAP (mm)
长白山 Changbai Mountain	42.38°	128.08°	852	3.6	700.0
穆棱 Muling	43.48°	130.24°	611	2.8	513.5
丰林 Fenglin	48.06°	129.12°	351	-0.5	640.5
胜山 Shengshan	49.30°	126.48°	510	-2.0	519.9

图1 不同区域样点间红松叶寿命的比较。CBS, 长白山; ML, 穆棱; FL, 丰林; SS, 胜山。不同小写字母表示不同样点间叶寿命存在显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Comparison of leaf lifespan of Pinus koraiensis among sites across different regions. CBS, Changbai Mountain; ML, Muling; FL, Fenglin; SS, Shengshan. Different lowercase letters indicate that there were significant differences in leaf lifespan among sites (p < 0.05).

图2 红松叶性状变异的方差分解。LDMC, 叶干物质含量; ND, 针叶密度; NV, 针叶体积; SLA, 比叶面积。

Fig. 2 Variance decomposition of leaf trait variation of Pinus koraiensis. LDMC, leaf dry matter content; ND, needle density; NV, needle volume; SLA, specific leaf area.

图3 红松叶形态性状随针叶年龄的变化及其可塑性(平均值±标准差)。LDMC, 叶干物质含量; ND, 针叶密度; NV, 针叶体积; SLA, 比叶面积。不同小写字母表示性状在不同针叶年龄间有显著差异(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Variation and plasticity of leaf morphological traits of Pinus koraiensis along the gradient of needle ages (mean ± SD). LDMC, leaf dry matter content; ND, needle density; NV, needle volume; SLA, specific leaf area. Different lowercase letters indicate that the traits were significantly different at different needle ages (p < 0.05).

表2 不同区域红松叶形态性状的当年生值和所有龄级平均值(标准差)的差异

Table 2 Differences in leaf morphological traits of Pinus koraiensis across different regions between the mean values of the current year and those of overall age classes (SD)

样点 Site	龄级 Age classes	比叶面积 SLA (cm²·g^-1)	叶干物质含量 LDMC (g·g^-1)	针叶密度 ND (g·cm^-3)	针叶体积 NV (cm³)
长白山 Changbai Mountain	当年生 Current year	105.6 (8.06)^Ab	0.29 (0.01)^Bc	0.32 (0.03)^Ba	0.05 (0.01)^Ac
长白山 Changbai Mountain	所有龄级 Overall age	89.7 (4.29)^Ba	0.36 (0.00)^Ac	0.37 (0.02)^Aa	0.04 (0.00)^Bd
穆棱 Muling	当年生 Current year	88.0 (7.37)^Ac	0.34 (0.02)^Ba	0.29 (0.01)^Bb	0.10 (0.02)^Aa
穆棱 Muling	所有龄级 Overall age	72.3 (5.24)^Bc	0.40 (0.00)^Aa	0.36 (0.03)^Aab	0.11 (0.02)^Aa
丰林 Fenglin	当年生 Current year	113.7 (9.06)^Aa	0.34 (0.02)^Bc	0.26 (0.01)^Bc	0.07 (0.01)^Bb
丰林 Fenglin	所有龄级 Overall age	85.3 (8.17)^Ba	0.38 (0.01)^Ab	0.34 (0.02)^Ab	0.08 (0.01)^Ab
胜山 Shengshan	当年生 Current year	104.2 (7.26)^Ab	0.31 (0.01)^Bb	0.32 (0.03)^Ba	0.07 (0.01)^Ab
胜山 Shengshan	所有龄级 Overall age	78.1 (5.27)^Bb	0.37 (0.02)^Abc	0.36 (0.03)^Aab	0.06 (0.01)^Bc
可塑性 Plasticity (%)	当年生 Current year	22.6	16.4	19.4	51.5
可塑性 Plasticity (%)	所有龄级 Overall age	19.4	9.5	8.9	64.5

图4 纬度对红松叶形态性状相关关系的影响。不同小写字母代表不同样点斜率之间有显著差异, 且实线代表回归显著, 显著性水平均为0.05。CBS, 长白山; FL, 丰林; ML, 穆棱; SS, 胜山。LDMC, 叶干物质含量; ND, 针叶密度; NV, 针叶体积; SLA, 比叶面积。

Fig. 4 Effects of latitude on correlations between leaf morphological traits of Pinus koraiensis. Different lowercase letters indicate that there were significant differences between the slopes of different sites, and the solid lines indicate that the regressions were significant (p < 0.05). CBS, Changbai Mountain; FL, Fenglin; ML, Muling; SS, Shengshan. LDMC, leaf dry matter content; ND, needle density; NV, needle volume; SLA, specific leaf area.

图5 针叶年龄对红松叶形态性状相关关系的影响。不同小写字母表示不同针叶年龄斜率之间有显著差异, 且实线代表回归显著, 显著性水平均为0.05。LDMC, 叶干物质含量; ND, 针叶密度; NV, 针叶体积; SLA, 比叶面积。

Fig. 5 Effects of needle age on correlations between leaf morphological traits of Pinus koraiensis. Different lowercase letters indicate that there were significant differences between the slopes of different needle ages. The solid lines indicate that the regressions were significant (p < 0.05). LDMC, leaf dry matter content; ND, needle density; NV, needle volume; SLA, specific leaf area.

表3 红松叶性状间的相关关系

Table 3 Correlation among leaf traits of Pinus koraiensis (**, p < 0.01)

叶性状 Leaf trait	lg SLA	lg LDMC	lg ND
lgLDMC	-0.84^**
lg ND	-0.76^**	0.69^**
lg NV	-0.45^**	0.43^**	-0.14^**

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不同区域针叶年龄对红松叶性状及相关关系的影响

Effects of needle age on leaf traits and their correlations of Pinus koraiensis across different regions

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