红砂幼苗对光周期和光质配比的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0089

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为更好地理解红砂幼苗生长和发育的调控机制, 为荒漠植物的培育与恢复提供一定的参考, 该研究以一年生红砂(Reaumuria songarica)幼苗为材料, 使用LED灯作为光源, 设置了3种光周期和6种光质配比进行交叉培养。通过测定红砂幼苗的株高、分枝数、生物量以及光合色素含量来评估其生长情况, 探究光周期和光质配比对其生长的影响。结果表明: 适当的光周期和光质配比对红砂幼苗的生长和发育具有重要作用。增加光照时间可以促进红砂生长。在红蓝光比为3:1光质配比下, 日光照时间14、16 h相较于12 h, 株高增长率分别增加了20.20%和88.47%。在红蓝光比为1:3光质配比下, 日光照时间为14、16 h, 一级枝的数量比光照12 h分别增加了6.67%和66.67%, 地下生物量分别增加了259.85%和551.82%。高比例红光和高比例蓝光处理会促进红砂幼苗生长, 但株高增长率和一级分枝数的变化趋势相反。在红蓝光比为4:1的光质配比下, 株高增长率随光周期呈增加趋势, 而一级分枝数则呈下降趋势; 而在红蓝光比为1:4的光质配比下, 株高增长率和一级分枝数量的变化趋势则相反。综合应用主成分分析法和隶属函数法, 显示12 h光周期、红蓝光比例为4:1和12 h光周期、红蓝光比例为1:4处理下红砂幼苗的生长状况较好。

关键词: 红砂, 幼苗, 红光, 蓝光, 形态指标, 光周期, 光质配比

Abstract:

Aims The aim of this study was to better understand the regulatory mechanism of growth and development of Reaumuria songorica seedlings, and to provide some references for the cultivation and restoration of desert plants.

Methods This study uses one-year-old seedlings of R. songorica as materials to investigate the effects of photoperiods and light quality ratios on their growth. LED lights were used as the light source, and three photoperiods and six light quality ratios were set up for cross-cultivation. The plant height, branch number, biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of the R. songorica seedlings were measured to evaluate their growth, and the effects of photoperiod and light quality ratio on their growth were investigated.

Important findings The appropriate photoperiod and light quality ratio played an important role in the growth and development of R. songorica seedlings. Increasing the light duration can promote the growth of R. songorica. When the ratio of red- to blue-light was 3:1, the growth rate of plant height increased by 20.20% and 88.47% for 14 and 16 h daily light duration, respectively, in comparison with 12 h. When the ratio of red- to blue-light was 1:3 and the daily light duration was 14 and 16 h, the number of primary branches increased by 6.67% and 66.67%, and the underground biomass increased by 259.85% and 551.82%, respectively, in comparison with 12 h. High proportion of red-light and high proportion of blue-light treatment can promote the growth of R. songoricaseedlings, but the growth rate of plant height and the change trend of primary branch number is opposite. Under the light quality ratio of red- to blue-light was 4:1, the growth rate of plant height increased with photoperiod, while the number of primary branches decreased. However, under the light quality ratio of red- to blue-light was 1:4, the growth rate of plant height and the number of primary branches were opposite. Through the comprehensive application of principal component analysis and membership function analysis, the results show that the growth condition of R. songorica seedlings is better under treatments T2 (12-hour light, red-blue light ratio of 4:1) and T5 (12-hour light, red-blue light ratio of 1:4).

Key words: Reaumuria songorica, seedlings, red light, blue light, morphological index, photoperiod, light quality ratio

上官瑶瑶, 苏世平, 顾雪丹, 张正中, 赵祜, 李毅, 魏星宇. 红砂幼苗对光周期和光质配比的响应. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(5): 788-800. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0089

SHANGGUAN Yao-Yao, SU Shi-Ping, GU Xue-Dan, ZHANG Zheng-Zhong, ZHAO Hu, LI Yi, WEI Xing-Yu. Response of Reaumuria songorica seedlings to photoperiod and light quality ratio. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(5): 788-800. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0089

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0089

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I5/788

图/表 9

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处理 Treatment	光周期 Photoperiod (h·d^-1)	光质配比 Light quality ratio	叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量 Carotenoid content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a+b含量 Chlorophyll a+b content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b
T1	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	W	1.325 ± 0.036^Bb	0.364 ± 0.012^Aa	0.316 ± 0.007^Cb	1.690 ± 0.048^ABab	3.644 ± 0.031^Ca
T2	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 4:1	1.425 ± 0.019^Bb	0.592 ± 0.052^ABb	0.285 ± 0.030^BCa	2.017 ± 0.033^Bb	2.453 ± 0.263^ABa
T3	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 3:1	0.997 ± 0.023^Aa	0.381 ± 0.009^Aa	0.218 ± 0.005^Aa	1.378 ± 0.032^Aa	2.618 ± 0.003^ABab
T4	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 1:3	1.309 ± 0.027^Bb	0.453 ± 0.011^Aa	0.282 ± 0.006^ABa	1.762 ± 0.039^ABb	2.896 ± 0.015^B
T5	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 1:4	1.387 ± 0.074^Bb	0.595 ± 0.136^ABa	0.249 ± 0.022^ABa	1.982 ± 0.209^Bb	2.500 ± 0.367^AB
T6	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	W	1.020 ± 0.058^Aa	0.489 ± 0.172^Aa	0.159 ± 0.072^Aa	1.508 ± 0.115^ABa	2.634 ± 0.783^Aa
T7	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 4:1	1.409 ± 0.015^Cb	0.467 ± 0.008^Aab	0.279 ± 0.024^ABa	1.876 ± 0.022^Eb	3.019 ± 0.025^Ac
T8	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 3:1	1.356 ± 0.006^Cc	0.495 ± 0.011^Ab	0.288 ± 0.003^Bb	1.852 ± 0.004^DEc	2.741 ± 0.069^Ab
T9	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 1:3	1.194 ± 0.031^Bab	0.442 ± 0.032^Aa	0.246 ± 0.020^ABa	1.636 ± 0.027^BCab	2.734 ± 0.233^Aa
T10	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 1:4	1.057 ± 0.017^Aa	0.342 ± 0.009^Aa	0.244 ± 0.005^ABa	1.399 ± 0.009^Aa	3.094 ± 0.128^Aa
T11	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	W	1.419 ± 0.047^Cb	0.464 ± 0.017^ABa	0.294 ± 0.016^Bab	1.883 ± 0.065^Bb	3.055 ± 0.012^Ca
T12	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 4:1	1.180 ± 0.088^ABa	0.42 ± 0.0370^ABa	0.253 ± 0.021^ABa	1.605 ± 0.125^Aa	2.782 ± 0.038^BCab
T13	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 3:1	1.101 ± 0.042^Ab	0.491 ± 0.020^Bb	0.211 ± 0.022^Aa	1.592 ± 0.022^Ab	2.260 ± 0.182^Aa
T14	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 1:3	1.154 ± 0.060^ABa	0.402 ± 0.016^Aa	0.257 ± 0.012^ABa	1.556 ± 0.075^Aa	2.866 ± 0.073^BCa
T15	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 1:4	1.322 ± 0.024^BCb	0.431 ± 0.012^ABa	0.285 ± 0.004^Ba	1.753 ± 0.036^ABab	3.068 ± 0.028^Ca

处理 Treatment	光周期 Photoperiod (h·d^-1)	光质配比 Light quality ratio	叶绿素a含量 Chlorophyll a content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素b含量 Chlorophyll b content (mg·g^-1)	类胡萝卜素含量 Carotenoid content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a+b含量 Chlorophyll a+b content (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素a/b Chlorophyll a/b
T1	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	W	1.325 ± 0.036^Bb	0.364 ± 0.012^Aa	0.316 ± 0.007^Cb	1.690 ± 0.048^ABab	3.644 ± 0.031^Ca
T2	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 4:1	1.425 ± 0.019^Bb	0.592 ± 0.052^ABb	0.285 ± 0.030^BCa	2.017 ± 0.033^Bb	2.453 ± 0.263^ABa
T3	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 3:1	0.997 ± 0.023^Aa	0.381 ± 0.009^Aa	0.218 ± 0.005^Aa	1.378 ± 0.032^Aa	2.618 ± 0.003^ABab
T4	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 1:3	1.309 ± 0.027^Bb	0.453 ± 0.011^Aa	0.282 ± 0.006^ABa	1.762 ± 0.039^ABb	2.896 ± 0.015^B
T5	12 h (L)/12 h (D)	R:B = 1:4	1.387 ± 0.074^Bb	0.595 ± 0.136^ABa	0.249 ± 0.022^ABa	1.982 ± 0.209^Bb	2.500 ± 0.367^AB
T6	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	W	1.020 ± 0.058^Aa	0.489 ± 0.172^Aa	0.159 ± 0.072^Aa	1.508 ± 0.115^ABa	2.634 ± 0.783^Aa
T7	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 4:1	1.409 ± 0.015^Cb	0.467 ± 0.008^Aab	0.279 ± 0.024^ABa	1.876 ± 0.022^Eb	3.019 ± 0.025^Ac
T8	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 3:1	1.356 ± 0.006^Cc	0.495 ± 0.011^Ab	0.288 ± 0.003^Bb	1.852 ± 0.004^DEc	2.741 ± 0.069^Ab
T9	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 1:3	1.194 ± 0.031^Bab	0.442 ± 0.032^Aa	0.246 ± 0.020^ABa	1.636 ± 0.027^BCab	2.734 ± 0.233^Aa
T10	14 h (L)/10 h (D)	R:B = 1:4	1.057 ± 0.017^Aa	0.342 ± 0.009^Aa	0.244 ± 0.005^ABa	1.399 ± 0.009^Aa	3.094 ± 0.128^Aa
T11	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	W	1.419 ± 0.047^Cb	0.464 ± 0.017^ABa	0.294 ± 0.016^Bab	1.883 ± 0.065^Bb	3.055 ± 0.012^Ca
T12	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 4:1	1.180 ± 0.088^ABa	0.42 ± 0.0370^ABa	0.253 ± 0.021^ABa	1.605 ± 0.125^Aa	2.782 ± 0.038^BCab
T13	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 3:1	1.101 ± 0.042^Ab	0.491 ± 0.020^Bb	0.211 ± 0.022^Aa	1.592 ± 0.022^Ab	2.260 ± 0.182^Aa
T14	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 1:3	1.154 ± 0.060^ABa	0.402 ± 0.016^Aa	0.257 ± 0.012^ABa	1.556 ± 0.075^Aa	2.866 ± 0.073^BCa
T15	16 h (L)/8 h (D)	R:B = 1:4	1.322 ± 0.024^BCb	0.431 ± 0.012^ABa	0.285 ± 0.004^Ba	1.753 ± 0.036^ABab	3.068 ± 0.028^Ca

指标 Index	主成分载荷系数 Loading coefficient of component					主成分特征向量 Eigenvector component
指标 Index	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5
∆G	0.098	-0.055	-0.115	0.052	0.953	0.045
FirB	0.536	0.334	0.463	0.154	-0.004	0.247	0.220	0.365	0.154	-0.004
SecB	0.072	0.027	0.921	0.014	-0.068	0.033	0.018	0.725	0.014	-0.072
StB	0.184	0.855	-0.028	0.198	0.211	0.085	0.564	-0.022	0.198	0.223
LeB	-0.008	0.595	0.744	-0.006	-0.116	-0.004	0.392	0.586	-0.006	-0.122
AbB	0.105	0.726	0.596	0.048	-0.231	0.048	0.479	0.469	0.048	-0.244
UnB	0.220	0.675	0.258	0.192	-0.295	0.101	0.445	0.203	0.192	-0.311
Chl a	0.752	0.076	0.374	0.487	0.124	0.347	0.050	0.294	0.488	0.131
Chl b	0.894	0.180	-0.052	-0.300	0.056	0.412	0.119	-0.041	-0.301	0.059
Car	0.288	0.102	-0.033	0.921	-0.094	0.133	0.067	-0.026	0.923	-0.099
Chl a+b	0.923	0.103	-0.002	0.332	0.016	0.426	0.068	-0.002	0.333	0.017
Chl a/b	0.067	-0.204	-0.065	-0.882	-0.129	0.031	-0.135	-0.051	-0.884	-0.136
特征值 Eigenvalue						4.701	2.299	1.613	0.995	0.899
方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate (%)						39.176	19.157	13.443	8.294	7.491
累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate (%)						39.176	58.333	71.775	80.070	87.561

指标 Index	主成分载荷系数 Loading coefficient of component					主成分特征向量 Eigenvector component
指标 Index	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5
∆G	0.098	-0.055	-0.115	0.052	0.953	0.045
FirB	0.536	0.334	0.463	0.154	-0.004	0.247	0.220	0.365	0.154	-0.004
SecB	0.072	0.027	0.921	0.014	-0.068	0.033	0.018	0.725	0.014	-0.072
StB	0.184	0.855	-0.028	0.198	0.211	0.085	0.564	-0.022	0.198	0.223
LeB	-0.008	0.595	0.744	-0.006	-0.116	-0.004	0.392	0.586	-0.006	-0.122
AbB	0.105	0.726	0.596	0.048	-0.231	0.048	0.479	0.469	0.048	-0.244
UnB	0.220	0.675	0.258	0.192	-0.295	0.101	0.445	0.203	0.192	-0.311
Chl a	0.752	0.076	0.374	0.487	0.124	0.347	0.050	0.294	0.488	0.131
Chl b	0.894	0.180	-0.052	-0.300	0.056	0.412	0.119	-0.041	-0.301	0.059
Car	0.288	0.102	-0.033	0.921	-0.094	0.133	0.067	-0.026	0.923	-0.099
Chl a+b	0.923	0.103	-0.002	0.332	0.016	0.426	0.068	-0.002	0.333	0.017
Chl a/b	0.067	-0.204	-0.065	-0.882	-0.129	0.031	-0.135	-0.051	-0.884	-0.136
特征值 Eigenvalue						4.701	2.299	1.613	0.995	0.899
方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate (%)						39.176	19.157	13.443	8.294	7.491
累积方差贡献率 Cumulative variance contribution rate (%)						39.176	58.333	71.775	80.070	87.561

处理 Treatment	在各个主成分中的得分 Scores in each principal component					综合得分 Synthesis score	名次 Rank
处理 Treatment	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄	F₅	F	名次 Rank
T1	-0.168	-0.072	-0.451	2.236	0.034	0.054	7
T2	2.590	4.312	2.908	2.261	-1.510	2.634	1
T3	-1.830	0.032	0.163	-1.790	-2.192	-1.144	12
T4	-0.459	-3.079	-2.618	0.112	-0.022	-1.272	13
T5	2.687	1.565	2.817	1.114	0.744	2.146	2
T6	-1.432	-2.596	-1.860	-7.292	-0.640	-2.240	15
T7	0.986	0.529	2.373	1.533	-0.833	0.995	4
T8	0.966	1.279	0.563	1.562	-1.139	0.849	5
T9	-0.675	0.190	-0.083	-0.500	0.219	-0.302	8
T10	-1.233	1.402	3.433	0.045	-0.785	0.219	6
T11	1.260	0.755	-0.113	2.292	2.127	1.111	3
T12	-0.905	-0.567	-1.984	-0.254	1.418	-0.736	11
T13	-0.843	-2.171	-3.161	-2.123	2.786	-1.300	14
T14	-0.695	-0.082	-0.291	0.062	-0.490	-0.409	9
T15	-0.249	-1.496	-1.696	0.740	0.284	-0.604	10