青藏高原不同气候区高寒沙地两种优势植物及其根际土壤的养分特征

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2017.0120

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究青藏高原寒冷沙地上优势植物及其根际土壤的养分对不同气候的响应过程, 选取半干旱和半湿润沙地上的优势植物中国沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis)和沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)为对象, 调查自然条件下青藏高原半干旱和半湿润沙地上两种植物枝叶和根的碳、氮、磷含量, 及其根际0-10 cm和10-20 cm土壤的有机碳、全氮、全磷、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷含量, 并探讨两种优势植物和根际土壤的养分含量的关系及其影响因子。结果表明, 半干旱和半湿润条件下中国沙棘和沙蒿及其根际土壤的养分差异明显。半干旱和半湿润气候条件下两种植物碳、氮、磷的积累差异显著。半湿润条件下, 沙蒿根际土壤中的有机碳、全氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷的含量高于半干旱条件, 而中国沙棘根际土壤养分的结果却相反。不同气候条件下, 沙蒿和沙棘的养分和根际土壤的养分显著相关, 两种植物的养分比差异显著, 沙蒿氮磷比与其根际土壤的氮磷比以及中国沙棘的碳氮比与其根际土壤的碳氮比显著负相关。

关键词: 青藏高原, 植物养分, 土壤养分, 中国沙棘, 沙蒿

Abstract:

Aims This study was conducted to determine the responses of nutrients in plants and rhizospheric soils to climate in alpine-cold desert on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

Methods Tissue samples for two dominant plant species, Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis and Artemisia desertorum, and associated rhizospheric soil samples were collected from sites representing semi-arid and sub-humid climates in the alpine-cold desert on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Measurements were made on the contents of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in roots and shoots, as well as on organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphate, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and available phosphate in rhizospheric soils in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm layer. The relationship between nutrients in plant tissues and rhizospheric soils and the influencing factors were analyzed.

Important findings There were significant differences between the semi-arid and the sub-humid sites in tissue nutrients and rhizospheric soil nutrients for the two specie. Specifically, the contents of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus in plant tissues differed significantly between the semi-arid and the sub-humid sites. Soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and available phosphate for the rhizosphere of A. desertorum were significantly higher on site under sub-humid climate than that under semi-arid climate; whereas the trend was reversed for the rhizosphere of H. rhamnoides subsp. sinensis. We found significant relationships between the tissue nutrients and soil nutrients, and significantly different plant nutrient ratios between the two species. There were negative correlations between tissues and rhizosheric soils in N:P ratio for A. desertorum and C:N ratio for H. rhamnoides subsp. sinensis under different climates.

Key words: Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, vegetal nutrients, soil nutrients, Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis, Artemisia desertorum

苟小林, 周青平, 陈有军, 魏小星, 涂卫国. 青藏高原不同气候区高寒沙地两种优势植物及其根际土壤的养分特征. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(1): 133-142. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0120

GOU Xiao-Lin, ZHOU Qing-Ping, CHEN You-Jun, WEI Xiao-Xing, TU Wei-Guo. Characteristics of nutrients in two dominant plant species and rhizospheric soils in alpine desert of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau under contrasting climates. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2018, 42(1): 133-142. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0120

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2017.0120

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2018/V42/I1/133

图/表 6

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植物或根际土壤类型 Plant or rhizospheric soil	器官或土层 Tissue or soil layer	气候 Climate	碳氮比 C:N (SC:SN)		碳磷比 C:P (SC:SP)		氮磷比 N:P (SN:SP)
植物或根际土壤类型 Plant or rhizospheric soil	器官或土层 Tissue or soil layer	气候 Climate	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum	根 Roots	SA	39.493^b	0.906	199.046^b	5.998	5.039^a	0.037
	根 Roots	SH	87.596^a	1.527	284.528^a	10.402	3.247^b	0.063
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SA	28.666^b	0.531	166.050^b	6.180	5.791^a	0.120
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SH	66.201^a	2.762	289.091^a	19.047	4.366^b	0.175
中国沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis	根 Roots	SA	30.730^b	0.514	344.732^b	23.832	11.213^a	0.634
	根 Roots	SH	38.210^a	0.489	425.255^a	38.610	11.139^a	1.155
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SA	26.596^b	0.755	174.307^a	6.129	6.561^a	0.384
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SH	32.697^a	0.497	178.604^a	7.098	5.461^b	0.137
沙蒿根际土壤 Rhizospheric soil of Artemisia desertorum	0-10 cm	SA	7.950^a	0.752	11.528^b	1.336	1.448^b	0.048
	0-10 cm	SH	8.481^a	0.519	15.761^a	2.008	1.860^a	0.215
	10-20 cm	SA	9.694^a	1.384	16.668^b	3.595	1.709^b	0.180
	10-20 cm	SH	9.233^a	1.247	32.617^a	7.558	3.540^a	0.787
中国沙棘根际土壤 Rhizospheric soil of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis	0-10 cm	SA	16.085^a	0.334	25.857^a	1.315	1.607^a	0.066
	0-10 cm	SH	8.266^b	0.440	9.920^b	0.242	1.202^b	0.061
	10-20 cm	SA	10.999^a	0.486	24.849^a	2.788	2.265^a	0.305
	10-20 cm	SH	9.567^b	0.303	16.118^b	3.423	1.679^a	0.309

植物或根际土壤类型 Plant or rhizospheric soil	器官或土层 Tissue or soil layer	气候 Climate	碳氮比 C:N (SC:SN)		碳磷比 C:P (SC:SP)		氮磷比 N:P (SN:SP)
植物或根际土壤类型 Plant or rhizospheric soil	器官或土层 Tissue or soil layer	气候 Climate	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum	根 Roots	SA	39.493^b	0.906	199.046^b	5.998	5.039^a	0.037
	根 Roots	SH	87.596^a	1.527	284.528^a	10.402	3.247^b	0.063
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SA	28.666^b	0.531	166.050^b	6.180	5.791^a	0.120
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SH	66.201^a	2.762	289.091^a	19.047	4.366^b	0.175
中国沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis	根 Roots	SA	30.730^b	0.514	344.732^b	23.832	11.213^a	0.634
	根 Roots	SH	38.210^a	0.489	425.255^a	38.610	11.139^a	1.155
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SA	26.596^b	0.755	174.307^a	6.129	6.561^a	0.384
	枝叶 Branches and leaves	SH	32.697^a	0.497	178.604^a	7.098	5.461^b	0.137
沙蒿根际土壤 Rhizospheric soil of Artemisia desertorum	0-10 cm	SA	7.950^a	0.752	11.528^b	1.336	1.448^b	0.048
	0-10 cm	SH	8.481^a	0.519	15.761^a	2.008	1.860^a	0.215
	10-20 cm	SA	9.694^a	1.384	16.668^b	3.595	1.709^b	0.180
	10-20 cm	SH	9.233^a	1.247	32.617^a	7.558	3.540^a	0.787
中国沙棘根际土壤 Rhizospheric soil of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis	0-10 cm	SA	16.085^a	0.334	25.857^a	1.315	1.607^a	0.066
	0-10 cm	SH	8.266^b	0.440	9.920^b	0.242	1.202^b	0.061
	10-20 cm	SA	10.999^a	0.486	24.849^a	2.788	2.265^a	0.305
	10-20 cm	SH	9.567^b	0.303	16.118^b	3.423	1.679^a	0.309

土层 Soil layer	养分 Nutrient	沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum						中国沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis
		枝叶 Branches and leaves			根 Roots			枝叶 Branches and leaves			根 Roots
		C	N	P	C	N	P	C	N	P	C	N	P
0-10 cm	SOC	0.96^**	-0.975^**	-0.953^**	0.827^*	-0.976^**	-0.949^**	0.983^***	0.992^***	0.802^ns	-0.972^**	0.986^***	0.765^ns
	STN	0.989^***	-0.985^***	-0.991^***	0.861^*	-0.979^**	-0.986^***	0.979^**	0.968^**	0.799^ns	-0.954^**	0.994^***	0.707^ns
	STP	0.42^ns	-0.348^ns	-0.427^ns	0.596^ns	-0.333^ns	-0.308^ns	-0.415^ns	-0.654^ns	-0.425^ns	0.65^ns	-0.481^ns	-0.293^ns
	SNN	0.915^*	-0.942^**	-0.908^*	0.77^ns	-0.951^**	-0.926^**	0.982^***	0.991^***	0.816^*	-0.967^**	0.985^***	0.768^ns
	SAN	0.997^**	-0.996^***	-0.990^***	0.906^*	-0.993^***	-0.979^**	0.974^**	0.996^***	0.779^ns	-0.98^**	0.978^**	0.752^ns
	SAP	0.906^*	-0.866^*	-0.899^*	0.903^*	-0.848^*	-0.833^*	0.966^**	0.99^***	0.746^ns	-0.974^**	0.968^**	0.712^ns
10-20 cm	SOC	0.945^**	-0.963^**	-0.939^**	0.761^ns	-0.96^**	-0.955^**	0.982^***	0.964^**	0.781^ns	-0.954^**	0.969^**	0.845^*
	STN	0.995^***	-0.996^***	-0.997^***	0.867^*	-0.994^***	-0.994^***	0.982^***	0.958^**	0.813^*	-0.931^**	0.963^**	0.849^*
	STP	0.239^ns	-0.193^ns	-0.192^ns	0.615^ns	-0.185^ns	-0.112^ns	0.576^ns	0.703^ns	0.376^ns	-0.77^ns	0.664^ns	0.253^ns
	SNN	0.993^***	-0.999^***	-0.987^***	0.875^*	-0.997^***	-0.987^***	0.991^***	0.983^***	0.798^ns	-0.97^**	0.995^***	0.761^ns
	SAN	0.994^***	-0.996^***	-0.986^***	0.9^*	-0.995^***	-0.979^**	0.963^**	0.99^***	0.732^ns	-0.98^**	0.961^**	0.738^ns
	SAP	0.986^***	-0.98^**	-0.989^***	0.902^*	-0.977^**	-0.982^**	0.933^**	0.994^***	0.75^ns	-0.993^**	0.956^**	0.714^ns

土层 Soil layer	养分 Nutrient	沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum						中国沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis
		枝叶 Branches and leaves			根 Roots			枝叶 Branches and leaves			根 Roots
		C	N	P	C	N	P	C	N	P	C	N	P
0-10 cm	SOC	0.96^**	-0.975^**	-0.953^**	0.827^*	-0.976^**	-0.949^**	0.983^***	0.992^***	0.802^ns	-0.972^**	0.986^***	0.765^ns
	STN	0.989^***	-0.985^***	-0.991^***	0.861^*	-0.979^**	-0.986^***	0.979^**	0.968^**	0.799^ns	-0.954^**	0.994^***	0.707^ns
	STP	0.42^ns	-0.348^ns	-0.427^ns	0.596^ns	-0.333^ns	-0.308^ns	-0.415^ns	-0.654^ns	-0.425^ns	0.65^ns	-0.481^ns	-0.293^ns
	SNN	0.915^*	-0.942^**	-0.908^*	0.77^ns	-0.951^**	-0.926^**	0.982^***	0.991^***	0.816^*	-0.967^**	0.985^***	0.768^ns
	SAN	0.997^**	-0.996^***	-0.990^***	0.906^*	-0.993^***	-0.979^**	0.974^**	0.996^***	0.779^ns	-0.98^**	0.978^**	0.752^ns
	SAP	0.906^*	-0.866^*	-0.899^*	0.903^*	-0.848^*	-0.833^*	0.966^**	0.99^***	0.746^ns	-0.974^**	0.968^**	0.712^ns
10-20 cm	SOC	0.945^**	-0.963^**	-0.939^**	0.761^ns	-0.96^**	-0.955^**	0.982^***	0.964^**	0.781^ns	-0.954^**	0.969^**	0.845^*
	STN	0.995^***	-0.996^***	-0.997^***	0.867^*	-0.994^***	-0.994^***	0.982^***	0.958^**	0.813^*	-0.931^**	0.963^**	0.849^*
	STP	0.239^ns	-0.193^ns	-0.192^ns	0.615^ns	-0.185^ns	-0.112^ns	0.576^ns	0.703^ns	0.376^ns	-0.77^ns	0.664^ns	0.253^ns
	SNN	0.993^***	-0.999^***	-0.987^***	0.875^*	-0.997^***	-0.987^***	0.991^***	0.983^***	0.798^ns	-0.97^**	0.995^***	0.761^ns
	SAN	0.994^***	-0.996^***	-0.986^***	0.9^*	-0.995^***	-0.979^**	0.963^**	0.99^***	0.732^ns	-0.98^**	0.961^**	0.738^ns
	SAP	0.986^***	-0.98^**	-0.989^***	0.902^*	-0.977^**	-0.982^**	0.933^**	0.994^***	0.75^ns	-0.993^**	0.956^**	0.714^ns

植物 Plant	土层 Soil layer (cm)	养分比 Nutrient ratio	枝叶 Branches and leaves			根 Roots
植物 Plant	土层 Soil layer (cm)	养分比 Nutrient ratio	C:N	C:P	N:P	C:N	C:P	N:P
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum	0-10	SC:SN	0.397^ns	0.332^ns	-0.505^ns	0.422^ns	0.336^ns	-0.482^ns
		SC:SP	0.826^*	0.758^ns	-0.901^*	0.833^*	0.807^ns	-0.842^*
		SN:SP	0.864^*	0.814^*	-0.902^*	0.86^*	0.87^*	-0.843^*
	10-20	SC:SN	-0.218^ns	-0.29^ns	0.114^ns	-0.22^ns	-0.261^ns	0.189^ns
		SC:SP	0.884^*	0.869^*	-0.865^*	0.866^*	0.89^*	-0.843^*
		SN:SP	0.923^**	0.937^*	-0.865^*	0.906^*	0.94^**	-0.873^*
中国沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis	0-10	SC:SN	-0.983^***	-0.358^ns	0.919^*	-0.983^***	-0.85^*	0.015^ns
		SC:SP	-0.993^***	-0.35^ns	0.938^**	-0.981^**	-0.815^*	0.076^ns
		SN:SP	-0.991^***	-0.369^ns	0.933^**	-0.959^**	-0.738^ns	0.183^ns
	10-20	SC:SN	-0.892^*	-0.152^ns	0.895^*	-0.907^*	-0.862^*	-0.118^ns
		SC:SP	-0.8^ns	-0.359^ns	0.709^ns	-0.843^*	-0.909^*	-0.316^ns
		SN:SP	-0.689^ns	-0.373^ns	0.583^ns	-0.731^ns	-0.843^*	-0.374^ns