植物的臭氧污染胁迫效应研究进展

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0150

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近地面空气中的臭氧(O₃)属于二次污染物,是由氮氧化物(NO_x)和挥发性有机物(VOCs)等前体物在一定的环境条件下形成的。近年来,全球受O₃污染的区域增加,污染程度也日趋严重。O₃污染对植物的危害引起了国内外研究人员的广泛关注。众多研究发现,不同植物对O₃的敏感性不同,其大小主要取决于植物自身的特性及环境因素;O₃污染降低植物的净同化作用,减缓植物生长,改变同化物的分配,可对物种间的相互关系以及生态系统结构产生深远影响。该文在综述了国内外研究进展的基础上,提出我国在O₃污染研究领域应深入研究以下几个方面:1)选育具有对O₃污染抗性较强的植物尤其是作物品种;2)深入研究减轻O₃污染对植物危害的栽培管理措施;3)加强研究O₃污染对我国自然生态系统的影响;4)研究植被在治理O₃污染中的积极作用。

关键词: 臭氧, 同化作用, 同化物分配, 全球变化, 污染

Abstract:

Ozone (O₃) is highly beneficial in many ways, such as filtering ultraviolet radiation in the upper atmosphere, but O₃ at ground level is a serious pollutant. High O₃ concentration causes the damage to plants ranging from minimal visible symptoms to substantial inhibition of productivity, and species- or cultivar-specific responses exist. Interactions between plants and herbivorous insect pests or plant pathogens may be affected by O₃. Decreased carbon flow above- and below-ground in high O₃ environment could significantly decrease biodiversity. Therefore, O₃ will affect terrestrial ecosystems substantially. The following aspects are suggested to be further studied in China: 1) the comparison and selection of plant species or cultivars with high O₃ resistance, 2) the possible methods which can alleviate O₃ damage to plants, 3) O₃ effects on the natural ecosystems in China, and 4) the positive function of vegetation in decreasing O₃ pollution.

Key words: ozone, assimilation, photosynthate allocation, global change, pollution

许宏, 杨景成, 陈圣宾, 蒋高明, 李永庚. 植物的臭氧污染胁迫效应研究进展. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(6): 1205-1213. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0150

XU Hong, YANG Jing-Cheng, CHEN Sheng-Bin, JIANG Gao-Ming, LI Yong-Geng. REVIEW OF PLANT RESPONSES TO OZONE POLLUTION. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(6): 1205-1213. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0150

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2007.0150

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I6/1205

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