植物生态学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 849-856.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0081
所属专题: 生态系统碳水能量通量; 土壤呼吸
• • 下一篇
姚辉, 胡雪洋, 朱江玲, 朱剑霄, 吉成均, 方精云*()
收稿日期:
2015-06-03
接受日期:
2015-06-20
出版日期:
2015-09-03
发布日期:
2015-09-23
通讯作者:
方精云
作者简介:
* 共同第一作者 Co-first author
基金资助:
YAO Hui, HU Xue-Yang, ZHU Jiang-Ling, ZHU Jian-Xiao, JI Cheng-Jun, FANG Jing-Yun*()
Received:
2015-06-03
Accepted:
2015-06-20
Online:
2015-09-03
Published:
2015-09-23
Contact:
Jing-Yun FANG
About author:
# Co-first authors
摘要:
土壤呼吸是陆地生态系统最主要的碳释放过程。为了探讨温带森林土壤呼吸在长时间尺度的变化, 利用北京东灵山地区的白桦(Betula platyphylla)林、辽东栎(Quercus wutaishanica)林和油松(Pinus tabuliformis)林3种温带森林永久样地, 于2012-2015年对其土壤呼吸进行测定, 并与1994-1995年的测定结果进行了比较。结果显示: 2012-2015年, 白桦林的平均年土壤呼吸量为(574 ± 21) g C·m-2·a-1, 显著高于辽东栎林(455 ± 31) g C·m-2·a-1和油松林(414 ± 35) g C·m-2·a-1, 比20年前(1994-1995年)的估测值分别增加了85%、17%和73%。这些结果表明, 近20年来这3种生态系统的碳周转速率明显加快。
姚辉, 胡雪洋, 朱江玲, 朱剑霄, 吉成均, 方精云. 北京东灵山3种温带森林土壤呼吸及其20年的变化. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(9): 849-856. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0081
YAO Hui,HU Xue-Yang,ZHU Jiang-Ling,ZHU Jian-Xiao,JI Cheng-Jun,FANG Jing-Yun. Soil respiration and the 20-year change in three temperate forests in Mt. Dongling, Beijing. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(9): 849-856. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0081
图1 北京东灵山3种温带森林土壤呼吸与5 cm土壤温度之间的关系。A, 白桦林。B, 辽东栎林。C, 油松林。
Fig. 1 Relationships between soil respiration and soil temperature at 5 cm depth in three temperate forests on Mt. Dongling, Beijing. A, Betula platyphylla forest. B, Quercus wutaishanica forest. C, Pinus tabuliformis forest.
样地类型 Forest type | 基础呼吸速率 Fundamental soil respiration (R0) | Q10值 Temperature sensitivity |
---|---|---|
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest | 0.51 (0.05)a | 3.69 (0.29)a |
辽东栎林 Quercus wutaishanica forest | 0.29 (0.04)b | 4.13 (0.37)b |
油松林 Pinus tabuliformis forest | 0.20 (0.04)c | 3.97 (0.47)c |
表1 北京东灵山3种温带森林的基础土壤呼吸(R0, μmol·m-2·s-1)和温度敏感性系数(Q10)
Table 1 Fundamental soil respiration (R0, μmol·m-2·s-1) and temperature sensitivity (Q10) in three temperate forests on Mt. Dongling, Beijing
样地类型 Forest type | 基础呼吸速率 Fundamental soil respiration (R0) | Q10值 Temperature sensitivity |
---|---|---|
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest | 0.51 (0.05)a | 3.69 (0.29)a |
辽东栎林 Quercus wutaishanica forest | 0.29 (0.04)b | 4.13 (0.37)b |
油松林 Pinus tabuliformis forest | 0.20 (0.04)c | 3.97 (0.47)c |
图2 北京东灵山3种温带森林拟合(实线)和实测(点)的土壤呼吸随时间的变化。A, 白桦林。B, 辽东栎林。C, 油松林。
Fig. 2 Temporal patterns of model fitted (line) and measured (point) soil respiration in three temperate forests on Mt. Dongling, Beijing. A, Betula platyphylla forest. B, Quercus wutaishanica forest. C, Pinus tabuliformis forest.
图3 北京东灵山3种典型森林的土壤呼吸年通量。a和b表示林分间的差异显著性(α = 0.05)。
Fig. 3 Averaged annual soil respiration flux in three temperate forests on Mt. Dongling, Beijing. a and b denote significant difference among forest types at α = 0.05.
地点 Locality | 经纬度 Location | 主要树种 Dominant species | 年呼吸量1) Annual soil respiration1) | 文献来源 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
温带阔叶林 Temperate broad-leaved forests | ||||
英国肯特郡 Kent, England | 51.33° N, 1.08° E | Castanea sativa | 630a | Anderson, 1973 |
英国肯特郡 Kent, England | 51.33° N, 1.08° E | Fagus sylvatica | 575a | Anderson, 1973 |
德国海德堡 Heidelberg, Germany | 49.33° N, 8.67° E | 水青冈 Fagus spp., 云杉 Picea spp. | 470a | Dörr & Münnich, 1987 |
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.38° N, 121.95° W | Alnus rubra | 565a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA | 45.50° N, 93.17° W | 栎 Quercus spp. | 794b | Reiners, 1968 |
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA | 45.50° N, 93.17° W | 梣 Fraxinus spp. | 707b | Reiners, 1968 |
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA | 45.50° N, 93.17° W | 崖柏 Thuja spp., 桦木 Betula spp. | 739b | Reiners, 1968 |
美国密苏里州 Missouri, USA | 38.80° N, 92.20° W | 栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp. | 1 013b | Garrett & Cox, 1973 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | Lilriodendron tulipifera | 1 065b | Edwards & Harris, 1977 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | Lilriodendron tulipifera | 505b | Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1979 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | 栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp. | 529b | Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1983 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | Quercus prinus | 610b | Johnson & van Hook, 1989 |
美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA | 35.05° N, 83.42° W | 栎 Quercus spp. | 857 b | Johnson & van Hook, 1989 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 1 105c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 779c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena, 栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis | 912c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis | 900c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China | 33.38° N, 108.50° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 771a | Liu et al., 2003 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica | 785c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 山杨 Populus davidiana, 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 813c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 山杨 Populus davidiana, 胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica | 786c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica | 781c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国河北 Heibei, China | 42.50° N, 117.35° E | 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 575d | Wang et al., 2010 |
中国北京 Beijing, China | 39.95° N, 115.42° E | 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 574d | 本研究 This study |
中国北京 Beijing, China | 39.95° N, 115.42° E | 辽东栎 Quercus wutaishanica | 455d | 本研究 This study |
温带针叶林 Temperate coniferous forests | ||||
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.38° N, 121.95° W | 花旗松 Pseudotsuga menziesii | 490a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.38° N, 121.95° W | Tsuga heterophylla | 650a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.32° N, 121.58° W | Abies amabilis | 620a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国南卡罗来纳州 South Carolina, USA | 33.50° N, 81.67° W | 长叶松 Pinus palustris | 509a | Reinke et al., 1981 |
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA | 30° N, 82° W | 湿地松 Pinus elliottii | 1 300b | Ewel et al., 1987a |
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA | 30° N, 82° W | 湿地松 Pinus elliottii | 850b | Ewel et al., 1987b |
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China | 33.38° N, 108.50° E | 油松 Pinus tabuliformis | 609a | Liu et al., 2003 |
中国甘肃 Gansu, China | 38.43° N, 99.90° E | 青海云杉 Picea crassifolia | 584c | Chang et al., 2008 |
中国甘肃 Gansu, China | 38.43° N, 99.90° E | 华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii | 570c | Chang et al., 2008 |
中国甘肃 Gansu, China | 38.43° N, 99.90° E | 祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii | 518c | Chang et al., 2008 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 红松 Pinus koraiensis | 514c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii | 403c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国河北 Heibei, China | 42.50° N, 117.35° E | 欧洲赤松 Pinus sylvestris | 453d | Wang et al., 2010 |
中国河北 Heibei, China | 42.50° N, 117.35° E | 华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii | 435d | Wang et al., 2010 |
中国北京 Beijing, China | 39.95° N, 115.42° E | 油松 Pinus tabuliformis | 414d | 本研究 This study |
表2 温带森林年土壤呼吸量(g C·m-2·a-1)
Table 2 Annual soil respiration of temperate forests (g C·m-2·a-1)
地点 Locality | 经纬度 Location | 主要树种 Dominant species | 年呼吸量1) Annual soil respiration1) | 文献来源 Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
温带阔叶林 Temperate broad-leaved forests | ||||
英国肯特郡 Kent, England | 51.33° N, 1.08° E | Castanea sativa | 630a | Anderson, 1973 |
英国肯特郡 Kent, England | 51.33° N, 1.08° E | Fagus sylvatica | 575a | Anderson, 1973 |
德国海德堡 Heidelberg, Germany | 49.33° N, 8.67° E | 水青冈 Fagus spp., 云杉 Picea spp. | 470a | Dörr & Münnich, 1987 |
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.38° N, 121.95° W | Alnus rubra | 565a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA | 45.50° N, 93.17° W | 栎 Quercus spp. | 794b | Reiners, 1968 |
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA | 45.50° N, 93.17° W | 梣 Fraxinus spp. | 707b | Reiners, 1968 |
美国明尼苏达州 Minnesota, USA | 45.50° N, 93.17° W | 崖柏 Thuja spp., 桦木 Betula spp. | 739b | Reiners, 1968 |
美国密苏里州 Missouri, USA | 38.80° N, 92.20° W | 栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp. | 1 013b | Garrett & Cox, 1973 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | Lilriodendron tulipifera | 1 065b | Edwards & Harris, 1977 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | Lilriodendron tulipifera | 505b | Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1979 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | 栎 Quercus spp., 山核桃 Carya spp. | 529b | Edwards & Ross-Todd, 1983 |
美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 35.97° N, 84.28° W | Quercus prinus | 610b | Johnson & van Hook, 1989 |
美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA | 35.05° N, 83.42° W | 栎 Quercus spp. | 857 b | Johnson & van Hook, 1989 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 1 105c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 779c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena, 栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis | 912c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国河南 Henan, China | 33.47° N, 111.92° E | 栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis | 900c | Chang et al., 2007 |
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China | 33.38° N, 108.50° E | 槲栎 Quercus aliena | 771a | Liu et al., 2003 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica | 785c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 山杨 Populus davidiana, 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 813c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 山杨 Populus davidiana, 胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica | 786c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 水曲柳 Fraxinus mandshurica | 781c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国河北 Heibei, China | 42.50° N, 117.35° E | 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 575d | Wang et al., 2010 |
中国北京 Beijing, China | 39.95° N, 115.42° E | 白桦 Betula platyphylla | 574d | 本研究 This study |
中国北京 Beijing, China | 39.95° N, 115.42° E | 辽东栎 Quercus wutaishanica | 455d | 本研究 This study |
温带针叶林 Temperate coniferous forests | ||||
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.38° N, 121.95° W | 花旗松 Pseudotsuga menziesii | 490a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.38° N, 121.95° W | Tsuga heterophylla | 650a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国华盛顿州 Washington, USA | 47.32° N, 121.58° W | Abies amabilis | 620a | Vogt et al., 1980 |
美国南卡罗来纳州 South Carolina, USA | 33.50° N, 81.67° W | 长叶松 Pinus palustris | 509a | Reinke et al., 1981 |
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA | 30° N, 82° W | 湿地松 Pinus elliottii | 1 300b | Ewel et al., 1987a |
美国佛罗里达州 Florida, USA | 30° N, 82° W | 湿地松 Pinus elliottii | 850b | Ewel et al., 1987b |
中国陕西 Shaanxi, China | 33.38° N, 108.50° E | 油松 Pinus tabuliformis | 609a | Liu et al., 2003 |
中国甘肃 Gansu, China | 38.43° N, 99.90° E | 青海云杉 Picea crassifolia | 584c | Chang et al., 2008 |
中国甘肃 Gansu, China | 38.43° N, 99.90° E | 华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii | 570c | Chang et al., 2008 |
中国甘肃 Gansu, China | 38.43° N, 99.90° E | 祁连圆柏 Sabina przewalskii | 518c | Chang et al., 2008 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 红松 Pinus koraiensis | 514c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国黑龙江 Heilongjiang, China | 45.37° N, 127.53° E | 兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii | 403c | Wang et al., 2006 |
中国河北 Heibei, China | 42.50° N, 117.35° E | 欧洲赤松 Pinus sylvestris | 453d | Wang et al., 2010 |
中国河北 Heibei, China | 42.50° N, 117.35° E | 华北落叶松 Larix principis-rupprechtii | 435d | Wang et al., 2010 |
中国北京 Beijing, China | 39.95° N, 115.42° E | 油松 Pinus tabuliformis | 414d | 本研究 This study |
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