从叶内生物量分配策略的角度理解叶大小的优化

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0094

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

叶大小的变化是许多因素综合作用的结果, 对叶大小优化机制的研究有助于我们更好地理解植物的适应进化和生活史策略。该研究通过对浙江省清凉峰常绿阔叶混交林中的19个常绿阔叶物种和30个落叶阔叶物种叶水平上的相关性状进行分析, 探讨叶内生物量分配策略对叶大小优化的限制性影响。研究结果显示: 无论叶大小用面积还是质量表示, 常绿物种和落叶物种均呈现出叶内生物量分配到支撑结构的比例随着叶大小的增加而增加的规律, 这主要是由叶柄大小与叶片大小之间显著的异速生长关系导致的。这种异速生长关系在常绿物种和落叶物种中普遍存在。然而, 由于常绿物种对叶柄具有较高的机械以及抵抗冰冻栓塞等不利环境的需求, 在某一给定的叶面积下, 常绿物种比落叶物种具有更高的叶柄生物量投资。这些结果表明: 作为整个植株支撑投资的一个重要组成部分, 叶内支撑投资所占的生物量比例对叶大小的优化具有一定的限制性影响。

关键词: 异速生长, 生物量分配, 叶片习性, 叶大小, 支撑投资

Abstract: Aims

The variations in leaf size result from the integrated effects of many factors. Study of the mechanism to reach the optimum leaf size could help us better understand plant adaption and evolution, and plant life history strategies. Here we aim to test the hypothesis that leaf size is affected by the biomass allocation strategy within a leaf.

Methods

The relationships between leaf size and different biomass partitioning patterns within a leaf were studied for 19 evergreen and 30 deciduous broadleaved woody species from Qingliang Mountain, Zhejiang, China. The standardized major axis estimation method was used to examine the scaling relationship between lamina size and petiole size within a leaf. The relationship between leaf size and support investment ratio within a leaf was estimated by the Model Type I regression analysis.

Important findings

Biomass allocation in petiole increased with leaf size similarly in both evergreen and deciduous leaves, which resulted from the significant allometric scaling relationship between petiole mass and lamina mass (and area) with slopes significantly larger than 1.0, independent of leaf habit. However, evergreen species were found to have a greater petiole mass at a given lamina mass or area than deciduous species, which may be due to their higher demand for mechanic support and resistance to freezing-induced embolism in petioles. Results suggest that leaf size could be affected by the fraction of support investment within a leaf.

Key words: allometric scaling, biomass allocation, leaf habit, leaf size, support investments

潘少安, 彭国全, 杨冬梅. 从叶内生物量分配策略的角度理解叶大小的优化. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(10): 971-979. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0094

Shao-An PAN, Guo-Quan PENG, Dong-Mei YANG. Biomass allocation strategies within a leaf: Implication for leaf size optimization. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(10): 971-979. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0094

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0094

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I10/971

图/表 4

表1 清凉峰不同功能组物种的叶功能特征(平均值±标准误差)

Table 1 Leaf functional traits of different functional groups in Qingliang Mountain (mean ± SE)

功能组 Functional group	样本量 No. of samples	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	叶鲜质量 Leaf fresh mass (g)	叶干质量 Leaf dry mass (g)	叶柄/叶片干质量 Petiole/lamina dry mass ratio	叶柄/叶干质量 Petiole/leaf dry mass ratio
落叶 Deciduous	30	31.351 ± 3.634^b	0.430 ± 0.051	0.156 ± 0.019	0.059 ± 0.006	0.055 ± 0.005
常绿 Evergreen	19	19.783 ± 3.526^a	0.443 ± 0.087	0.167 ± 0.024	0.061 ± 0.009	0.056 ± 0.007

图1 叶柄在叶中的生物量分配比例与叶片面积(A)、叶鲜质量(B)和叶干质量(C)的关系。

Fig. 1 Relationships between petiole/leaf dry mass ratio and lamina area (A), leaf fresh mass (B) and leaf dry mass (C).

表2 清凉峰阔叶木本植物叶大小与叶支撑结构的标准化主轴估计回归关系(回归关系均达到极显著水平, p < 0.001)

Table 2 Relationships between leaf size and leaf biomass of supporting organs of woody species in Qingliang Mountain using standardized major axis (SMA) regression. All scaling relationships were highly significant (p < 0.001)

指标(y轴-x轴) Index (y-axis-x-axis)	功能组 Functional group	样本量 No. of samples	决定系数 Coefficient of determination	斜率(95%置信区间) Slope (95% confidence interval)
叶面积-叶柄干质量 Leaf area - petiole dry mass	落叶 Deciduous	30	0.805	0.603 (0.509, 0.715)
叶面积-叶柄干质量 Leaf area - petiole dry mass	常绿 Evergreen	19	0.883	0.617 (0.519, 0.735)
叶片干质量-叶柄干质量 Lamina dry mass - petiole dry mass	落叶 Deciduous	30	0.794	0.615 (0.516, 0.732)
叶片干质量-叶柄干质量 Lamina dry mass - petiole dry mass	常绿 Evergreen	19	0.876	0.659 (0.551, 0.788)

图2 叶柄干质量与叶片面积(A)、叶片干质量(B)之间的关系。

Fig. 2 Cross-species relationships between leaf petiole dry mass and lamina area (A) and lamina dry mass (B).

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