植物生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 60-68.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0273
出版日期:
2016-01-01
发布日期:
2016-01-28
通讯作者:
谷加存
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572015AA21)和国家自然科学基金(31100470)。
WANG Na, ZHANG Yun, QIAN Wen-Li, WANG Zheng-Quan, GU Jia-Cun*
Online:
2016-01-01
Published:
2016-01-28
Contact:
Jia-Cun GU
About author:
# Co-first authors
摘要:
大气CO2浓度升高对植物的影响是目前植物生态学研究中普遍关注的问题。以往的研究主要关注植物地上部分叶解剖结构及生理功能的改变, 而对根解剖结构和生理功能变化以及根与叶变化之间潜在联系的研究较少。该文以三年生红松(Pinus koraiensis)幼苗为研究对象, 通过CO2浓度倍增(从350 µmol·mol-1增加到700 µmol·mol-1)试验, 研究当年生针叶和根尖解剖结构及生理功能的变化。结果表明: (1) CO2浓度倍增处理的红松幼苗, 气孔密度显著降低, 叶肉组织面积、木质部及韧皮部面积明显增加; (2) CO2浓度倍增导致红松幼苗根尖直径增粗, 皮层厚度和层数显著增加, 管胞直径变小; (3)高CO2浓度处理下, 叶气孔导度和蒸腾速率降低, 光合速率和水分利用效率提高, 同时根尖的导水率显著下降, 但管胞的抗栓塞能力显著提高。这些结果显示, 叶和根解剖结构及生理功能在CO2浓度升高条件下具有一致的响应。未来研究中应该同时关注全球气候变化对植物地上和地下器官结构与功能的影响。
王娜, 张韫, 钱文丽, 王政权, 谷加存. CO2浓度倍增对红松幼苗根尖和叶解剖结构及生理功能的影响. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(1): 60-68. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0273
WANG Na, ZHANG Yun, QIAN Wen-Li, WANG Zheng-Quan, GU Jia-Cun. Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on root and needle anatomy and physiological functions in Pinus koraiensis seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(1): 60-68. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0273
CO2浓度 CO2 concentration | p | ||
---|---|---|---|
350 µmol·mol-1 | 700 µmol·mol-1 | ||
气孔密度 Stomatal density (No.·mm-2) | 66.78 ± 1.85 | 56.83 ± 1.61 | < 0.01 |
叶横截面积 Needle cross section area (mm2) | 0.37 ± 0.02 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | < 0.01 |
叶肉组织面积 Mesophyll tissue area (mm2) | 0.26 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | < 0.05 |
叶肉细胞面积 Mesophyll cell area (µm2) | 2 306.63 ± 69.97 | 2 501.67 ± 46.92 | < 0.05 |
木质部面积 Xylem area (µm2) | 3 817.96 ± 101.06 | 4 412.13 ± 126.86 | < 0.01 |
韧皮部面积 Phloem area (µm2) | 4 031.57 ± 152.95 | 5 534.15 ± 275.95 | < 0.01 |
中柱直径 Central cylinder diameter (µm) | 254.14 ± 8.31 | 277.55 ± 6.35 | < 0.05 |
管胞数 Tracheid number (No.) | 47.87 ± 1.85 | 50.60 ± 1.20 | 0.23 |
管胞直径 Tracheid diameter (µm) | 6.53 ± 0.09 | 6.62 ± 0.14 | 0.62 |
管胞密度 Tracheid density (No.·µm-2) | 0.001 ± 0.000 06 | 0.000 8 ± 0.000 05 | < 0.05 |
管胞壁厚度 Tracheid wall thickness (µm) | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | < 0.01 |
表皮和下皮厚度 Epidermis plus hypodermis thickness (µm) | 1.54 ± 0.03 | 1.67 ± 0.04 | < 0.05 |
表1 不同CO2浓度处理对红松幼苗叶解剖结构的影响(平均值±标准误差)
Table 1 Effects of different CO2 concentration treatments on the needle anatomy of Pinus koraiensis seedlings (mean ± SE)
CO2浓度 CO2 concentration | p | ||
---|---|---|---|
350 µmol·mol-1 | 700 µmol·mol-1 | ||
气孔密度 Stomatal density (No.·mm-2) | 66.78 ± 1.85 | 56.83 ± 1.61 | < 0.01 |
叶横截面积 Needle cross section area (mm2) | 0.37 ± 0.02 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | < 0.01 |
叶肉组织面积 Mesophyll tissue area (mm2) | 0.26 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | < 0.05 |
叶肉细胞面积 Mesophyll cell area (µm2) | 2 306.63 ± 69.97 | 2 501.67 ± 46.92 | < 0.05 |
木质部面积 Xylem area (µm2) | 3 817.96 ± 101.06 | 4 412.13 ± 126.86 | < 0.01 |
韧皮部面积 Phloem area (µm2) | 4 031.57 ± 152.95 | 5 534.15 ± 275.95 | < 0.01 |
中柱直径 Central cylinder diameter (µm) | 254.14 ± 8.31 | 277.55 ± 6.35 | < 0.05 |
管胞数 Tracheid number (No.) | 47.87 ± 1.85 | 50.60 ± 1.20 | 0.23 |
管胞直径 Tracheid diameter (µm) | 6.53 ± 0.09 | 6.62 ± 0.14 | 0.62 |
管胞密度 Tracheid density (No.·µm-2) | 0.001 ± 0.000 06 | 0.000 8 ± 0.000 05 | < 0.05 |
管胞壁厚度 Tracheid wall thickness (µm) | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.02 | < 0.01 |
表皮和下皮厚度 Epidermis plus hypodermis thickness (µm) | 1.54 ± 0.03 | 1.67 ± 0.04 | < 0.05 |
图2 不同CO2浓度处理对红松幼苗叶净光合速率(A)、气孔导度(B)、蒸腾速率(C)和水分利用效率(D)的影响(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示不同CO2浓度处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 2 Effects of different CO2 concentration treatments on needle net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (B), transpiration rate (C) and water use efficiency (D) of Pinus koraiensis seedlings (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between two CO2 concentration treatments.
CO2浓度 CO2 concentration | p | ||
---|---|---|---|
350 µmol·mol-1 | 700 µmol·mol-1 | ||
根尖直径 Root tips diameter (µm) | 400.68 ± 10.90 | 453.79 ± 15.94 | < 0.01 |
中柱直径 Stele diameter (µm) | 216.23 ± 7.59 | 228.83 ± 12.13 | 0.38 |
皮层层数 Cortical layer number (No.) | 4.77 ± 0.11 | 5.87 ± 0.12 | < 0.01 |
皮层厚度 Cortical thickness (µm) | 79.39 ± 2.11 | 99.19 ± 2.88 | < 0.01 |
皮层细胞面积 Cortical cell area (µm2) | 464.17 ± 18.06 | 525.72 ± 21.36 | < 0.05 |
管胞数 Tracheid number (No.) | 25.23 ± 0.76 | 24.03 ± 0.81 | 0.28 |
管胞直径 Tracheid diameter (µm) | 12.18 ± 0.21 | 11.41 ± 0.21 | < 0.05 |
管胞密度 Tracheid density (No.·µm -2) | 0.0008 ± 0.00006 | 0.0007 ± 0.00006 | 0.09 |
管胞壁厚度 Tracheid wall thickness (µm) | 0.92 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.03 | < 0.01 |
表2 不同CO2浓度处理对红松幼苗根尖解剖结构的影响(平均值±标准误差)
Table 2 Effects of different CO2 concentration treatments on root tip anatomy of Pinus koraiensis seedlings (mean ± SE)
CO2浓度 CO2 concentration | p | ||
---|---|---|---|
350 µmol·mol-1 | 700 µmol·mol-1 | ||
根尖直径 Root tips diameter (µm) | 400.68 ± 10.90 | 453.79 ± 15.94 | < 0.01 |
中柱直径 Stele diameter (µm) | 216.23 ± 7.59 | 228.83 ± 12.13 | 0.38 |
皮层层数 Cortical layer number (No.) | 4.77 ± 0.11 | 5.87 ± 0.12 | < 0.01 |
皮层厚度 Cortical thickness (µm) | 79.39 ± 2.11 | 99.19 ± 2.88 | < 0.01 |
皮层细胞面积 Cortical cell area (µm2) | 464.17 ± 18.06 | 525.72 ± 21.36 | < 0.05 |
管胞数 Tracheid number (No.) | 25.23 ± 0.76 | 24.03 ± 0.81 | 0.28 |
管胞直径 Tracheid diameter (µm) | 12.18 ± 0.21 | 11.41 ± 0.21 | < 0.05 |
管胞密度 Tracheid density (No.·µm -2) | 0.0008 ± 0.00006 | 0.0007 ± 0.00006 | 0.09 |
管胞壁厚度 Tracheid wall thickness (µm) | 0.92 ± 0.02 | 1.08 ± 0.03 | < 0.01 |
图3 不同CO2浓度处理对红松幼苗叶及根尖理论导水率(A)、平均导水直径(B)、管胞壁双层厚度与平均导水直径的比值的平方(C)的影响(平均值±标准误差)。不同小写字母表示不同CO2浓度处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 3 Effect of different CO2 concentration treatments on theoretical hydraulic conductivity (A), hydraulic mean diameter (B) and the ratio of double wall thickness to hydraulic mean diameter (t/Dh)2 (C) in needles and root tips of Pinus koraiensis seedlings (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between two CO2 concentration treatments.
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