荒漠草地沙漠化对土壤-微生物-胞外酶化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0121

植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 1022-1032.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0121

所属专题：生态化学计量

荒漠草地沙漠化对土壤-微生物-胞外酶化学计量特征的影响

吴秀芝¹,阎欣¹,王波²,刘任涛¹,安慧^1,^*()

1 宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地/西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室, 银川 750021
2 盐池县草原实验站, 宁夏盐池 751506

收稿日期:2018-05-23 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2019-01-30
通讯作者: 安慧 ORCID: 0000-0002-5881-4213
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金(NZ17004);国家自然科学基金(31660168);宁夏回族自治区西部一流学科项目(NXYLXK2017B06)

Effects of desertification on the C:N:P stoichiometry of soil, microbes, and extracellular enzymes in a desert grassland

WU Xiu-Zhi¹,YAN Xin¹,WANG Bo²,LIU Ren-Tao¹,AN Hui^1,^*()

1 Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China / Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
2 Grassland Experiment Station of Yanchi, Yanchi, Ningxia 751506, China

Received:2018-05-23 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2019-01-30
Contact: Hui AN
Supported by:
Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(NZ17004);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31660168);the Project of First-Class Disciplines of Western China of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(NXYLXK2017B06)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨荒漠草地沙漠化对“土壤-微生物-胞外酶”系统生态化学计量的影响机理, 该研究采用空间序列代替时间演替的方法, 研究了宁夏盐池荒漠草地沙漠化过程中土壤、土壤微生物及土壤胞外酶碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)生态化学计量的变异特征。结果表明: (1)随着荒漠草地沙漠化的不断加剧, 土壤C、N、P含量和土壤C:P、N:P均呈降低趋势, 而土壤C:N逐渐增加。(2)荒漠草地沙漠化过程中, 土壤微生物生物量C (MBC):微生物生物量P (MBP)、微生物生物量N (MBN):MBP和土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶(BG):N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)逐渐降低, 而土壤BG:磷酸酶(AP)和NAG:AP基本表现为增加趋势。(3)随着荒漠草地沙漠化程度的加剧, 土壤微生物C利用效率CUE_C:N和CUE_C:P与土壤微生物N利用效率NUE_N:C和土壤微生物P利用效率PUE_P:C的变化趋势相反。(4)荒漠草地土壤、土壤微生物生物量和土壤胞外酶C:N化学计量(C:N, MBC:MBN, BG:NAG)与土壤、土壤微生物生物量和土壤胞外酶N:P化学计量(N:P, MBN:MBP, NAG:AP)显著负相关, 而土壤和胞外酶C:N化学计量(C:N, BG:NAG)与土壤和胞外酶C:P化学计量(C:P, BG:AP)显著正相关。土壤N:P与土壤MBN:MBP显著正相关, 而与土壤NAG:AP显著负相关。分析表明, 荒漠草地沙漠化过程中土壤微生物生物量及胞外酶活性随着土壤养分的变化而发生变化; 微生物-胞外酶C:N:P生态化学计量与土壤养分存在协变关系, 为理解荒漠草地土壤-微生物系统C、N、P循环机制提供理论依据。

关键词: 荒漠草地, 沙漠化, 生态酶化学计量, 土壤微生物, 养分利用效率

Abstract:

Aims In order to discuss the underlying mechanism of desertification effect on the ecological stoichiometry of soil, microbes and extracellular enzymes, we studied the changes of soil, soil microbial and extracellular enzyme C:N:P stoichiometry during the desertification process in the desert grassland in Yanchi County, China.
Methods The “space-for-time” method was used.
Important findings The results demonstrated that: (1) Soil C, N, P contents and soil C:P, N:P significantly decreased, but soil C:N gradually increased with increasing desertification. (2) Soil microbial biomass C (MBC):soil microbial biomass P (MBP), soil microbial biomass N (MBN):MBP and soil β-1,4-glucosidase (BG):β-1,4-N- acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) gradually decreased, soil BG:alkaline phosphatase (AP) and NAG:AP basically showed an increasing trend with increasing desertification. (3) Desertification increased the soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE_C:Nand CUE_C:P) gradually, while soil microbial nitrogen use efficiency (NUE_N:C) and soil microbial phosphorus use efficiency (PUE_P:C) basically decreased. (4) Soil, soil microbial and soil extracellular enzyme C:N stoichiometry (C:N, MBC:MBN, BG:NAG) were significantly negatively correlated with the soil, soil microbial and extracellular enzyme N:P stoichiometry (N:P, MBN:MBP, NAG:AP), the soil and extracellular enzymes C:N (C:N, BG:NAG) were significantly positively correlated with the soil and extracellular enzymes C:P (C:P, BG:AP). Soil N:P was significantly positively correlated with the soil MBN:MBP, but was significantly negatively correlated with the soil NAG:AP. The analysis demonstrated that soil microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activity changed with soil nutrient during the desertification process in the desert grassland. The covariation relationship between soil nutrient and C:N:P stoichiometry of microbial-extracellular enzyme provides a theoretical basis for understanding the underlying mechanism of C, N, P cycling in the soil-microbial system in desert grasslands.

Key words: desert grassland, desertification, ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, soil microbes, nutrient use efficiency

吴秀芝, 阎欣, 王波, 刘任涛, 安慧. 荒漠草地沙漠化对土壤-微生物-胞外酶化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(10): 1022-1032. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0121

WU Xiu-Zhi, YAN Xin, WANG Bo, LIU Ren-Tao, AN Hui. Effects of desertification on the C:N:P stoichiometry of soil, microbes, and extracellular enzymes in a desert grassland. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2018, 42(10): 1022-1032. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2018.0121

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0121

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2018/V42/I10/1022

图/表 4

图1 土壤C、N、P含量及其生态化学计量特征(平均值±标准偏差)。FD, 固定沙地; G, 荒漠草地; MD, 流动沙地; SFD, 半固定沙地。不同小写字母表示阶段的差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Characteristics of soil C、N、P content and C:N:P ecological stoichiometry (mean ± SD) at different stages of desertification. FD, fixed dunes; G, grasslands; MD, mobile dunes SFD, semi-fixed dunes. Different lowercase letters indicate significance differences among stages (p < 0.05).

图2 土壤微生物生物量及土壤胞外酶C:N:P生态化学计量特征(平均值±标准偏差)。FD, 固定沙地; G, 荒漠草地; MD, 流动沙地; SFD, 半固定沙地。AP, 磷酸酶; BG, β-葡萄糖苷酶; NAG, N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶。不同小写字母表示阶段的差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 C:N:P ecological stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass and soil extracellular enzymes (mean ± SD) at different stages of desertification. FD, fixed dunes; G, grasslands; MD, mobile dunes SFD, semi-fixed dunes. AP, alkaline phosphatase; BG, β-1,4-glucosidase; NAG, β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase. Different lowercase letters indicate significance differences among stages (p < 0.05).

表1 不同沙化阶段土壤微生物养分利用效率特征(平均值±标准偏差)

Table 1 Characteristics of soil microbial nutrient utilization efficiency at different desertification stages (mean ± SD)

沙化阶段 Desertification stage	CUE_C:N	CUE_C:P	NUE_N:C	PUE_P:C
荒漠草地 Grasslands	0.25 ± 0.06^a	0.84 ± 0.02^a	0.37 ± 0.06^a	0.13 ± 0.03^a
固定沙地 Fixed dunes	0.26 ± 0.05^a	0.85 ± 0.03^a	0.40 ± 0.04^ab	0.08 ± 0.03^a
半固定沙地 Semi-fixed dunes	0.36 ± 0.04^ab	0.85 ± 0.02^a	0.29 ± 0.05^ab	0.10 ± 0.02^ab
流动沙地 Mobile dunes	0.52 ± 0.04^b	0.90 ± 0.01^a	0.23 ± 0.02^b	0.01 ± 0.01^b

表2 土壤-微生物-胞外酶生态化学计量的相关性分析

Table 2 Correlation analysis among soil, microbial and extracellular enzyme ecological stoichiometry

	Soil C:N	Soil C:P	Soil N:P	MBC:MBN	MBC:MBP	MBN:MBP	BG:NAG	BG:AP	NAG:AP
Soil C:N	1	0.760^**	-0.396^*	0.149	-0.118	-0.143	-0.249	-0.194	0.131
Soil C:P		1	0.159	0.100	0.096	0.260	0.230	0.071	-0.207
Soil N:P			1	-0.157	0.435^*	0.573^**	0.543^**	0.217	-0.427^**
MBC:MBN				1	-0.038	-0.604^**	-0.150	-0.185	0.039
MBC:MBP					1	0.570^**	0.198	0.149	-0.224
MBN:MBP						1	0.427^*	0.203	-0.366^*
BG:NAG							1	0.542^**	-0.706^**
BG:AP								1	0.102
NAG:AP									1

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荒漠草地沙漠化对土壤-微生物-胞外酶化学计量特征的影响

Effects of desertification on the C:N:P stoichiometry of soil, microbes, and extracellular enzymes in a desert grassland

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