氮素添加对黄土高原典型草原长芒草氮磷重吸收率及C:N:P化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00801

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解氮素沉降对草地群落的影响, 通过人工氮肥添加模拟试验, 研究了黄土高原天然草地优势植物长芒草(Stipa bungeana)在不同施氮水平下叶片和立枯物碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)元素含量的变化特征, 探讨了N素增加对N、P重吸收率和C : N : P化学计量比的影响及其内在联系。结果表明: 氮素添加显著增加了长芒草叶片的C、N和立枯物的N、P含量, 对叶片P和立枯物C含量无显著影响; 氮素添加显著降低了长芒草的N、P重吸收率, 对照处理的N、P重吸收率最高, 分别为60.35%和71.75%, 并且, 在相同氮素处理条件下P的重吸收率显著大于N重吸收率; 随着氮素添加量的增大, 叶片的C : N降低, N : P和C : P增加, N : P为18.25-29.01。研究表明, 黄土高原天然草地群落主要受P限制, 随氮素沉降增加, P限制进一步加剧; 长芒草较高的N、P重吸收率是保证其在贫瘠的土壤中生存的重要机制。

关键词: 生态化学计量学, 黄土高原, 氮素添加, 养分限制, 养分重吸收率

Abstract:

Aims Our purpose was to study the effects of deposition of nitrogen (N) on plant carbon (C), N, phosphorus (P), N and P nutrient resorption efficiencies, C : N : P stoichiometry and their internal relations on Stipa bungeanaof Loess Plateau natural grassland.

Methods Deposition of N was simulated by N fertilization at four levels. Changes of C, N and P contents were detected, and C : N : P and the N and P nutrient resorption efficiencies were estimated for S. bungeana.

Important findings The C and N contents of leaves and N and P contents of standing litter increased significantly with N addition. However, the P content of leaves and C content of standing litter did not response to N addition. The N and P resorption efficiencies of S.bungeana decreased significantly with N addition. When there was no N addition, N and P resorption efficiencies were highest (60.35% and 71.75%, respectively). Meanwhile, the P resorption efficiency was greater than that of N in same treatment. The C : N ofS. bungeana decreased gradually with N addition, but the N : P and C : P increased with N addition. Values of the N : P were 18.25-29.01. The results showed the Loess Plateau natural grassland was mainly limited by P, and the strength of P limitation was enhanced with N deposition. Higher N and P resorption efficiencies were an important strategy for S. bungeana to survive soil infertility.

Key words: Key words ecological stoichiometry, Loess Plateau, nitrogen addition, nutrient limitation, nutrient resorption efficiency

安卓, 牛得草, 文海燕, 杨益, 张洪荣, 傅华. 氮素添加对黄土高原典型草原长芒草氮磷重吸收率及C:N:P化学计量特征的影响. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(8): 801-807. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00801

AN Zhuo, NIU De-Cao, WEN Hai-Yan, YANG Yi, ZHANG Hong-Rong, FU Hua. Effects of N addition on nutrient resorption efficiency and C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics in Stipa bungeana of steppe grasslands in the Loess Plateau, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(8): 801-807. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00801

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.00801

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2011/V35/I8/801

图/表 5

表1 试验地群落的物种组成及其重要值

Table 1 Species composition and its importance value of community in experimental site

物种 Species	重要值 Importance value
长芒草 Stipa bungeana	0.401
赖草 Leymus secalinus	0.181
阿尔泰狗娃花 Heteropappus altaicus	0.196
米口袋 Gueldenstaedtia verna	0.069
黄花蒿 Artemisia annua	0.073

表2 氮素添加前土壤的养分状况

Table 2 Soil nutrient status before N addition

土层 Soil layer (cm)	有机碳 Organic carbon (%)	全氮 Total nitrogen (%)	全磷 Total phosphorus (%)	全钾 Total potassium (%)	pH
0-10	0.791	0.094	0.066	1.907	8.39
10-20	0.727	0.089	0.066	1.882	8.44
20-40	0.679	0.081	0.068	1.835	8.42

图1 氮素添加对长芒草叶片和立枯物碳、氮(N)、磷含量的影响(平均值±标准误差)。N0、N1、N2和N3指氮素添加量分别为0、4.6、9.2、13.8 g N·m-2·a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。*表示叶片与立枯物间差异显著(p < 0.05。

Fig. 1 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on carbon (C), N and phosphorus (P) contents of leaves and standing litter of Stipa bungeana (mean ± SE). N0, N1, N2 and N3 indicate that nitrogen addition were 0, 4.6, 9.2 and 13.8 g N·m -2·a-1, respectively. Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at p < 0.05. * indicates significant difference between leaves and standing litter at p < 0.05.

图2 氮素添加对长芒草氮、磷重吸收率的影响(平均值±标准误差)。N0、N1、N2和N3指氮素添加量分别为0、4.6、9.2、13.8 g N·m-2·a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。*表示N与P重吸收率间差异显著(p < 0.05。

Fig. 2 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on N, P resorption efficiencies of Stipa bungeana (mean ± SE). N0, N1, N2 and N3 indicate that nitrogen addition were 0, 4.6, 9.2 and 13.8 g N·m -2·a-1, respectively. Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at p < 0.05. * indicate significant difference between N and P resorption efficiencies at p < 0.05.

图3 氮素添加对长芒草叶片C : N、C : P、N : P的影响(平均值±标准误差)。N0、N1、N2和N3指氮素添加量分别为0、4.6、9.2、13.8 g N·m-2·a-1。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Effects of nitrogen (N) addition on C : N, C : P and N : P of Stipa bungeana leaves (mean ± SE). N0, N1, N2 and N3 indicate that nitrogen addition were 0, 4.6, 9.2 and 13.8 g N·m -2·a-1, respectively. Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at p < 0.05.

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