亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶-小枝的异速生长

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物生态学研究的重要内容之一是识别和定量刻画种间生态变异的主要维数,叶大小-小枝大小维(谱)是其中之一,目前的研究相对比较薄弱,两者之间是异速还是等速生长关系仍存在着争论。亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶大小-枝大小维的研究报道很少。该文以我国东部亚热带典型区域福建梅花山常绿阔叶林的68种常绿乔灌木植物为对象,进行了叶-小枝关系及其生态意义的研究。结果表明:1)小枝茎截面积与叶干重、总叶面积和单叶面积之间的SMA斜率分别为1.29、1.23和1.18,呈现异速生长关系,支持叶大小-小枝大小为异速生长的相关研究结论,但SMA斜率低于预期值,其原因及生态意义有待进一步研究;2)小枝总叶面积与单叶面积呈显著正相关,而与叶片数量不相关,反映了小枝总叶面积的增加主要是由单叶面积大小决定的,可能与这一地区湿润气候有关;而单叶面积与枝条长度呈正相关则可能反映了植物对常绿阔叶林内较弱光照环境的适应;3)叶干重同小枝干重、叶面积为等速生长关系,可能反映了植物与动物之间代谢方式的差异。

关键词: 异速生长, 茎截面积, 叶面积, 茎干重, 叶干重

Abstract:

Aims An important aim of plant ecology is to identify and quantify key dimensions of ecological variation among species and to understand the basis for them. The leaf size-twig size spectrum is an important dimension that is under development. Our aims were to determine if there is an invariant allometric scaling relationship between leaf size and twig size in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved woody species and to determine what indicates this relationship.
Methods We investigated leaf and stem traits—including leaf and stem mass, individual leaf area, total leaf area, stem cross-sectional area, leaf number and stem length—at the twig level for 68 evergreen broad-leaved species on Meihuashan Mountain in the subtropical zone of East China. We determined the scaling relationships between leaf traits and stem traits at the twig level.
Important findings Twig cross-sectional area has an invariant allometric scaling relationships with leaf mass (SMA slope 1.29), total leaf area (1.23) and individual leaf area (1.18), all with common slopes being 1-1.5. Leaf mass is isometrically related to stem mass and leaf area. This suggests that there would be different metabolic ways between animal body and plant. Species with larger leaves deployed a greater total leaf area distal to the final branching point than smaller leaved species, with this leaf surface made up of fewer leaves per twig, even though the twigs were longer. This might result from the humid climate and weak light in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest of this region.

Key words: allometry, twig cross-sectional area, leaf area, stem mass, leaf mass

刘志国, 蔡永立, 李恺. 亚热带常绿阔叶林植物叶-小枝的异速生长. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(2): 363-369. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.013

LIU Zhi-Guo, CAI Yong-Li, LI Kai. STUDIES ON THE LEAF SIZE-TWIG SIZE SPECTRUM OF SUBTROPICAL EVERGREEN BOARD-LEAVED WOODY SPECIES. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(2): 363-369. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2008.02.013

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https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2008/V32/I2/363

图/表 4

参考文献 41

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物种 Species	TSL (mm)	TSM (mg)	TLM (mg)	LN	ILA (mm²)	TLA (mm²)
红皮树 Styrax suberifolius	106.7	106.4	636	2.7	3 688	9 729
冬青Ilex purpurea	87.0	52.7	467	8.7	675	5 824
三花冬青I. triflora	44.7	106.2	140	4.3	411	1 778
毛冬青I. pubescens	41.0	8.7	90	4.7	819	3 836
老虎刺Carissa spinarum	115.7	251.6	1 443	5.0	2 444	12 294
小叶乌饭Vaccinium carlesii	91.7	146.3	602	7.0	718	4 811
乌饭树V. bracteatum	76.3	67.6	435	5.3	895	4 693
杜鹃Rhododendron simsii	28.0	55.6	297	10.7	362	3 895
鹿角杜鹃Rh. latoucheae	60.8	98.5	563	3.3	1 100	3 671
刺毛杜鹃Rh. championae	76.0	71.8	658	4.3	3 031	13 793
弯蒴杜鹃Rh. henryi	73.3	133.6	880	4.7	2 283	11 201
薯豆Elacocarpus japonicus	116.7	34.8	81	3.0	598	1 851
虎皮楠Daphniphyllum oldhamii	58.3	63.8	398	7.5	932	6673
檵木 Loropetalum chinense	39.3	13.3	65	5.3	235	1 231
覃树 Altingia chinensis	55.3	146.3	1 733	4.0	5 747	22 990
罗浮锥 Castanopsis fabri	82.3	106.3	923	4.4	1 517	6 371
红锥 C. hystrix	172.0	405.6	2 272	7.0	3 091	20 968
上杭锥 C. lamontii var.shanghangensis	81.3	66.8	838	4.8	1 562	6 922
甜槠 C. eyrei	90.0	77.3	518	5.8	825	4 545
米槠 C. carlesii	75.4	34.9	257	5.5	688	3 735
南岭锥C. fordii	102.2	168.0	947	5.0	2 246	10 913
卷斗青冈 Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma	117.7	140.0	726	4.3	1 909	8 372
梅花山青冈 C. meihuashangensis	119.3	167.0	798	10.5	1 030	10 641
细叶青冈C. myrsinaefolia	171.0	303.5	733	5.3	1 761	8 644
青冈C. glauca	115.3	245.2	1 112	5.6	2 046	10 748
两广石栎Lithocarpus synbalanos	142.3	354.9	1 862	7.0	1 877	13 251
泡叶石栎 L. haipinii	57.0	79.6	1 001	6.0	1 577	9 791
滑皮石栎 L. skanianus	60.0	63.3	576	3.1	3 285	9 845
紫玉盘石栎 L. uvarifolius	49.3	198.3	1 208	6.3	1 472	9 299
乳源木莲 Manglietia yuyuanensis	46.3	134.4	1 047	2.3	5 943	13 624
野含笑 Michelia skinneriana	68.2	60.0	437	3.2	2 189	6 595
水团花 Adina pilulifera	166.7	186.8	376	4.7	1 504	6 886
狗骨柴 Tricalysia dubia	163.3	317.7	1 402	4.0	3 892	15 569
石斑木 Rhaphiolepis indica	18.6	25.1	163	4.1	367	1 483
坚荚树 Viburnum sempervirens	36.0	65.9	427	2.0	1 794	3 588
石笔木 Tutcheria spectabilis	42.0	401.5	2 332	5.7	2 753	15 052
细齿叶柃 Eurya nitida	45.3	18.8	162	5.3	620	3 306
微毛柃 E. hebeclados	42.5	18.8	105	6.2	418	2 526
格药柃 E. muricata	38.0	51.3	269	3.3	950	3 085
单耳柃 E. weissiae	24.1	39.5	269	2.6	1 129	2 964
大萼两广黄瑞木 Adinandra glichroloma	44.0	130.1	1 317	3.0	4 979	14 937
黄瑞木 A. millettii	30.8	43.0	231	4.3	528	2 262
红淡比 Cleyera japonica	128.0	645.0	1217	2.3	3 385	7 713
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	23.5	64.0	1 088	3.5	2 464	8 701
木荷 Schima superba	68.0	207.3	1 232	6.5	2 271	14 885
油茶 Camellia oleifera	42.1	117.2	440	3.8	896	3 157
柃叶莲蕊茶 C. euryoid	77.3	20.3	110	9.3	195	1 837
尖连蕊茶 C.cuspidata	69.7	37.8	217	4.4	781	3 447
羊舌树 Symplocos glauca	63.7	177.1	724	4.0	1 659	6 421
光叶山矾 S. lancifolia	67.3	43.2	232	4.3	822	3 582
尖叶四照花 Dendrobenthamia angustata	88.0	99.6	311	5.0	619	3 029
赤楠 Syzygium buxifolium	38.6	21.3	195	4.2	369	1 462
树参 Dendropanax dentiger	42.7	148.1	1119	4.0	2 360	9 484
豪猪刺 Berberis julianae	75.7	88.1	468	4.3	1 233	4 190
物种 Species	TSL (mm)	TSM (mg)	TLM (mg)	LN	ILA (mm²)	TLA (mm²)
杨梅 Myrica rubra	86.3	298.8	2 508	13.3	2 072	27 764
辣汁树 Cinnamomum tsangii	91.0	79.4	478	5.0	1 065	5 308
香桂 C. subavenium	95.0	83.9	541	4.0	1 384	5 535
黄樟 C. parthenoxylon	59.8	91.4	648	3.1	3 748	11 617
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	108.3	129.3	834	13.0	1 060	13 840
华南木姜子 L. greenmaniana	131.7	183.3	998	6.0	1 814	10 771
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	134.0	320.3	1 248	11.9	8 159	14 318
刨花楠 M. pauhoi	71.0	104.1	1 105	5.2	2 273	12 018
绒毛润楠 M. velutina	111.6	256.3	1 437	5.4	3 507	18 964
建润楠 M. oreophila	57.5	130.1	1 897	6.4	3 435	21 949
黄绒润楠 M. grijsii	68.9	163.3	1 278	4.8	3 026	14 634
新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata	81.3	83.5	601	4.2	2 574	10 402
山血丹 Ardisia punctata	142.3	273.3	1 344	9.7	1 273	12 389

物种 Species	TSL (mm)	TSM (mg)	TLM (mg)	LN	ILA (mm²)	TLA (mm²)
红皮树 Styrax suberifolius	106.7	106.4	636	2.7	3 688	9 729
冬青Ilex purpurea	87.0	52.7	467	8.7	675	5 824
三花冬青I. triflora	44.7	106.2	140	4.3	411	1 778
毛冬青I. pubescens	41.0	8.7	90	4.7	819	3 836
老虎刺Carissa spinarum	115.7	251.6	1 443	5.0	2 444	12 294
小叶乌饭Vaccinium carlesii	91.7	146.3	602	7.0	718	4 811
乌饭树V. bracteatum	76.3	67.6	435	5.3	895	4 693
杜鹃Rhododendron simsii	28.0	55.6	297	10.7	362	3 895
鹿角杜鹃Rh. latoucheae	60.8	98.5	563	3.3	1 100	3 671
刺毛杜鹃Rh. championae	76.0	71.8	658	4.3	3 031	13 793
弯蒴杜鹃Rh. henryi	73.3	133.6	880	4.7	2 283	11 201
薯豆Elacocarpus japonicus	116.7	34.8	81	3.0	598	1 851
虎皮楠Daphniphyllum oldhamii	58.3	63.8	398	7.5	932	6673
檵木 Loropetalum chinense	39.3	13.3	65	5.3	235	1 231
覃树 Altingia chinensis	55.3	146.3	1 733	4.0	5 747	22 990
罗浮锥 Castanopsis fabri	82.3	106.3	923	4.4	1 517	6 371
红锥 C. hystrix	172.0	405.6	2 272	7.0	3 091	20 968
上杭锥 C. lamontii var.shanghangensis	81.3	66.8	838	4.8	1 562	6 922
甜槠 C. eyrei	90.0	77.3	518	5.8	825	4 545
米槠 C. carlesii	75.4	34.9	257	5.5	688	3 735
南岭锥C. fordii	102.2	168.0	947	5.0	2 246	10 913
卷斗青冈 Cyclobalanopsis pachyloma	117.7	140.0	726	4.3	1 909	8 372
梅花山青冈 C. meihuashangensis	119.3	167.0	798	10.5	1 030	10 641
细叶青冈C. myrsinaefolia	171.0	303.5	733	5.3	1 761	8 644
青冈C. glauca	115.3	245.2	1 112	5.6	2 046	10 748
两广石栎Lithocarpus synbalanos	142.3	354.9	1 862	7.0	1 877	13 251
泡叶石栎 L. haipinii	57.0	79.6	1 001	6.0	1 577	9 791
滑皮石栎 L. skanianus	60.0	63.3	576	3.1	3 285	9 845
紫玉盘石栎 L. uvarifolius	49.3	198.3	1 208	6.3	1 472	9 299
乳源木莲 Manglietia yuyuanensis	46.3	134.4	1 047	2.3	5 943	13 624
野含笑 Michelia skinneriana	68.2	60.0	437	3.2	2 189	6 595
水团花 Adina pilulifera	166.7	186.8	376	4.7	1 504	6 886
狗骨柴 Tricalysia dubia	163.3	317.7	1 402	4.0	3 892	15 569
石斑木 Rhaphiolepis indica	18.6	25.1	163	4.1	367	1 483
坚荚树 Viburnum sempervirens	36.0	65.9	427	2.0	1 794	3 588
石笔木 Tutcheria spectabilis	42.0	401.5	2 332	5.7	2 753	15 052
细齿叶柃 Eurya nitida	45.3	18.8	162	5.3	620	3 306
微毛柃 E. hebeclados	42.5	18.8	105	6.2	418	2 526
格药柃 E. muricata	38.0	51.3	269	3.3	950	3 085
单耳柃 E. weissiae	24.1	39.5	269	2.6	1 129	2 964
大萼两广黄瑞木 Adinandra glichroloma	44.0	130.1	1 317	3.0	4 979	14 937
黄瑞木 A. millettii	30.8	43.0	231	4.3	528	2 262
红淡比 Cleyera japonica	128.0	645.0	1217	2.3	3 385	7 713
厚皮香 Ternstroemia gymnanthera	23.5	64.0	1 088	3.5	2 464	8 701
木荷 Schima superba	68.0	207.3	1 232	6.5	2 271	14 885
油茶 Camellia oleifera	42.1	117.2	440	3.8	896	3 157
柃叶莲蕊茶 C. euryoid	77.3	20.3	110	9.3	195	1 837
尖连蕊茶 C.cuspidata	69.7	37.8	217	4.4	781	3 447
羊舌树 Symplocos glauca	63.7	177.1	724	4.0	1 659	6 421
光叶山矾 S. lancifolia	67.3	43.2	232	4.3	822	3 582
尖叶四照花 Dendrobenthamia angustata	88.0	99.6	311	5.0	619	3 029
赤楠 Syzygium buxifolium	38.6	21.3	195	4.2	369	1 462
树参 Dendropanax dentiger	42.7	148.1	1119	4.0	2 360	9 484
豪猪刺 Berberis julianae	75.7	88.1	468	4.3	1 233	4 190
物种 Species	TSL (mm)	TSM (mg)	TLM (mg)	LN	ILA (mm²)	TLA (mm²)
杨梅 Myrica rubra	86.3	298.8	2 508	13.3	2 072	27 764
辣汁树 Cinnamomum tsangii	91.0	79.4	478	5.0	1 065	5 308
香桂 C. subavenium	95.0	83.9	541	4.0	1 384	5 535
黄樟 C. parthenoxylon	59.8	91.4	648	3.1	3 748	11 617
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	108.3	129.3	834	13.0	1 060	13 840
华南木姜子 L. greenmaniana	131.7	183.3	998	6.0	1 814	10 771
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	134.0	320.3	1 248	11.9	8 159	14 318
刨花楠 M. pauhoi	71.0	104.1	1 105	5.2	2 273	12 018
绒毛润楠 M. velutina	111.6	256.3	1 437	5.4	3 507	18 964
建润楠 M. oreophila	57.5	130.1	1 897	6.4	3 435	21 949
黄绒润楠 M. grijsii	68.9	163.3	1 278	4.8	3 026	14 634
新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata	81.3	83.5	601	4.2	2 574	10 402
山血丹 Ardisia punctata	142.3	273.3	1 344	9.7	1 273	12 389