小叶锦鸡儿灌丛群落蒸腾耗水量估算方法

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了确定沙地小叶锦鸡儿 (Caragana microphylla) 人工林的蒸腾速率, 于2006年6月运用热平衡茎流测量技术, 对科尔沁沙地一处15a生人工小叶锦鸡儿群落的分枝液流动态进行了监测。根据生物统计结果选取被测标准枝, 标准枝基径在0.4~1cm范围内。同时, 分别用基径总断面积推算法和叶片密度推算法对灌丛叶面积进行了估算。以叶面积为扩展纯量, 利用标准枝液流对灌丛群落耗水量进行尺度转换, 在转换过程中, 假设叶面积与蒸腾耗水量之间具有很强的相关性。该尺度转换方法经与大型称重式Lysimeter测值对比验证, 误差小于14.3%, 可望准确估算小叶锦鸡儿灌丛群落的蒸腾耗水量。

关键词: 热平衡技术, 小叶锦鸡儿, 单枝液流量, 叶面积, 尺度转换, 群落耗水量

Abstract:

Aims Our objectives were to develop an appropriate procedure for scaling up the sap flow from individual stems to the whole shrub and to the plot and to assess the utility of using sap flow gauges to determine the stand-level transpiration of shrub plantations in a semiarid sandy environment.

Methods Sap flow rates of stems in a 15-year-old Caragana microphylla shrub in Horqin Sandy Land, China were measured using the stem heat balance techniques in June 2006 to determine transpiration of the C. microphylla plantation. The gauge-equipped stems, ranging in basal diameter from 0.4 to 1 cm, were selected on the basis of statistical analysis within the representative sampling plot for determining the “mean stem”. Synchronously, total leaf area of the plant was measured by the basal cross-sectional area method and the leaf area density (LAD) method. We took advantage of the sparse distribution of C. microphylla and the ease of directly measuring LAD for individual shrubs to create a new scaling method based on these direct LAD measurements for shrubs in the study plot. We extrapolated the measurements of water use by individual stems to determine the area-averaged transpiration of the shrubland. The method used for the extrapolation assumed that the transpiration of a shrub was proportional to its leaf area.

Important findings We found daily differences of <14.3% between transpiration estimated with sap measurements and with a weighing lysimeter reference, suggesting that the scaling procedure can be used to provide reliable estimates of transpiration from the shrub C. microphylla in Horqin Sandy Land.

Key words: heat balance techniques, Caragana microphylla, individual stem transpiration, leaf area, scaling-up, community transpiration

岳广阳, 赵哈林, 张铜会, 赵学勇, 赵玮, 牛丽, 刘新平. 小叶锦鸡儿灌丛群落蒸腾耗水量估算方法. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(3): 508-515. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.010

YUE Guang-Yang, ZHAO Ha-Lin, ZHANG Tong-Hui, ZHAO Xue-Yong, ZHAO Wei, NIU Li, LIU Xin-Ping. ESTIMATION OF TRANSPIRATION IN COMMUNITIES DOMINATED BY SHRUB CARAGANA MICROPHYLLA. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(3): 508-515. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.010

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.010

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I3/508

图/表 6

图1 小叶锦鸡儿基径频率分布

Fig.1 Frequency distribution in different basal diameter classes of Caragana microphylla

表1 灌丛单株A~F基本特征及单枝叶面积与茎干截面积关系式的拟合参数

Table 1 Parameters for the equation relation leaf area (cm2) to stem cross-sectional area (cm2) for Caragana microphylla A-F

图2 灌丛单株A~F分枝基径截面积与叶面积之间的关系回归方程各参数见表1

Fig. 2 The relationship between basal cross-sectional area and leaf area per stem for Caragana microphylla A-F The parameters of the regression lines are given in Table 1

图3 BCAM法叶面积估算值(A1)和LADM法(A2)比较

Fig. 3 Comparison of estimated leaf area values between basal cross-sectional area method (A1) and leaf area density method (A2) Acs: Total basal cross-sectional area

图4 小叶锦鸡儿灌丛群落日蒸腾耗水量变化图中数据缺失部分是由于电池供电不足和更换茎流探头所致

Fig. 4 Diurnal water consumption of Caragana microphylla determined by scaling sap flow rates of sampled individual stems in June 2006 No data were recorded on some days, because of power failure and gauges remove T: Diurnal water consumption

图5 2005年6月小叶锦鸡儿蒸腾耗水量估算值与Lysimeter蒸散量测值 (El) 比较 T:同图4

Fig.5 Comparison between shrub transpiration values determined by the stem heat-balance method and those (El) calculated by the weighed lysimeter method throughout June 2005 See Fig.4

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