植物生态学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 147-156.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0021
收稿日期:
2005-01-06
接受日期:
2005-04-10
出版日期:
2006-01-06
发布日期:
2006-01-30
通讯作者:
黄宏文
作者简介:
*E-mail:hongwen@wbgcas.cn基金资助:
WANG Ying, KANG Ming, HUANG Hong-Wen*()
Received:
2005-01-06
Accepted:
2005-04-10
Online:
2006-01-06
Published:
2006-01-30
Contact:
HUANG Hong-Wen
摘要:
采用微卫星标记对茅栗(Castanea sequinii)随机大居群以及其中各亚居群的遗传结构进行了空间自相关分析,以探讨植物自然居群内遗传变异的分布特征及其形成机制。通过9对微卫星引物所产生的119个多态位点,测定了大别山区域内茅栗居群以及各亚居群的空间自相关系数Moran's I值。结果表明:大别山分布的野生茅栗为一个缺乏空间结构的随机大居群,茅栗亚居群之间频繁的花粉流削弱了地理隔离导致的遗传漂变或分化作用在维系居群随机遗传结构中具有的重要作用。但是,在接近亚居群大小的地域范围内(0.228 km)具有一定的空间结构,即小地域尺度中的亚居群存在着空间遗传结构。取样的3个亚居群在小格局范围内都存在一定的空间结构,遗传变异基本上呈非随机分布,在短距离内(61 m)3个亚居群一致表现出不同程度的显著正相关,而随着距离的增加,Moran's I值虽然在不同亚居群间存在一定差异变化,但是总体而言趋向预期值,即不存在空间结构,说明其遗传变异在亚居群内只是在短距离内形成一定的空间结构。研究认为有限的种子散播以及微生境选择等因素可能是产生这种小格局的遗传结构的主要原因。上述研究结果有助于进一步了解植物随机大居群的进化历史和生态过程,同时也为栗属植物中国特有种的保育策略提供了科学依据。
王英, 康明, 黄宏文. 用分子标记揭示植物随机大居群中亚居群的遗传结构——茅栗自然居群空间遗传结构的SSR分析. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(1): 147-156. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0021
WANG Ying, KANG Ming, HUANG Hong-Wen. SUBPOPULATION GENETIC STRUCTURE IN A PANMICTIC POPULATION AS REVEALED BY MOLECULAR MARKERS: A CASE STUDY OF CASTANEA SEQUINII USING SSR MARKERS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(1): 147-156. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0021
图1 3个亚居群的取样示意图(A)及每个亚居群内的个体位置图 a.广水Guangshui b.麻城Macheng c.岳西Yuexi
Fig.1 The sketch map of 3 subpopulations of C. sequinii in China (A) and spatial distribution of individuals within each subpopulation
引物编号 Locus code | 片段大小范围 Size range (bp) | 等位基因数 No.of alleles | 预期杂合度 He | 观察杂合度 Ho | 近交系数 FIS | 居群分化系数 FST | 哈迪-温格平衡检验 Hardy-weinberg equilibrium test |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CsCAT1 | 160~201 | 19 | 0.879 | 0.538 | 0.359 | 0.094 | NS |
CsCAT2 | 180~226 | 13 | 0.864 | 0.774 | 0.034 | 0.078 | NS |
CsCAT3 | 197~215 | 6 | 0.637 | 0.594 | -0.023 | 0.089 | NS |
CsCAT4 | 217~261 | 13 | 0.818 | 0.817 | -0.047 | 0.054 | NS |
CsCAT5 | 217~242 | 7 | 0.753 | 0.607 | 0.181 | 0.031 | NS |
CsCAT7 | 190~217 | 6 | 0.761 | 0.538 | 0.256 | 0.038 | NS |
CsCAT8 | 190~210 | 6 | 0.729 | 0.658 | 0.117 | 0.018 | NS |
CsCAT14 | 150~160 | 6 | 0.754 | 0.770 | -0.151 | 0.049 | NS |
CsCAT15 | 127~142 | 12 | 0.790 | 0.355 | 0.436 | 0.119 | NS |
平均值Mean | 9.78 | 0.778 | 0.625 | 0.129 | 0.063 | NS |
表1 9对栗属植物微卫星引物所得片段大小范围,遗传多样性和遗传分化参数以及Hardy-weinberg平衡检验
Table 1 List of 9 primers used and size range, genetic diversity and genetic differentiation parameters, and Hardy-weinberg equilibrium test
引物编号 Locus code | 片段大小范围 Size range (bp) | 等位基因数 No.of alleles | 预期杂合度 He | 观察杂合度 Ho | 近交系数 FIS | 居群分化系数 FST | 哈迪-温格平衡检验 Hardy-weinberg equilibrium test |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CsCAT1 | 160~201 | 19 | 0.879 | 0.538 | 0.359 | 0.094 | NS |
CsCAT2 | 180~226 | 13 | 0.864 | 0.774 | 0.034 | 0.078 | NS |
CsCAT3 | 197~215 | 6 | 0.637 | 0.594 | -0.023 | 0.089 | NS |
CsCAT4 | 217~261 | 13 | 0.818 | 0.817 | -0.047 | 0.054 | NS |
CsCAT5 | 217~242 | 7 | 0.753 | 0.607 | 0.181 | 0.031 | NS |
CsCAT7 | 190~217 | 6 | 0.761 | 0.538 | 0.256 | 0.038 | NS |
CsCAT8 | 190~210 | 6 | 0.729 | 0.658 | 0.117 | 0.018 | NS |
CsCAT14 | 150~160 | 6 | 0.754 | 0.770 | -0.151 | 0.049 | NS |
CsCAT15 | 127~142 | 12 | 0.790 | 0.355 | 0.436 | 0.119 | NS |
平均值Mean | 9.78 | 0.778 | 0.625 | 0.129 | 0.063 | NS |
居群 Population | 平均等位 基因数A | 平均有效等位 基因数Ae | 预期杂合度 He | 观察杂合度 Ho | 特有等位 基因数Ape | 近交系数 FIS | 取样个体数 Sampling size | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
随机大居群 Panmictric population | 9.778(1.561 5) | 4.954(0.595 8) | 0.776(0.024 4) | 0.625 | 0.190 | 197 | |||||||||||||||||
广水 Guangshui | 6.111(0.696 1) | 3.578(0.332 9) | 0.705(0.021 4) | 0.634 | 3 | 0.109 | 43 | ||||||||||||||||
麻城 Macheng | 8.444(1.168 0) | 4.537(0.556 7) | 0.750(0.033 9) | 0.620 | 20 | 0.169 | 118 | ||||||||||||||||
岳西 Yuexi | 6.000(0.500 0) | 3.638(0.330 7) | 0.704(0.030 2) | 0.622 | 6 | 0.104 | 36 |
表2 茅栗随机大居群及其3个亚居群取样及遗传多样性参数
Table 2 The genetic diversity parameters of large panmictic population and three subpopulations of Castanea sequnii sampled
居群 Population | 平均等位 基因数A | 平均有效等位 基因数Ae | 预期杂合度 He | 观察杂合度 Ho | 特有等位 基因数Ape | 近交系数 FIS | 取样个体数 Sampling size | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
随机大居群 Panmictric population | 9.778(1.561 5) | 4.954(0.595 8) | 0.776(0.024 4) | 0.625 | 0.190 | 197 | |||||||||||||||||
广水 Guangshui | 6.111(0.696 1) | 3.578(0.332 9) | 0.705(0.021 4) | 0.634 | 3 | 0.109 | 43 | ||||||||||||||||
麻城 Macheng | 8.444(1.168 0) | 4.537(0.556 7) | 0.750(0.033 9) | 0.620 | 20 | 0.169 | 118 | ||||||||||||||||
岳西 Yuexi | 6.000(0.500 0) | 3.638(0.330 7) | 0.704(0.030 2) | 0.622 | 6 | 0.104 | 36 |
位点 Locus | 10个距离等级(km)的Moran's I值 Moran's I for 10 distance classes (km) | 累积机率 Cum. Prob | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||
CsCAT1-180 | 0.32** | 0.26** | 0.31** | 0.16** | -0.03 | -0.13** | -0.15** | -0.55** | -0.57** | 0.15** | 0.000* |
CsCAT1-188 | 0.01 | 0.02 | -0.02 | -0.07 | 0.02 | -0.02 | -0.00 | -0.00 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.045* |
CsCAT1-190 | 0.07** | -0.09** | 0.04* | -0.06** | -0.04* | 0.01 | 0.00 | -0.02 | 0.03 | -0.02 | 0.001* |
CsCAT2-209 | 0.15** | 0.05** | 0.06** | -0.01 | -0.23** | -0.13** | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.17** | -0.11** | 0.000* |
CsCAT3-201 | 0.09** | -0.02 | 0.03 | -0.04 | -0.17** | 0.04* | -0.00 | 0.01 | 0.05* | -0.04 | 0.000* |
CsCAT3-207 | 0.04** | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.07** | -0.00 | 0.05** | -0.04* | -0.08** | -0.13** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-230 | 0.06** | 0.04* | -0.02 | 0.02 | -0.00 | -0.03 | -0.12** | -0.02 | -0.03 | 0.04** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-238 | 0.10** | 0.05** | -0.07** | -0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04** | 0.04* | -0.11** | -0.03 | -0.08** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-242 | 0.07** | 0.08** | 0.01 | 0.15** | 0.00 | -0.11** | -0.20** | -0.07** | -0.11** | 0.11** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-253 | 0.05** | -0.05* | -0.01 | -0.05* | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | -0.02 | -0.00 | -0.00 | 0.056 |
CsCAT5-227 | 0.04** | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | -0.03 | -0.06** | -0.01 | -0.04 | 0.04* | 0.037* |
CsCAT5-232 | 0.12** | 0.07** | 0.07** | 0.04* | 0.07** | -0.01 | -0.05* | -0.20** | -0.13** | -0.11** | 0.000* |
CsCAT7-205 | 0.16** | 0.08** | -0.08** | 0.00 | -0.06** | 0.01 | -0.08** | -0.18** | 0.00 | 0.09** | 0.000* |
CsCAT7-209 | 0.05** | 0.05* | -0.04* | -0.01 | -0.08** | 0.02 | 0.00 | -0.08** | -0.01 | 0.05** | 0.000* |
CsCAT7-215 | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.02 | -0.03 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.00 | 1.000 |
CsCAT7-217 | -0.00 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 | -0.00 | 0.03 | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.07* | 0.176 |
CsCAT8-190 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.01 | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.05 | 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.780 |
CsCAT8-201 | 0.02 | 0.04* | 0.04* | 0.02 | -0.05 | -0.03 | 0.05* | -0.05 | -0.11** | -0.00 | 0.001* |
CsCAT8-204 | -0.04 | 0.03 | -0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | -0.03 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.00 | -0.01 | 0.798 |
CsCAT8-207 | 0.04* | 0.01 | -0.00 | 0.05** | -0.04* | -0.02 | 0.04** | -0.07** | -0.09** | 0.01 | 0.000* |
CsCAT14-150 | -0.02 | 0.00 | -0.01 | -0.03 | 0.03* | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.00 | -0.00 | 0.400 |
CsCAT14-153 | 0.03* | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.05** | 0.03* | -0.04 | -0.05* | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.10** | 0.000* |
CsCAT14-155 | 0.14** | -0.01 | 0.05** | 0.19** | 0.07** | -0.12** | -0.11** | -0.02 | 0.09** | -0.41** | 0.000* |
CsCAT14-157 | 0.10** | 0.08** | 0.14** | 0.11** | -0.13** | -0.26** | -0.08** | -0.02 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.000* |
CsCAT15-133 | 0.19** | 0.16** | -0.01 | -0.04 | -0.16** | -0.15** | -0.04 | 0.09** | 0.01 | -0.09** | 0.000* |
CsCAT15-134 | 0.16** | 0.11** | 0.09** | 0.12** | 0.04* | -0.00 | -0.12** | -0.28** | -0.06** | -0.08** | 0.000* |
CsCAT15-135 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.05* | -0.00 | -0.06** | -0.06** | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.05* | 0.06** | 0.022* |
平均Average | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.04 | -0.03 | -0.06 | -0.04 | -0.03 | - |
最大值Maximum | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.15 | - |
最小值Minimum | -0.04 | -0.09 | -0.08 | -0.07 | -0.23 | -0.26 | -0.20 | -0.55 | -0.57 | -0.41 | - |
表3 茅栗随机大居群10个距离等级下的Moran's I值及其显著值
Table 3 Spatial autocorrelation coefficients (Moran's I) for 10 distance classes in panmictic population of Castanea squinii
位点 Locus | 10个距离等级(km)的Moran's I值 Moran's I for 10 distance classes (km) | 累积机率 Cum. Prob | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | ||
CsCAT1-180 | 0.32** | 0.26** | 0.31** | 0.16** | -0.03 | -0.13** | -0.15** | -0.55** | -0.57** | 0.15** | 0.000* |
CsCAT1-188 | 0.01 | 0.02 | -0.02 | -0.07 | 0.02 | -0.02 | -0.00 | -0.00 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.045* |
CsCAT1-190 | 0.07** | -0.09** | 0.04* | -0.06** | -0.04* | 0.01 | 0.00 | -0.02 | 0.03 | -0.02 | 0.001* |
CsCAT2-209 | 0.15** | 0.05** | 0.06** | -0.01 | -0.23** | -0.13** | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.17** | -0.11** | 0.000* |
CsCAT3-201 | 0.09** | -0.02 | 0.03 | -0.04 | -0.17** | 0.04* | -0.00 | 0.01 | 0.05* | -0.04 | 0.000* |
CsCAT3-207 | 0.04** | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.07** | -0.00 | 0.05** | -0.04* | -0.08** | -0.13** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-230 | 0.06** | 0.04* | -0.02 | 0.02 | -0.00 | -0.03 | -0.12** | -0.02 | -0.03 | 0.04** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-238 | 0.10** | 0.05** | -0.07** | -0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04** | 0.04* | -0.11** | -0.03 | -0.08** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-242 | 0.07** | 0.08** | 0.01 | 0.15** | 0.00 | -0.11** | -0.20** | -0.07** | -0.11** | 0.11** | 0.000* |
CsCAT4-253 | 0.05** | -0.05* | -0.01 | -0.05* | -0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | -0.02 | -0.00 | -0.00 | 0.056 |
CsCAT5-227 | 0.04** | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | -0.03 | -0.06** | -0.01 | -0.04 | 0.04* | 0.037* |
CsCAT5-232 | 0.12** | 0.07** | 0.07** | 0.04* | 0.07** | -0.01 | -0.05* | -0.20** | -0.13** | -0.11** | 0.000* |
CsCAT7-205 | 0.16** | 0.08** | -0.08** | 0.00 | -0.06** | 0.01 | -0.08** | -0.18** | 0.00 | 0.09** | 0.000* |
CsCAT7-209 | 0.05** | 0.05* | -0.04* | -0.01 | -0.08** | 0.02 | 0.00 | -0.08** | -0.01 | 0.05** | 0.000* |
CsCAT7-215 | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.02 | -0.03 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.00 | 1.000 |
CsCAT7-217 | -0.00 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 | -0.00 | 0.03 | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.07* | 0.176 |
CsCAT8-190 | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0.01 | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.05 | 0.02 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.780 |
CsCAT8-201 | 0.02 | 0.04* | 0.04* | 0.02 | -0.05 | -0.03 | 0.05* | -0.05 | -0.11** | -0.00 | 0.001* |
CsCAT8-204 | -0.04 | 0.03 | -0.02 | -0.01 | 0.01 | -0.03 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.00 | -0.01 | 0.798 |
CsCAT8-207 | 0.04* | 0.01 | -0.00 | 0.05** | -0.04* | -0.02 | 0.04** | -0.07** | -0.09** | 0.01 | 0.000* |
CsCAT14-150 | -0.02 | 0.00 | -0.01 | -0.03 | 0.03* | -0.03 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.00 | -0.00 | 0.400 |
CsCAT14-153 | 0.03* | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.05** | 0.03* | -0.04 | -0.05* | -0.01 | 0.02 | -0.10** | 0.000* |
CsCAT14-155 | 0.14** | -0.01 | 0.05** | 0.19** | 0.07** | -0.12** | -0.11** | -0.02 | 0.09** | -0.41** | 0.000* |
CsCAT14-157 | 0.10** | 0.08** | 0.14** | 0.11** | -0.13** | -0.26** | -0.08** | -0.02 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.000* |
CsCAT15-133 | 0.19** | 0.16** | -0.01 | -0.04 | -0.16** | -0.15** | -0.04 | 0.09** | 0.01 | -0.09** | 0.000* |
CsCAT15-134 | 0.16** | 0.11** | 0.09** | 0.12** | 0.04* | -0.00 | -0.12** | -0.28** | -0.06** | -0.08** | 0.000* |
CsCAT15-135 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.05* | -0.00 | -0.06** | -0.06** | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.05* | 0.06** | 0.022* |
平均Average | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.04 | -0.03 | -0.06 | -0.04 | -0.03 | - |
最大值Maximum | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.31 | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.15 | - |
最小值Minimum | -0.04 | -0.09 | -0.08 | -0.07 | -0.23 | -0.26 | -0.20 | -0.55 | -0.57 | -0.41 | - |
图3 依据9个微卫星位点随机大居群在10个距离等级上的Moran's I平均值得出的自相关图(95%CI: 95%的置信间)
Fig.3 Correlogram using mean value of Moran's I at 9 Microsatellite loci and 10 distance intervals in panmictic population (95%CI: 95% confidence interval)
图4 依据9个微卫星位点3个亚居群的自相关图:广水(a)和麻城(b)亚居群在9个距离等级、岳西(c)亚居群在10个距离等级上的Moran's I平均值得出的自相关图(95%CI: 95%的置信区间)
Fig.4 The correlogram of 3 subpopulations using mean value of Moran's I at 9 Microsatellite loci: 9 distance intervals in Guangshui(a) and Macheng(b) subpopulation, 10 distance intervals in Yuexi(c) subpopulation (95%CI: 95% confidence interval)
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