青藏高原植物群落样方数据集

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0174

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为便于了解青藏高原植被特殊物种组成、群落特征及分布格局, 该文利用2018-2021年在青藏高原不同区域内调查的338个样地、共758个样方的数据, 分析了高原植物群落的物种组成、区系特征和植被分类, 整合形成青藏高原植物群落样方数据集。结果表明: 青藏高原高寒和温性植物群落758个样方中, 共有植物65科279属837种; 其中, 物种数最多的5个科依次是菊科(134种)、禾本科(88种)、豆科(75种)、蔷薇科(43种)和莎草科(40种), 物种数最多的5个属依次是蒿属(Artemisia, 29种)、马先蒿属(Pedicularis, 27种)、风毛菊属(Saussurea, 25种)、黄耆属(Astragalus, 23种)和早熟禾属(Poa, 23种)。植物区系主要由温带(145属)和世界广布(36属)的成分所组成。物种的生长型以草本(83.51%)和灌木(10.87%)为主, 草本和木本的生活型分别以多年生草本(88.23%)和落叶灌木(83.67%)为主。338个样地可以划分为4个植被型组, 10个植被型, 20个植被亚型, 78个群系组和117个群系, 其中草原群系34个, 草甸群系33个, 荒漠群系33个, 灌丛群系14个和针叶林群系3个。该数据集覆盖青藏高原绝大部分高寒灌丛、高寒草原、高寒草甸、高寒荒漠、温性草原和温性荒漠植被区域, 可为研究高原植被特征和地带性分异规律, 气候变化和人类活动对高原植被的影响及其生态恢复提供坚实的数据基础, 同时为下一代中国植被图的更新提供参考。

关键词: 样方资料, 青藏高原, 高寒植被, 植被分类, 物种组成

Abstract:

Plot-based data are an important foundation for studying plant community characteristics and compiling vegetation monographs, vegetation map, and vegegraphy. It is the key data source of studies in vegetation ecology. To understand the species composition, community characteristics, and distribution pattern of special plateau vegetation on the Qingzang Plateau (QZP), this study uses the data of 338 sites including 758 plots in different regions of the QZP from 2018 to 2021 to analyze the species composition, floristic characteristics, and vegetation classification of plateau plant communities. A plot-based dataset of plant community on the QZP is then established. The 758 plots have 837 plant species belonging to 279 genera from 65 families in the alpine and temperate vegetation communities. The largest number of species are found in five families: Asteraceae (134 species), Poaceae (88 species), Fabaceae (75 species), Rosaceae (43 species), and Cyperaceae (40 species), as well as five genera: Artemisia (29 species), Pedicularis (27 species), Saussurea (25 species), Astragalus (23 species), and Poa (23 species). The floristic composition is mainly temperate (145 genera) and cosmopolitan (36 genera). The growth forms of the species are mainly herbs (83.51%) and shrubs (10.87%), and the life forms of herbs and woody plants are mainly perennial herbs (88.23%) and deciduous shrubs (83.67%), respectively. A total of 338 sites can be divided into four vegetation formation groups, 10 vegetation formations, 20 vegetation subformations, 78 alliance groups, and 117 alliances, in which 34 are steppe alliances, 33 are meadow alliances, 33 are desert alliances, 14 are shrubland alliances, and 3 are coniferous forest alliances. This dataset covers most of the alpine shrubland, meadow, steppe, desert, and temperate steppe, desert vegetation regions of the QZP. This work provides a solid foundation for exploring the vegetation characteristics and regularity of vegetation zonal differentiation and determining the impacts of climate change and human disturbances on alpine vegetation and their ecological restoration. The dataset also provides a reference for the updating of the next generation of China's vegetation map.

Key words: plot data, Qingzang Plateau, alpine vegetation, vegetation classification, species composition

金伊丽, 王皓言, 魏临风, 侯颖, 胡景, 吴铠, 夏昊钧, 夏洁, 周伯睿, 李凯, 倪健. 青藏高原植物群落样方数据集. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(7): 846-854. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0174

JIN Yi-Li, WANG Hao-Yan, WEI Lin-Feng, HOU Ying, HU Jing, WU Kai, XIA Hao-Jun, XIA Jie, ZHOU Bo-Rui, LI Kai, NI Jian. A plot-based dataset of plant community on the Qingzang Plateau. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(7): 846-854. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0174

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0174

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I7/846

图/表 4

参考文献 42

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条目 Item	描述 Description
样地号 Site No.	由调查地点和调查时间组成的样地编号, 如TP2018071501 Site number based on the location and time of surveys, for example, TP2018071501
人类干扰 Human disturbance	调查记录的人类干扰强度: 无、弱、中、强 Human disturbance intensity recorded in the survey: none, weak, medium, and strong
动物活动 Animal activity	调查记录的动物活动强度: 无、弱、中、强 Animal activity intensity recorded in the survey: none, weak, medium, and strong
植被类型 Vegetation type	调查记录的植被类型: 高寒草甸、高寒草原、高寒灌丛、高寒荒漠、温带草甸、温带草原、温带荒漠、针叶林 Vegetation types recorded in the survey: alpine meadow, alpine steppe, alpine shrubland, alpine desert, temperate meadow, temperate steppe, temperate desert, and coniferous forest
生境照片数量 Habitat photos number	每个样地的照片(JPG)数量 The number of photos (JPG) of each site
样方号 Plot No.	由调查地点和调查时间组成的样方编号, 如TP2018071501A Plot number based on the location and time of surveys, for example, TP2018071501A
经度 Longitude	使用全球定位系统(GPS)测定每个样方的经度 The Global Position System (GPS) was used to determine the longitude of each plot
纬度 Latitude	使用GPS测定每个样方的纬度 GPS was used to determine the latitude of each plot
海拔 Altitude	使用GPS测定每个样方的海拔 GPS was used to determine the altitude of each plot
坡向 Slope direction	使用指南针测定每个样方的坡向, 以0°为北向, 180°为南向 Compass was used to measure the slope direction of each plot, with 0° as the north direction and 180° as the south direction
坡度 Slope	用水平仪测定每个样方的坡度 Gradienter was used to measure the slope of each plot
样方类型 Plot type	代表地带性植物群落的样方(用A表示)和反映局域性小生境的样方(用B表示) Plots representing zonal plant community (A) and plots reflecting local habitat (B)
样方面积 Plot area	样方面积=样方长×样方宽 Plot area = plot length × plot width
样方盖度 Plot coverage	用目测法估计样方内所有植物的地上器官对地面的水平投影面积之和 Visually estimated sum of the horizontally projected areas of aboveground organs of all plants in the plot
样方照片数量 Plot photos number	每个样方的照片(JPG)数量 The number of photos (JPG) of each plot
中国植被图群系 Alliance from Vegetation Map of China	中国植被图(中国科学院中国植被图编辑委员会, 2007b)中提取的样地群系类型 Alliance types of sites extracted from the Vegetation Map of China (Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2007b)

条目 Item	描述 Description
样地号 Site No.	由调查地点和调查时间组成的样地编号, 如TP2018071501 Site number based on the location and time of surveys, for example, TP2018071501
人类干扰 Human disturbance	调查记录的人类干扰强度: 无、弱、中、强 Human disturbance intensity recorded in the survey: none, weak, medium, and strong
动物活动 Animal activity	调查记录的动物活动强度: 无、弱、中、强 Animal activity intensity recorded in the survey: none, weak, medium, and strong
植被类型 Vegetation type	调查记录的植被类型: 高寒草甸、高寒草原、高寒灌丛、高寒荒漠、温带草甸、温带草原、温带荒漠、针叶林 Vegetation types recorded in the survey: alpine meadow, alpine steppe, alpine shrubland, alpine desert, temperate meadow, temperate steppe, temperate desert, and coniferous forest
生境照片数量 Habitat photos number	每个样地的照片(JPG)数量 The number of photos (JPG) of each site
样方号 Plot No.	由调查地点和调查时间组成的样方编号, 如TP2018071501A Plot number based on the location and time of surveys, for example, TP2018071501A
经度 Longitude	使用全球定位系统(GPS)测定每个样方的经度 The Global Position System (GPS) was used to determine the longitude of each plot
纬度 Latitude	使用GPS测定每个样方的纬度 GPS was used to determine the latitude of each plot
海拔 Altitude	使用GPS测定每个样方的海拔 GPS was used to determine the altitude of each plot
坡向 Slope direction	使用指南针测定每个样方的坡向, 以0°为北向, 180°为南向 Compass was used to measure the slope direction of each plot, with 0° as the north direction and 180° as the south direction
坡度 Slope	用水平仪测定每个样方的坡度 Gradienter was used to measure the slope of each plot
样方类型 Plot type	代表地带性植物群落的样方(用A表示)和反映局域性小生境的样方(用B表示) Plots representing zonal plant community (A) and plots reflecting local habitat (B)
样方面积 Plot area	样方面积=样方长×样方宽 Plot area = plot length × plot width
样方盖度 Plot coverage	用目测法估计样方内所有植物的地上器官对地面的水平投影面积之和 Visually estimated sum of the horizontally projected areas of aboveground organs of all plants in the plot
样方照片数量 Plot photos number	每个样方的照片(JPG)数量 The number of photos (JPG) of each plot
中国植被图群系 Alliance from Vegetation Map of China	中国植被图(中国科学院中国植被图编辑委员会, 2007b)中提取的样地群系类型 Alliance types of sites extracted from the Vegetation Map of China (Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2007b)