基于日光诱导叶绿素荧光探测干旱对黄土高原植被光合稳定性的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2023.0265

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黄土高原是我国气象干旱最频发的地区之一, 近年来, 在气候变暖的背景下, 气象干旱有增加的趋势, 探索植被光合生理活动对干旱的抵抗力和复原力对了解植被生长对环境变化的响应以及预测未来该地区植被变化具有重要意义。该研究利用日光诱导叶绿素荧光基于OCO-2的SIF数据集(GOSIF)产品、气温及标准化降水蒸散发指数(SPEI)数据, 使用多元线性自回归模型, 分析干旱对黄土高原各气候分区植被和不同植被覆盖类型光合作用时空稳定性的影响。结果表明: 黄土高原植被的光合复原力与干旱程度之间呈线性关系, 造成植被光合复原力逐渐减弱的干旱序列依次为轻度干旱>中度干旱>重度干旱。植被光合对干旱的抵抗力与干旱程度的关系呈非线性关系, 抵抗力由强到弱的干旱序列依次为重度干旱>轻度干旱>中度干旱。黄土高原植被光合对温度变化不敏感。对比不同气候分区植被发现, 干旱气候区植被的光合复原力随着干旱程度增强而降低, 半干旱气候区植被光合复原力较为稳定, 半湿润区植被光合复原力随重度、轻度和中度干旱依次降低。在各植被类型中, 森林的光合作用的复原力和抵抗力最高。该研究结果有助于整体认识气候变化背景下黄土高原区植被稳定性的区域性特点, 从而为黄土高原生态修复与治理提供科学依据。

关键词: 日光诱导叶绿素荧光, 植被光合, 黄土高原, 干旱, 复原力, 抵抗力

Abstract:

Aims The Loess Plateau stands as one of China’s most susceptible regions to meteorological drought, a vulnerability exacerbated in recent years by the backdrop of climate warming. As meteorological droughts show a rising trend, investigating the capacity of vegetation to withstand and recover from drought stress becomes paramount. Understanding the resilience and resistance of vegetation’s photosynthetic physiological processes to drought is crucial for comprehending how vegetation responds to environmental shifts and for forecasting the future trajectory of vegetation development in the area.
Methods Utilizing the solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence Global SIF dataset based on OCO-2 (GOSIF) products alongside temperature and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) data, this study aims to investigate the impact of drought on the spatial and temporal stability of photosynthesis across various vegetation types and climate zones on the Loess Plateau employing the multiple linear autoregressive model.
Important findings The study revealed a linear relationship between vegetation photosynthetic resilience and the severity of drought experienced on the Loess Plateau. Vegetation photosynthetic resilience weakens in the order of mild, moderate, and severe drought. The relationship between vegetation photosynthetic resistance and drought severity exhibited a nonlinear pattern, with resistance declining from severe to mild and moderate drought. Vegetation photosynthesis on the Loess Plateau displayed insensitivity to temperature variations. Comparison across climatic zones highlighted that in arid regions, vegetation photosynthetic resilience declined with escalating drought severity, whereas semi-arid zones demonstrated relatively stable resilience. In semi-humid regions, vegetation photosynthetic resilience decreased in the order of severe, mild, and moderate droughts. Among vegetation types, forests demonstrated the highest levels of both resilience and resistance. These findings contribute significantly to our understanding of the regional vegetation stability in the Loess Plateau under the background of climate changes, thereby guiding the ecological restoration and management efforts in the region.

Key words: solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, vegetation photosynthesis, Loess Plateau, drought, resilience, resistance

刘柯言, 韩璐, 宋午椰, 张初蕊, 胡旭, 许行, 陈立欣. 基于日光诱导叶绿素荧光探测干旱对黄土高原植被光合稳定性的影响. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(3): 415-431. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0265

LIU Ke-Yan, HAN Lu, SONG Wu-Ye, ZHANG Chu-Rui, HU Xu, XU Hang, CHEN Li-Xin. Detection of drought effects on photosynthetic stability of vegetation on the Loess Plateau based on solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(3): 415-431. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2023.0265

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2023.0265

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I3/415

图/表 11

图1 黄土高原研究区植被类型及气候分区图。

Fig. 1 Vegetation type and climate zone map of the study area on the Loess Plateau.

表1 标准化降水蒸散发指数(SPEI)干旱等级划分

Table 1 Drought classification based on standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI)

干旱等级 Drought classification	SPEI值 SPEI value
轻度干旱 Mild drought	-1.0 < SPEI ≤ -0.5
中度干旱 Moderate drought	-1.5 < SPEI ≤ -1.0
重度干旱 Severe drought	SPEI ≤ -1.5

表2 用于评估植被光合稳定性的自回归模型系数的解释

Table 2 Interpretation of autoregressive model coefficients for assessing vegetation photosynthetic stability

系数 Coefficient	变化幅度的解释 Explanation of the magnitude of change	正负符号的解释 Interpretation of positive and negative signs
α (Y_t_-1的系数) α (coefficients for Y_t_-1)	绝对值在0到1之间代表植被恢复平衡, 绝对值越大表明复原力越低。绝对值大于1, 植被将以振荡的方式恢复平衡 Absolute values between 0 and 1 represent systems returning to equilibrium, with large absolute values indicating a low resilience. Absolute values are larger than 1, the system returns to equilibrium in an oscillating way	正异常与之前的异常相似; 负异常与之前的异常相似, 但符号相反 Positive anomalies are similar to the previous anomaly. Negative anomalies are similar to the previous anomaly, but with the opposite sign
β (SPEI_t的系数)和σ (T_t的系数) β (coefficients for SPEI_t) and σ (coefficients for T_t)	绝对值越大表明植被对干旱/温度异常越敏感, 即植被对短期干旱/温度反常的抵抗力越小 Large absolute values indicate a low resistance to droughts/ temperature anomalies	正值表示更湿润条件下或更高的温度下植被光合作用增加; 负值表示更润湿条件下或更高的温度下植被光合作用下降 Positive values indicate wetter conditions or higher temperatures induce the increase of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF). Negative values indicate wetter conditions or higher temperatures induce the decrease of SIF

图2 2001-2020年黄土高原年均标准化降水蒸散发指数(SPEI)值。

Fig. 2 Annual average standardized precipitation evapo- transpiration index (SPEI) of Loess Plateau from 2001 to 2020.

图3 黄土高原干旱程度的空间分布。A, 2001年。B, 2005年。C, 2009年。D, 2015年。SPEI, 标准化降水蒸散发指数。

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of drought severity on the Loess Plateau. A, 2001. B, 2005. C, 2009. D, 2015. SPEI, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index.

图4 黄土高原日光诱导叶绿素荧光(SIF)异常的空间分布。A, 2001。B, 2005年。C, 2009年。D, 2015年。饼状图中黑色部分表示占比极小。

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) anomalies on the Loess Plateau. A, 2001. B, 2005. C, 2009. D, 2015. The black portion of the pie chart represents a very small percentage.

图5 2001、2005、2009和2015年黄土高原植被光合稳定性的空间分布。

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution of photosynthetic stability of vegetation on the Loess Plateau in 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2015.

图6 黄土高原植被光合稳定性在不同干旱程度下的变化。SPEI, 标准化降水蒸散发指数。

Fig. 6 Changes in photosynthetic stability of vegetation on the Loess Plateau under different degrees of drought. SPEI, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index.

图7 不同干旱程度下不同气候区植被光合的稳定性。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01。

Fig. 7 Stability of vegetation photosynthesis in different climatic zones under different degrees of aridity. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.

图8 不同干旱程度下不同植被类型的稳定性。*, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001。

Fig. 8 Stability of different vegetation types under different degrees of aridity. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.

图9 2001、2005、2009和2015年黄土高原植被稳定性的空间分布。

Fig. 9 Spatial distribution of stability of vegetation on the Loess Plateau in 2001, 2005, 2009 and 2015.

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