艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭的种群结构与动态

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2025.0218

植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 937-946.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0218 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2025.0218

艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭的种群结构与动态

陈鹏鹏¹, 武胜利¹^,²^,^*(), 张燕³^,^*(), 肖佳奇¹, 黄露蕊¹, 史慧杰¹

¹ 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 乌鲁木齐 830017
² 新疆维吾尔自治区高等学校师资培训中心, 乌鲁木齐 830054
³ 新疆生产建设兵团第五师农业科学研究所, 新疆博乐 833400

收稿日期:2025-06-12 接受日期:2025-12-17 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-06-25
通讯作者: ^*武胜利, wushengli77@126.com;
张燕, 1104094958@qq.com
基金资助:
湖北省重点研发计划(2023EGA124)

Population structure and dynamics of Haloxylon ammodendron on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed

CHEN Peng-Peng¹, WU Sheng-Li¹^,²^,^*(), ZHANG Yan³^,^*(), XIAO Jia-Qi¹, HUANG Lu-Rui¹, SHI Hui-Jie¹

¹ School of Geography and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Ürümqi 830017, China
² Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Higher Education Teachers Training Center, Ürümqi 830054, China
³ Agricultural Science Research Institute, The Fifth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Bole, Xinjiang 833400, China

Received:2025-06-12 Accepted:2025-12-17 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-06-25
Contact: *WU Sheng-Li, wushengli77@126.com;
ZHANG Yan, 1104094958@qq.com
Supported by:
Hubei Province Key R&D Program(2023EGA124)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)是艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘最主要的固沙灌木, 具有抗风蚀、抗沙埋的特点, 生态适应能力强。探究其种群结构与动态趋势, 可为艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群保护及生态可持续发展提供科学依据。该研究以艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群为研究对象, 在野外样地调查的基础上, 采用径级代替龄级的方法对梭梭种群的动态变化进行量化, 通过编制种群静态生命表、绘制存活曲线和生存函数曲线分析其年龄结构特征, 并使用时间序列预测模型对其未来的发展动态进行预测。结果表明: 目前, 梭梭种群年龄结构呈金字塔型, 幼龄个体数量大于老龄个体数量, 种群具有较好的更新能力。梭梭种群存活曲线更趋于Deevey-II型, 在生命周期中死亡风险分布相对均匀。相邻龄级之间的种群动态指数起伏较明显, 但不考虑外部环境干扰时的种群数量动态指数(V_pi)相较于考虑外部环境干扰时的种群数量动态指数(V'_pi)更大, V_pi (35.17%) > V'_pi (1.95%) > 0, 且V'_pi更趋近于0, 总体上属于增长型种群, 但种群抗干扰能力较弱。生存率随龄级增加呈单调递减趋势, 累积死亡率呈单调递增趋势, 危险率高于对应龄级的生存率, 反映出种群后期有衰退的趋势。时间序列预测分析结果表明, 未来, 在经过2、4、6、8个龄级的时间后, 梭梭种群内中、高龄级个体数量呈上升趋势, 低龄级个体为种群中后期的生长提供了充足的个体补充。综上所述, 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群是增长型种群, 具有一定的增长潜力, 其生长过程受抛物线形沙丘生境影响较大, 为促进其自然更新, 可适当采取人工保护措施, 提高其存活率。

关键词: 艾比湖流域, 梭梭, 种群结构, 静态生命表, 存活曲线, 时间序列

Abstract:

Aims Haloxylon ammodendron, a key shrub species for stabilizing parabolic dunes in the Ebinur Lake watershed, exhibits exceptional tolerance to wind erosion and sand burial, along with robust ecological adaptability. Investigating its population structure and dynamics provides valuable scientific guidance for conserving H. ammodendron populations and promoting long-term ecological sustainability in the region.

Methods This study focuses on the H. ammodendron population inhabiting the parabolic dunes within the Ebinur Lake watershed. Based on field surveys, population dynamics are quantified using diameter class as a proxy for age class. The age structure is analyzed through static life tables, survival curves, and survivorship functions, while future population trends are projected using time-series models.

Important findings The current age structure of H. ammodendron populations exhibits a pyramidal distribution, characterized by a higher number of juvenile individuals than mature ones, indicating strong regenerative capacity. The survival curve of the population conforms to the Deevey-II type, suggesting that mortality risk is relatively constant across the life cycle. Significant fluctuations are observed in population dynamic indices between adjacent age classes. However, the population dynamic index excluding external disturbances (V_pi) is substantially higher than that including them (V'_pi), with values of V_pi (35.17%) > V'_pi (1.95%) > 0, and V'_pi approaching 0. Overall, the population exhibits a growing trend, but demonstrates limited resistance to disturbance. The survival rate decreases monotonically with increasing age, whereas cumulative mortality increases correspondingly. The hazard rate exceeds the corresponding survival rate at all ages, indicating a tendency of population decline in later life stages. Time-series projections show that over the next 2, 4, 6, and 8 age classes, the numbers of middle- and high-aged individuals will increase, while younger age classes are expected to provide substantial recruitment during mid- to late-growth phases. In summary, the H. ammodendron populations inhabiting parabolic dunes in the Ebinur Lake watershed represent a growing population type and exhibit considerable growth potential. Their development is significantly influenced by regional environmental conditions; therefore, the implementation of appropriate protective measures is recommended to enhance survival and promote natural regeneration.

Key words: Ebinur Lake watershed, Haloxylon ammodendron, population structure, static life table, survival curve, time series

陈鹏鹏, 武胜利, 张燕, 肖佳奇, 黄露蕊, 史慧杰. 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭的种群结构与动态. 植物生态学报, 2026, 50(4): 937-946. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0218

CHEN Peng-Peng, WU Sheng-Li, ZHANG Yan, XIAO Jia-Qi, HUANG Lu-Rui, SHI Hui-Jie. Population structure and dynamics of Haloxylon ammodendron on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2026, 50(4): 937-946. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0218

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2025.0218

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2026/V50/I4/937

图/表 8

图1 艾比湖流域研究区概况图。

Fig. 1 Overview of the Ebinur Lake Basin study area.

图2 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘调查样方示意图。图中黑点代表样方位置。

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of parabolic dune survey plots in the Ebinur Lake Basin. Black dots indicate the locations of sampling points.

图3 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群龄级结构图。

Fig. 3 Age-class structure of the Haloxylon ammodendron population on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed.

表1 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群龄级结构的动态变化指数

Table 1 Dynamic change index of the age-class structure of the Haloxylon ammodendron population on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed

龄级 Age class	动态指数级 Dynamic index class	种群动态指数 Population dynamic index (%)
I-II	V₁	20.96
II-III	V₂	27.27
III-IV	V₃	51.56
IV-V	V₄	61.29
V-VI	V₅	61.11
VI-VII	V₆	42.86
VII-VIII	V₇	62.50
VIII-IX	V₈	33.33
	V_pi	35.17
	V′_pi	1.95
	P_max	5.55

表2 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群动态变化的时间序列预测

Table 2 Time-series prediction of population dynamics for the Haloxylon ammodendron population on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed

龄级 Age class	原始数据 Primary data	M₂⁽¹⁾	M₄⁽¹⁾	M₆⁽¹⁾	M₈⁽¹⁾
I	334
II	264	299
III	192	228
IV	93	143	221
V	36	65	146
VI	14	25	84	156
VII	8	11	38	101
VIII	3	6	15	58	118
IX	2	3	7	26	77

表3 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群静态生命表

Table 3 Static life table of the main sand-fixing Haloxylon ammodendron population on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed

龄级 Age class	n_x	l_x	lnl_x	d_x	L_x	T_x	q_x	e_x	K_x	S_x
I	334	1 000	6.908	210	895	2 329	0.210	2.33	1.04	0.79
II	264	790	6.673	216	683	1 434	0.273	1.81	1.05	0.73
III	192	575	6.354	296	427	751	0.516	1.31	1.13	0.48
IV	93	278	5.629	171	193	325	0.613	1.17	1.20	0.39
V	36	108	4.680	66	75	132	0.611	1.22	1.25	0.39
VI	14	42	3.736	18	33	57	0.429	1.36	1.18	0.57
VII	8	24	3.176	15	16	24	0.625	1.00	1.45	0.38
VIII	3	9	2.195	3	7	7	0.333	0.78	1.23	0.67
IX	2	6	1.790	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

图4 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群存活曲线图。

Fig. 4 Survival curve of the Haloxylon ammodendron population on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed. lnlx represents the natural logarithm of the standardized individual survival count.

图5 艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭种群生存函数曲线图。

Fig. 5 Survival function curves of the Haloxylon ammodendron population on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed. F(i), cumulative mortality; f(ti), mortality density; S(i), survival probability; λ(ti), hazard rate.

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艾比湖流域抛物线形沙丘上梭梭的种群结构与动态

Population structure and dynamics of Haloxylon ammodendron on parabolic dunes in Ebinur Lake watershed

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